Английская Википедия:Aristolochia watsonii
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Speciesbox
Aristolochia watsonii (Watson's Dutchman's pipe, southwestern pipevine, Indian root, snakeroot) is a perennial plant[1] in the birthwort family (Aristolochiaceae), found growing among plants of the Arizona Uplands in the Sonoran Desert.[2]Шаблон:Rp The plant is inconspicuous,[2]Шаблон:Rp small and hard to spot, but can be found by following the pipevine swallowtail (blue swallowtail, Battus philenor) which lays eggs on it.[1]
Description
Growth pattern
It grows as vine with scrambling stems that create a dense, tangled mat over the years when growing on open ground.[1][2]Шаблон:Rp
Roots, stems, and leaves
According to one source, stems are Шаблон:Convert long, with greenish-brown arrowhead-shaped Шаблон:Convert leaves.[2]Шаблон:Rp Another source states stems can reach Шаблон:Convert, in dense mats that are Шаблон:Convert wide.[1] It drops its leaves in the fall and winter (cold-deciduous), and loses stems as well as leaves in a freeze.[1] In full sun and drought conditions, leaves turn from green to purple-brown.[1]
Inflorescence and fruit
It has "bizarre" looking, musky-smelling flowers, which resemble the ear of a rodent.[2]Шаблон:Rp It blooms from April to October. Шаблон:Convert flowers are shaped like a rodent's ear[1][2]Шаблон:Rp are green or burgundy-brown outside to the ear rim, then green speckled with burgundy-brown inside, with hairs on the opening ear rim.[2]Шаблон:Rp Flowers last 1–2 days.[1]
Fruits are capsules having five vertical ribs with triangular-shaped flat and black seeds in each of five compartments.[1]
Ecological interactions
Flowers shaped and smelling like a rodent's ear attract small blood-sucking flies, which are deceived by the appearance and odor and get trapped in the convoluted flower form for a day, then escape to pollinate another plant.[1][2]Шаблон:Rp It attracts the pipevine swallowtail,[3] and is where the butterfly gets its distasteful toxins that protect the butterfly from predation.[1] The caterpillar may eat all of the leaves on a plant, but they then grow back.[1]
Toxicity
All parts of this plant are toxic to humans.[1][4]
Habitat and Distribution
It is found from Arizona to western Texas, in mountains at elevations from Шаблон:Convert.[2]Шаблон:Rp
Human use
Native Americans believed it could be used to treat snakebites, hence its common names Indian rootШаблон:Citation needed or snakeroot.[2]Шаблон:Rp It is currently found in some nurseries that feature native plants as it is a good landscape plant in a butterfly garden.[5]
References
External links
- ↑ 1,00 1,01 1,02 1,03 1,04 1,05 1,06 1,07 1,08 1,09 1,10 1,11 1,12 Aristolochia watsonii: Watson's Dutchman's Pipe / Desert Pipevine, Garden Oracle, Gardening in Tucson, Phoenix, and the Desert Southwest, [1] Шаблон:Webarchive
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 2,6 2,7 2,8 2,9 Sonoran Desert Wildflowers, Richard Spellenberg, 2nd ed., 2012, Шаблон:ISBN
- ↑ Naturewide Images, Robert A. Behrstock, ATTRACTING WILDLIFE I
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Soule, J.A. 2011. Butterfly Gardening in Southern Arizona. Tierra del Sol Press.
