Английская Википедия:Antonov An-72

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use British English Шаблон:Use dmy dates

Шаблон:Infobox aircraft type

The Antonov An-72 (NATO reporting name: Coaler) is a Soviet/Ukrainian transport aircraft, developed by Antonov. It was designed as an STOL transport and intended as a replacement for the Antonov An-26,[1] but variants have found success as commercial freighters.

The An-72 and the related An-74 get their nickname, Cheburashka, from the large engine intake ducts, which resemble the oversized ears of the popular Soviet animated character of the same name.

Design and development

Файл:Russian Air Force Antonov An-72S Dvurekov-1.jpg
An unusual design feature of the An-72 is the use of the Coandă effect to improve STOL performance, using engine exhaust gases blown over the wing's upper surface to boost lift.

The An-72 first flew on Шаблон:Date2 and was likely developed as a response to the never-manufactured USAF Advanced Medium STOL Transport (AMST) initiated ten years earlier.Шаблон:Refn Produced in tandem with the An-72, the An-74 variant adds the ability to operate in harsh weather conditions in polar regions, because it can be fitted with wheel-skis landing gear, de-icing equipment, and a number of other upgrades, allowing the aircraft to support operations in Arctic or Antarctic environments. Other An-72 versions include the An-72S VIP transport and An-72P maritime patrol aircraft.

Its first flight was made on Шаблон:Date2, but production started in the late 1980s. The powerplant used is the Lotarev D-36 turbofan engine.Шаблон:Refn The An-72 resembles the unsuccessful Boeing YC-14,Шаблон:Refn a prototype design from the early 1970s (design submitted to the United States Air Force in February 1972,Шаблон:Refn) which had also used overwing engines and the Coandă effect.

The rear fuselage of the aircraft has a hinged loading ramp with a rear fairing that slides backwards and up to clear the opening. Up to Шаблон:Convert can be airdropped while it has folding side seats for 52 passengers.

In 2018, six An-72 aircraft were reported to be upgraded for the Russian Aerospace Forces and Navy to carry more fuel and payload for Arctic operations.Шаблон:Refn

Operation

The An-72 has STOL capabilities; its take-off roll is Шаблон:Convert and its landing run is Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Refn This aircraft was designed to be used on unprepared surfaces; its robust undercarriage and high-flotation tyres allow operations on sand, grass, or other unpaved surfaces.

Variants

Файл:Russian Border Guard Antonov An-72P at Vladivostok Airport.jpg
Russian Border Guard An-72P at Vladivostok Airport
  • An-71 "Madcap": Prototype AWACS aircraft developed from the An-72.
  • An-72 "Coaler-A": Preproduction aircraft. Two flying prototypes, one static test airframe and eight preproduction machines.
  • An-72A "Coaler-C": Initial production STOL transport with a longer fuselage and increased wingspan.
  • An-72AT – "Coaler-C": Freight version of the An-72A compatible with standard international shipping containers.
  • An-72S – "Coaler-C": Executive VIP transport fitted with a galley in a front cabin, work and rest areas in a central cabin, and 24 armchairs in a rear cabin, can also be reconfigured for transporting freight or 38 passengers or as an air ambulance carrying eight stretchers.
  • An-72P: Patrol aircraft. Armed with one Шаблон:Convert GSh-23L cannon plus bombs and/or rockets.Шаблон:Refn
  • An-72R (also known as An-72BR): Prototype electronic intelligence (ELINT) aircraft, with conformal antenna fairings running up each side of the fuselage.[2] Known as 'Aircraft 88' during development and erroneously known as An-88.
  • An-72-100: Demilitarized An-72.[2]
  • An-72-100D: Demilitarized An-72S.[2]
  • An-74: Arctic/Antarctic support model with room for five crew, increased fuel capacity, larger radar in bulged nose radome, improved navigation equipment, better de-icing equipment, and can be fitted with wheel-skis landing gear.

Operators

Файл:Russian Navy Antonov An-72 Dvurekov-1.jpg
A Russian Navy An-72 showing the front view that resembles 'Cheburashka'.
Файл:Ukraine National Guard Antonov An-72 at Zhulyany.jpg
Ukraine National Guard An-72 at Zhulyany Airport
Файл:Kazakhstan Border Guards Antonov An-72-100 Batuzak-1.jpg
Kazakhstan Border Guard Antonov An-72-100

Civilian operators

In August 2006, in total, 51 An-72 and Antonov An-74 aircraft were in airline service. The major operators included Badr Airlines (three), and Shar Ink (eight). Some 17 other airlines operated this aircraft.Шаблон:Cn Current civil operators:

Military operators

As of December 2021, 45 aircraft are in military service:Шаблон:Refn

Former military operators

Accidents and incidents

Шаблон:As of, there have been 24 known accidents and incidents involving the An-72 or An-74; of these, the following involved fatalities:Шаблон:Refn

Specifications (An-72)

Файл:Antonov An-72 3view.svg

Шаблон:Aircraft specs

See also

Шаблон:Portal Шаблон:Aircontent

References

Notes

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

Шаблон:Antonov aircraft Шаблон:Authority control

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Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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