Английская Википедия:Arrogant-class cruiser
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Use British English
Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship class overviewШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsThe Arrogant-class cruiser was a class of four protected cruisers built for the British Royal Navy at the end of the 1890s. One ship, Шаблон:HMS, was lost following a collision with a merchant ship in 1908, while Шаблон:HMS saw active service in the First World War, taking part in the Zeebrugge Raid in April 1918 before being sunk as a blockship during the Second Ostend Raid in May 1918.
Design
The 1895–96 programme of naval construction for the Royal Navy included provision for four Second-class cruisers of the Arrogant class.[nb 1] While most contemporary Royal Navy cruisers were intended for trade protection, the Arrogant class was designed to operate with the main battle fleet, finishing off crippled enemy ships by ramming. They were originally described as "Fleet Rams".[2][3]
To suit the class for its proposed role, the ram bow was larger and stronger than normal. It was supported by the ship's protective deck and by Шаблон:Convert of side armour plating covering the forward part of the ship. While the protective deck had a similar thickness Шаблон:Convert compared to that of the preceding Шаблон:Sclass, the ship's conning tower had much thicker protection than normal, with Шаблон:Convert of armour to resist close-range enemy shells. The design had a shorter hull with greater beam and an auxiliary rudder ahead of the main rudder to improve manoeuvrability (with a turning circle of Шаблон:Convert compared with Шаблон:Convert for the same-length Шаблон:Sclasss).[2][3]
The Arrogants were the first British second-class cruisers to use water-tube boilers, with 18 Belleville boilers feeding triple-expansion steam engines which drove two shafts, giving a speed of Шаблон:Convert.[2] The ships' main gun armament was a mixture of four Шаблон:Convert guns and six Шаблон:Convert guns, and a secondary armament of eight 12-pounder (76 mm) and three 3 pounder (47 mm) guns, supplemented by 5 machine guns and three Шаблон:Convert torpedo tubes.[2] The Arrogants, like many of the armoured cruisers built for the Royal Navy, were often criticised by the contemporary press,[4] with the 1896 Brassey's Naval Annual considering that the class’s armament and speed were "hardly satisfactory",[5] with unfavourable comparisons made to armoured cruisers being built for export,[5] and ships in service with France and Germany.[6] The ships’ armament was strengthened in 1903–04, when the existing main gun armament was replaced by a homogeneous battery of ten 6 inch guns.[2]
History
The four ships were laid down at Devonport and Portsmouth naval dockyards in 1895–96, launching in 1896–97 and were completed between 1898 and 1900.[2]
Шаблон:HMS collided with the American liner Шаблон:SS in a heavy snowstorm off the Isle of Wight on 25 April 1908, sinking with the loss of 27 men. Although she was raised in October 1908, Gladiator proved too expensive to repair and was sold for scrap.[7][8][9]
Шаблон:HMS became a submarine depot ship in 1911, while Шаблон:HMS was paid off in 1912, being renamed HMS Forte in 1915, serving as a hulk attached to the stone frigate (or shore establishment) HMS Vernon.[2][7] Шаблон:HMS served as a tender attached to HMS Vernon from 1912 until the outbreak of the First World War, when she returned to active service. In 1918, Vindictive was converted to an assault ship for the Zeebrugge Raid on 23 April, and following that was scuttled as a blockship during the Second Ostend Raid on 10 May 1918.[7]
Ships
| Name | Builder[2] | Laid Down[5] | Launched[2] | Commissioned[2] | Cost | Fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:HMS | Devonport Dockyard | 10 June 1895 | 26 May 1896 | 1898 | £278,878[10] | Sold 1923[2] |
| Шаблон:HMS | Devonport Dockyard | 10 June 1895 | 3 December 1896 | 1 July 1898 | £280,772[11] | Sold 1923[2] |
| Шаблон:HMS | Portsmouth Dockyard | 27 January 1896 | 18 December 1896 | April 1899 | £287,642[11] | Sank in collision 25 April 1908 Raised and scrapped 1908[2] |
| Шаблон:HMS | Portsmouth Dockyard | 27 January 1896 | 9 December 1897 | 4 July 1900 | £290,458[12] | Scuttled as blockship 10 May 1918[2] |
Notes
Footnotes
References
External links
Шаблон:Arrogant class cruisers Шаблон:WWI British ships
- ↑ Brown 2003, p. 156.
- ↑ 2,00 2,01 2,02 2,03 2,04 2,05 2,06 2,07 2,08 2,09 2,10 2,11 2,12 2,13 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокConways60 p78не указан текст - ↑ 3,0 3,1 Brown 2003, pp. 162–163.
- ↑ Brown 2003, p. 162.
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 Brassey 1896, p. 12.
- ↑ Brassey 1896, p. 155.
- ↑ 7,0 7,1 7,2 Gardiner and Gray 1985, p. 16.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Brassey 1902, p. 187.
- ↑ 11,0 11,1 Brassey 1902, p. 191.
- ↑ Brassey 1902, p. 200.
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