Английская Википедия:Archduke Rudolf of Austria
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox Christian leader Шаблон:Infobox cardinalstyles
Rudolph Johann Joseph Rainier, Archduke of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary and Bohemia, Cardinal-Archbishop of Olomouc (8 January 1788 – 24 July 1831), was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, and an Austrian clergyman and noble. He was consecrated as Archbishop of Olomouc (Olmütz) in 1819 and became cardinal in the same year. Rudolph is known for his patronage of the arts, most notably as sponsor of Ludwig van Beethoven, who dedicated several of his works to him.
Biography
Born in the Pitti Palace in Florence, Tuscany, he was the youngest son of Emperor Leopold II and Maria Louisa of Spain. In 1803 or 1804, Rudolph began taking lessons in piano and composition from Ludwig van Beethoven. The two became friends, and Rudolph became a supporter and patron of Beethoven; their meetings continued until 1824. Beethoven dedicated 14 compositions to Rudolph, including the Archduke Trio, the Hammerklavier Sonata, the Emperor Concerto and the Missa Solemnis. Piano Sonata No. 26 - Les Adieux ("The Farewells") was gifted to Rudolf just before his flight from Vienna with the imperial family on the occasion of the 1809 invasion by Napoleon. The movements are "Lebewohl", "Abwesenheit", and "Wiedersehen" ('farewell', 'absence', and 'reunion'). Rudolph dedicated one of his own compositions to Beethoven. The letters Beethoven wrote to Rudolph are today kept at the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde in Vienna.
Franz Schubert and Ferdinand Ries also dedicated works to Rudolf.[1]
On 24 March 1819, aged 31, Rudolph was appointed Archbishop of Olomouc in the present day Czech Republic but then part of the Austrian Empire. He was made Cardinal-Priest of the titular church of S. Pietro in Montorio by Pope Pius VII on 4 June 1819. He was ordained a priest on 29 August 1819, and consecrated a bishop on 26 September.
In 1823–24, he was one of the 50 composers who composed a variation on a waltz by Anton Diabelli for Vaterländischer Künstlerverein. In Rudolph's case, the music was published anonymously, as by "S.R.D" (standing for Serenissimus Rudolfus Dux). He acquired a significant library of musical compositions, comprising over 18,000 works from 2,400 composers, now held by the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde.[2]
He died on 24 July 1831 of a cerebral hemorrhage in Baden bei Wien at the age of 43 and was interred in the Imperial Crypt in Vienna; his heart was buried in the crypt in Saint Wenceslas Cathedral in Olomouc.
Ancestors
Sources
External links
Шаблон:Start box Шаблон:S-rel Шаблон:Succession box Шаблон:End box Шаблон:Austrian archdukes Шаблон:Tuscan princes
- ↑ See IMSLP: Schubert's Piano Sonata No.16 (D.845) and Ries' piano quartet Op.129 in E minor.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- Английская Википедия
- 1788 births
- 1831 deaths
- 18th-century people from Bohemia
- 19th-century Austrian cardinals
- 19th-century Czech people
- 19th-century Austrian composers
- Austrian male composers
- Austrian composers
- Austrian expatriates in Italy
- Roman Catholic bishops of Olomouc
- Burials at Saint Wenceslas Cathedral
- House of Habsburg-Lorraine
- Knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria
- Knights of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary
- Nobility from Florence
- Austrian princes
- Clergy from Florence
- 19th-century male musicians
- Burials at the Imperial Crypt
- Sons of emperors
- Cardinals created by Pope Pius VII
- Children of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor
- Austrian patrons of music
- Sons of kings
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