Английская Википедия:Archbishopric of Belgrade and Karlovci
Archbishopric of Belgrade and Karlovci (Шаблон:Lang-sr-cyr) is the central or patriarchal eparchy of the Serbian Orthodox Church, with seat in Belgrade, Serbia.[1] The head of the eparchy is the Serbian patriarch.Шаблон:Fact
History
History of the eparchy, since 1920
Шаблон:See also In 1920, after the unification of all Serbian ecclesiastical provinces into one united Serbian Orthodox Church, old Eparchy of Syrmia with its seat in Sremski Karlovci came under direct administration of the archbishop of Belgrade who was also the Serbian patriarch. Formal unification of two eparchies was completed in 1931 when Archbishopric of Belgrade was joined with the Eparchy of Syrmia into the Archbishopric of Belgrade and Karlovci.Шаблон:Fact In that time, the city of Pančevo was transferred from Eparchy of Vršac to the Archeparchy of Belgrade and Karlovci. In 1947, Eparchy of Syrmia and Eparchy of Šumadija were excluded from the Archbishopric of Belgrade and Karlovci and were transformed into separate organizational units. The city of Pančevo was returned to the Eparchy of Banat. Although, the name of the Archbishopric of Belgrade and Karlovci includes the name of the town of Karlovci (Sremski Karlovci), this town is today part of the Eparchy of Syrmia and not of the Archbishopric of Belgrade and Karlovci.
Historical background, before 1920
Шаблон:See also Eparchy of Belgrade is one of the oldest ecclesiastical institutions in this part of Europe. Ancient Bishopric of Singidunum was an important ecclesiastical center of the late Roman Empire during 4th and 5th century. Its bishops Ursacius and Secundianus were actively involved in religious controversies over Arianism.Шаблон:Sfn That ancient bishopric finally collapsed after 584 when ancient Singidunum was finally destroyed by Avars.
After the Christianization of Slavs, eparchy was renewed as late as 9th century. First medieval Bishop of Belgrade who is known by name was Sergije in 878.Шаблон:Sfn Since 1018 it belonged to the Eastern Orthodox Archbishopric of Ohrid.Шаблон:Sfn At the end of the 13th century, Belgrade became the capital city of Serbian king Stefan Dragutin and Eparchy of Belgrad came under jurisdiction of Serbian Orthodox Church. At the beginning of the 15th century, during the rule of Serbian despot Stefan Lazarević,Шаблон:Sfn metropolitans of Belgrade were among most influential hierarchs of the Serbian Patriarchate of Peć. Belgrade fell under Turkish rule in 1521, but Serbian Patriarchate was renewed in 1557 with its seat in the Patriarchal Monastery of Peć. During 16th and 17th centuries, Serbian bishops of Belgrade were styled as "Metropolitans of Belgrade and Srem".
At the end of the 17th century, regions of Belgrade and Srem were separated by the outcome of the Austro-Turkish War (1683–1699), with Belgrade and Lower Srem remaining under Ottoman rule, while Upper Srem came under Habsburg rule. In 1708, when the autonomous Serbian Metropolitanate in the Habsburg monarchy was created (Metropolitanate of Karlovci), the Eparchy of Srem became archdiocese of the Metropolitan, whose seat was in Sremski Karlovci. As a result of the Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718), Lower Srem and Belgrade came under Habsburg rule. Two seats (Belgrade and Karlovci) were reunited from 1726 to 1739, and then separated again, following the outcome of the Austro-Turkish War (1737–1739).Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Aftef that, Eparchy of Srem remained part of Metropolitanate of Karlovci until 1920, while the Eparchy of Belgrade was returned to jurisdiction of Serbian Patriarchs of Peć. After the abolition of the Serbian Patriarchate of Peć in 1766, Eparchy of Belgrade came under jurisdiction of the Patriarchate of Constantinople.Шаблон:Sfn
In 1831, Eastern Orthodox Church in Principality of Serbia gained its autonomy from the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, and Belgrade became the seat of the archbishop who was now metropolitan of Serbia.Шаблон:Sfn In that time, territory of the archeparchy was very large and included regions of present-day eparchies of Šumadija and Braničevo. The Metropolitanate gained autocephaly in 1879.Шаблон:Sfn
In 1920, the Metropolitanate of Belgrade merged with other Serbian ecclesiastical provinces to form united Serbian Orthodox Church. In the same year, region of Braničevo was separated from the archeparchy and old Eparchy of Braničevo was restored. In 1947, region of Šumadija was also separated from the archeparchy and new Eparchy of Šumadija was created. Since then, the archbishopric was reduced to the inner limits of the City of Belgrade.
Monasteries
There are 12 monasteries within the Archbishopric.Шаблон:Fact
Heads
During the long history of the ecclesiastical seat of Belgrade, many bishops, metropolitans, archbishops and finally patriarchs were seated on the throne of this eparchy.
Bishops and metropolitans of Belgrade (until 1766)
| Name | Tenure | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Sergije Шаблон:Sfn | (around 878) | Bishop of Belgrade |
| Jovan Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1317) | Bishop of Mačva and Belgrade |
| Isidor Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1415—1423) | during the reign of Serbian despot Stefan Lazarević |
| Grigorije Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1438—1440) | during the reign of Serbian despot Đurađ Branković |
| Joanikije Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1479) | received royal charter from king Matthias Corvinus of Hungary |
| Filotej Шаблон:Sfn | (since 1481) | during the time of titular Serbian despot Vuk Grgurević |
| Teofan Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1509) | he established ties with Russia |
| Saint Maksim Branković Шаблон:Sfn | (died 1516) | Metropolitan of Belgrade and Srem |
| Roman Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1532) | under Archbishopric of Ohrid |
| Longin Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1545—1548) | under Archbishopric of Ohrid |
| Makarije Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1589) | Metropolitan of Belgrade and Srem |
| Joakim Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1607—1611) | Metropolitan of Belgrade and Srem |
| Avesalom Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1631—1632) | Metropolitan of Belgrade and Srem |
| Ilarion Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1644—1662) | Metropolitan of Belgrade and Srem |
| Jefrem Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1662—1672) | Metropolitan of Belgrade and Srem |
| Elevterije Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1673—1678) | Metropolitan of Belgrade and Srem |
| Pajsije Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1680—1681) | Metropolitan of Belgrade and Srem |
| Simeon Ljubibratić Шаблон:Sfn | (1682—1690) | migrated to Hungary in 1690, with Serbian patriarch Arsenije III Crnojević |
| Mihailo Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1699—1705) | installed by new Serbian patriarch Kalinik I |
| Mojsije Petrović Шаблон:Sfn | (1713—1730) | since 1718. under Habsburg rule, and since 1726. also Metropolitan of Karlovci |
| Vikentije Jovanović Шаблон:Sfn | (1731—1737) | Metropolitan of Belgrade and Karlovci |
| Sophronius Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1740—1745) | ethnic Greek, Metropolitan of Belgrade |
| Vikentije Stefanović Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1753) | ethnic Serb, Metropolitan of Belgrade, later became Serbian Patriarch |
| Callinicus Шаблон:Sfn | (around 1759—1761) | ethnic Greek, Metropolitan of Belgrade |
Under direct jurisdiction of Constantinople (1766–1831)
| No. | Primate | Portrait | Personal name | Reigned from | Reigned until | Title | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jeremiah Јеремија Jeremiah |
Файл:No image.png | 1766 | 1784 | Metropolitan of Belgrade | Ethnic Greek | |
| 2 | Dionysius I Дионисије I |
Файл:No image.png | 1785 | 1791 | Metropolitan of Belgrade | Ethnic Greek | |
| 3 | Methodius Методије |
Файл:No image.png | 1791 | 1801 | Metropolitan of Belgrade | Ethnic Greek | |
| 4 | Leontius Леонтије |
Файл:No image.png | Leontije Lambrović Леонтије Ламбровић |
1801 | 1813 | Metropolitan of Belgrade | Ethnic Greek |
| 5 | Dionysius II Дионисије II |
Файл:No image.png | Dimitrije Димитрије |
1813 | 1815 | Metropolitan of Belgrade | Ethnic Serb |
| 6 | Agathangelus Агатангел |
Файл:Patriarxis agathaggelos.jpg | 1815 | 1825 | Metropolitan of Belgrade | Ethnic Greek | |
| 7 | Kiril Кирил |
Файл:No image.png | 1825 | 1827 | Metropolitan of Belgrade | Ethnic Greek | |
| 8 | Anthimus Антим |
Файл:No image.png | 1827 | 1831 | Metropolitan of Belgrade | Ethnic Greek |
Autonomous (1831–1879) and autocephalous (1879–1920)
| No. | Primate | Portrait | Personal name | Reigned from | Reigned until | Title | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Melentije Pavlović Мелентије Melenthius |
Файл:Georgije Bakalović - Mitropolit Melentije Pavlović, 1839. Narodni muzej u Beogradu.jpg | Melentije Pavlović Мелентије Павловић |
1831 | 1833 | Archbishop of Belgrade and Metropolitan of Serbia | Serb |
| 2 | Petar Jovanović Петар Peter |
Файл:Митрополит Петр (Йованович).jpg | Pavle Jovanović Павле Јовановић |
1833 | 1859 | Archbishop of Belgrade and Metropolitan of Serbia | |
| 3 | Mihailo Jovanović Михаило Michael |
Файл:ArzobispoMiguelDeSerbia--belgradewhitecit00amesrich.jpg | Miloje Jovanović Милоје Јовановић |
1859 | 1881 | Archbishop of Belgrade and Metropolitan of Serbia | First tenure |
| 4 | Teodosije Mraović Теодосије Theodosius |
Файл:ArzobispoTeododosioDeSerbia--belgradewhitecit00amesrich.jpg | Teodor Mraović Теодор Мраовић |
1883 | 1889 | Archbishop of Belgrade and Metropolitan of Serbia | |
| -- | Mihailo Jovanović Михаило Michael |
Файл:ArzobispoMiguelDeSerbia--belgradewhitecit00amesrich.jpg | Miloje Jovanović Милоје Јовановић |
1889 | 1898 | Archbishop of Belgrade and Metropolitan of Serbia | Second tenure |
| 5 | Inokentije Pavlović Инокентије Innocentius |
Файл:ArzobispoInocencioDeSerbia--belgradewhitecit00amesrich.jpg | Jakov Pavlović Јаков Павловић |
1898 | 1905 | Archbishop of Belgrade and Metropolitan of Serbia | |
| 6 | Dimitrije Димитрије Demetrius |
Файл:Димитрије (Павловић).jpg | Dimitrije Pavlović Димитрије Павловић |
1905 | 1920 | Archbishop of Belgrade and Metropolitan of Serbia | Archbishop of Peć, Metropolitan of Belgrade and Karlovci, and Serbian Patriarch (1920–1930) |
Metropolitans of Belgrade and Karlovci (1920–present)
| Serbian Patriarchs, Heads of the Holy Patriarchal See of Belgrade (1920–present) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Regnal title: Archbishop of Peć, Metropolitan of Belgrade and Karlovci, and Serbian PatriarchШаблон:Ref label | |||||||
| No. | Primate | Portrait | Personal name | Reigned from | Reigned until | Place of birth | Notes |
| 1 | Dimitrije [I] Димитрије (I) Demetrius (I) |
Файл:Димитрије (Павловић).jpg | Dimitrije Pavlović Димитрије Павловић |
12 September 1920 | 6 April 1930 | Požarevac, Principality of Serbia | First Patriarch of the reunified Serbian church |
| 2 | Varnava [I] Варнава (I) Barnabas (I) |
Файл:Патриарх Варнава.jpg | Petar Rosić Петар Росић |
12 May 1930 | 23 July 1937 | Pljevlja, Ottoman Empire | Some believe he may have been poisoned |
| 3 | Gavrilo [V] Гaврилo (V) Gabriel (V) |
Файл:Патријарх Гаврило (Дожић).jpg | Gavrilo Dožić Гaврилo Дoжић |
21 February 1938 | 7 May 1950 | Vrujci, Principality of Montenegro | Known unofficially as Gavrilo V Dožić-Medenica |
| 4 | Vikentije [II] Викентије (II) Vicentius (II) |
Файл:Vikentije Prodanov.jpg | Vitomir Prodanov Витомир Проданов |
1 July 1950 | 5 July 1958 | Bačko Petrovo Selo, Austria-Hungary | Not known as Vikentije II but entered just as Vikentije. Some believe he may have been second poisoned Patriarch |
| 5 | German [I] Герман (I) Herman (I) |
Файл:Patrijarh Srpski German by Stevan Kragujevic (cropped).JPG | Hranislav Đorić Хранислав Ђорић |
14 September 1958 | 30 November 1990 | Jošanička Banja, Kingdom of Serbia | Longest reigning Patriarch and only retired Patriarch during his life |
| 6 | Pavle [II] Павле (II) Paul (II) |
Файл:Patrijarh Pavle.jpg | Gojko Stojčević Гојко Стојчевић |
1 December 1990 | 15 November 2009 | Kućanci, Austria-Hungary | Not known as Pavle II but entered just as Pavle |
| 7 | Irinej [I] Иринеј (I) Irenaeus (I) |
Файл:Патриарх Сербский Ириней 2019.jpg | Miroslav Gavrilović Мирослав Гавриловић |
23 January 2010 | 20 November 2020 | Vidova, Kingdom of Yugoslavia | |
| 8 | Porfirije [I] Порфирије (I) Porphyrius (I) |
Файл:Patr.Porfirije (crop).jpg | Prvoslav Perić Првослав Перић |
19 February 2021 | Incumbent | Bečej, SFR Yugoslavia | |
See also
- Serbian Orthodox Church
- List of eparchies of the Serbian Orthodox Church
- Religion in Serbia
- Eastern Orthodoxy in Serbia
References
Literature
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Шаблон:Serbian Orthodox subdivisions
- ↑ History of the Archbishopric (in Serbian) Шаблон:Webarchive
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