Английская Википедия:Arena (web browser)

Материал из Онлайн справочника
Перейти к навигацииПерейти к поиску

Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox software

The Arena browser (also known as the Arena WWW Browser)[1][2] was one of the first web browsers for Unix.[3][4] Originally begun by Dave Raggett in 1993, development continued at CERN and the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and subsequently by Yggdrasil Computing. Arena was used in testing the implementations for HTML version 3.0,[5] Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), Portable Network Graphics (PNG),[6] and libwww.[7][8][9] Arena was widely used and popular at the beginning of the World Wide Web.

Arena, which predated Netscape Navigator and Microsoft's Internet Explorer, featured a number of innovations used later in commercial products.[10] It was the first browser to support background images, tables, text flow around images, and inline mathematical expressions.[7][11][12]

The Arena browser served as the W3C's testbed browser from 1994 to 1996 when it was succeeded by the Amaya project.[13][14][15]

History

Шаблон:Quote box In 1993, Dave Raggett, then at Hewlett-Packard (HP) in Bristol, England devoted his spare time to developing Arena on which he hoped to demonstrate new and future HTML specifications. Development of the browser was slow because Raggett was the lone developer and HP, Шаблон:Cns[16] Raggett demonstrated the browser at the first World Wide Web Conference in Geneva, Switzerland in 1994[17] and the 1994 ISOC conference in Prague[18] to show text flow around images, forms, and other aspects of HTML later termed as the HTML+ specification.[7] Raggett subsequently partnered with CERN, to develop Arena further as a proof of concept browser for this work. Using the Arena browser, Dave Raggett, Henrik Frystyk Nielsen, Håkon Wium Lie and others demonstrated text flow around a figure with captions, resizable tables, image backgrounds, HTML math, and other features.[13][12][19][20][21][22] At the Web World conference in Orlando, in early 1995, Raggett demonstrated the different new features of Arena.[7]

Since July 1994 Lie was integrating libwww and CSS and helping Raggett.[23][24] In October 1995, Yves Lafon joined the team for a year to provide support for HTML form and style sheet development.[25][26]

Arena was originally released for Unix, and although there was talk of a Windows and Macintosh port,[27][28][29] neither came to fruition.[4][9]

Despite its time of development, Arena is in certain areas a relatively modern browser; because it functioned as a testbed,[30] it saw the implementation of new technologies long before they became mainstream, e.g. CSS. Arena implemented many elements of the HTML3 and HTML3.2 specification including math elements[8] that were deprecated in HTML4, HTML tables,[13] and experimental style sheets.[13]

W3C pre-Beta

The development history and the source code of earlier software builds are not well documented,[31][32][33][34] because the developers did not want to distribute the source code until they considered the browser to be stable.[35] In version 0.95, support for inline JPEG images was added.[36] In version 0.96, support was added for the FTP, NNTP, and Gopher protocols, as well as experimental support for CSS.[13][37] In Arena 0.98 Dave Beckett added full PNG support.[38]

W3C Beta-1

The W3C published 5 versions of the Arena beta-1 between 27 November 1995 and 8 February 1996 improving 16-bit operating system support[39] and reimplementing CSS (which was still a Working Draft).[39] The W3C and the INRIA, a French national research institution, gave additional funding to develop CSS.[40][41][42][43] To better implement and write CSS, an experimental style sheet for Arena was developed. On 22 May 1996, the W3C announced that Amaya will replace Arena as their new testbed and that the W3C was looking for a new maintainer because the W3C did not have the resources for two testbeds.[44]

W3C Beta-2

How Arena works:[45][46] 

W3C Arena:
W3C's:
 +======+     HTTP       +======+    +======+    +======+
 |Server|--------------->|Buffer|--->|Frame |--->|X11R6 |
 +======+ |              +======+ |  +======+ |  +======+
          |                       |           |
      +---+----+  +--------+  +---+----+  +---+------+
      | libwww |  |  code  |  | HTML   |  | drawing  |
      |        |  |  conv  |  | parser |  | routine  |
      +---+----+  +---+----+  +---+----+  +---+------+
OMRON's:  |           |           |           |
 +======+ |  +======+ |  +======+ |  +======+ |  +======+
 |Server|----|TmpBuf|--->|Buffer|--->|Frame |--->|X11R6 |
 +======+    +======+    +======+    +======+    +======+
         HTTP            Internal
                         CharCode

Beta-2 had two builds (beta-2a: 28 February 1996 and beta-2b: 21 March 1996) and introduced a new API for communicating with other applications.[47][48][49] Also, the internal component libwww was updated to version 4.[47] OMRON Corporation developed an internationalized version that could display Chinese, Korean and Japanese characters in one page.[50] OMRON's Arena supports both ISO-2022 and Unicode. It is able to guess the charset parameter automatically if charset parameter isn't specified in Content-Type field.[46][51][52]

W3C Beta-3

Beta-3a released on 14 August 1996 and Beta-3b released on 16 September 1996 introduced support for the Linux operating systems on m68k and DEC Alpha.[53] CSS 1 support was enhanced[53] and the internationalized version was also updated.[46] Between the two beta-3 releases the W3C was already looking at a new testbed[13] and switched later to the Amaya browser.[53] Beta-3 was the last involvement of the W3C in the development of Arena. On 17 February 1997, Yggdrasil Computing took over the role of developing the browser.[54]

Yggdrasil phase

Файл:Arena.3.62-1.png
The latest Arena 0.3.62-1 build on its start page.

On 17 February 1997, the W3C approved Yggdrasil to coordinate future development of Arena.[55] Development was taken over by Yggdrasil, with the idea to turn Arena into an open source X Window System browser licensed under the GNU General Public License.[56] Yggdrasil licensed an X emulator from Pearl Software to port Arena to Windows,[54] although these builds were never released. Yggdrasil did not provide any official binaries at this time, because they did not want to expand the community with alpha-quality software.[3] Although users would be able to run Arena by compiling it from the published source code, volunteers created unofficial finished binaries.[57] Yggdrasil had planned to implement browsing features that were already standard in competitive web browsers,[3][57] which resulted in the new bookmarks feature in version 0.3.18 on 7 April 1997.[58]

Development stopped in late 1998, with the final release being on 25 November 1998.[6][note 1] The W3C did not consider demonstration projects to be high priority, and thus, the Arena browser was entirely shut down in favor of outside Linux-community development.[59]

Features

Arena supported the following features:

Technical

Arena was built using the multi-threaded library of common code called the W3C Reference Library, now called libwww.[67][72][73] Originally, the Arena browser was built on top of Xlib as Raggett considered the programming manuals for Motif and other X libraries to be rather daunting.

Version numbering

Arena has three different systems for the version numbering. The W3C pre-beta phase uses a system of numbers up to 0.99, which indicated that these builds were in alpha-quality and the browser could have new features. The beta phase changed the version numbering to a system consisting of the word "Beta-" beta followed by a number. After the beta-phase, the final product would have the version 1.0. After Yggdrasil overtook the development, the development status was changed from the W3C beta builds back to alpha, implying that the Arena browser wasn't yet ready for release.[3] The beta-3e version numbering then became 0.3.5 in GNU style[3][74] Development remained in alpha stage until 0.3.62, and never again advanced to beta.

Criticism

Although Arena ran well,[75] there were inconsistent reports about the speed of Arena.[65][75]

The biggest problems were that Arena couldn't handle forms,[65][75] and that the PNG support was broken from version 0.3.07 on. Earlier Arena releases had full alpha-channel support, but only with using Arena's own "sandy" background pattern.[6][65][76] The animated GIFs extension – presented by Netscape in March 1996 – did not work properly.[65]

Other problems included rendering problems with tables,[65] and the lack of integration of so-called extended HTML code, i.e. the Шаблон:Code-tag[65] and the Шаблон:Code-tag.[65]

Earlier versions of Arena (until 0.3.26 (01.06.97))[77] did not support the email MIME.[78]

Screenshots

Шаблон:Gallery

Timeline of releases

Шаблон:Wide image

Notes

Шаблон:Reflist

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

Шаблон:Refbegin

Шаблон:Refend

Further reading

Шаблон:Refbegin

Шаблон:Refend

External links

Шаблон:Portal Шаблон:Commons category

Шаблон:Good article Шаблон:Gopher clients Шаблон:HTML editors Шаблон:Early web browsers Шаблон:Web browsers Шаблон:W3C standards

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ 3,00 3,01 3,02 3,03 3,04 3,05 3,06 3,07 3,08 3,09 3,10 3,11 3,12 3,13 Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 6,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 7,2 7,3 Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ 9,0 9,1 Шаблон:Cite book
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite magazine
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 Шаблон:Cite book
  13. ↑ 13,0 13,1 13,2 13,3 13,4 13,5 Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite CiteSeerX
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  24. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  25. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  26. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  27. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  28. ↑ Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Dead link
  29. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  30. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  31. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  32. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  33. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  34. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  35. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  36. ↑ 36,0 36,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  37. ↑ 37,0 37,1 37,2 37,3 37,4 Шаблон:Cite web
  38. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  39. ↑ 39,0 39,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  40. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  41. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  42. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  43. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  44. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  45. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  46. ↑ 46,0 46,1 46,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  47. ↑ 47,0 47,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  48. ↑ 48,0 48,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  49. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  50. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  51. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  52. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  53. ↑ 53,0 53,1 53,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  54. ↑ 54,0 54,1 Шаблон:Cite press release
  55. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  56. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  57. ↑ 57,0 57,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  58. ↑ 58,0 58,1 58,2 58,3 Шаблон:Cite web
  59. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  60. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  61. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  62. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  63. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  64. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  65. ↑ 65,0 65,1 65,2 65,3 65,4 65,5 65,6 65,7 Шаблон:Cite web
  66. ↑ 66,0 66,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  67. ↑ 67,0 67,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  68. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  69. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  70. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  71. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  72. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  73. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  74. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  75. ↑ 75,0 75,1 75,2 Шаблон:Cite journal
  76. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  77. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  78. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal


Ошибка цитирования Для существующих тегов <ref> группы «note» не найдено соответствующего тега <references group="note"/>

Источник — http://wikihandbk.com/ruwiki/index.php?title=Английская_Википедия:Arena_(web_browser)&oldid=13234372