Английская Википедия:Arum italicum

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Arum italicum is a species of flowering herbaceous perennial plant in the family Araceae, also known as Italian arum and Italian lords-and-ladies.[1] It is native to the British Isles[2] and much of the Mediterranean region, the Caucasus, Canary Islands, Madeira and northern Africa. It is also naturalized in Belgium, the Netherlands, Austria, Argentina, North Island New Zealand and scattered locations in North America.[3][4][5][6][7]

Description

It grows Шаблон:Convert high, with equal spread. It blooms in spring with white flowers that turn to showy red fruit.[1] It is cultivated as an ornamental plant for traditional and woodland shade gardens.[1] Subspecies italicum (the one normally grown in horticulture) has distinctive pale veins on the leaves, whilst subspecies neglectum (known as late cuckoo pint[8]) has faint pale veins, and the leaves may have dark spots.[9] Nonetheless, intermediates between these two subspecies also occur, and their distinctiveness has been questioned.[10][11] Some gardeners use this arum to underplant with Hosta, as they produce foliage sequentially: when the Hosta withers away, the arum replaces it in early winter, maintaining ground-cover.[12] Numerous cultivars have been developed for garden use, of which A. italicum subsp. italicum 'Marmoratum' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[13]

Arum italicum can be invasive in some areas.[12][14][15]

Arum italicum may hybridize with Arum maculatum.[16] The status of two subspecies currently included in Arum italicum, subsp. albispathum (Crimea to the Caucasus) and subsp. canariense (Macaronesia), is uncertain and they may represent independent species.[10]

In 1778, Lamarck noticed that the inflorescence of this plant produces heat.[17][18]

Leaves, fruits and rhizomes contain compounds that make them poisonous. Notably, leaves are rich in oxalic acid; other active principles are present in other parts. The ingestion of berries, which are showy and red, can be fatal for babies and young children, as well as dogs.Шаблон:Citation needed

Gallery

Taxonomy

Within the genus, A. italicum belongs to subgenus Arum, section Arum.[19]

A. italicum generally has a chromosome count of 2n = 84, except that a few subspecies (such as subsp. albispathum) have 2n = 56.[19]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

Шаблон:Taxonbar

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 MBG- hort. . accessed 11.1.2011
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ Govaerts, R. & Frodin, D.G. (2002). World Checklist and Bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae): 1-560. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  5. ↑ Castroviejo, S. & al. (eds.) (2008). Flora Iberica 18: 1-420. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid.
  6. ↑ Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  7. ↑ Biota of North America Program, 2013 county distribution map
  8. ↑ Late cuckoo pint at aphotoflora.com: retrieved 3 October 2020
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  10. ↑ 10,0 10,1 Шаблон:Cite journal
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 Clark County Master Gardeners Шаблон:Webarchive
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ National Park Service, Exotic Plant Management Team
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  16. ↑ Plantsman v13:3, p142, September 2014; Royal Horticultural Society
  17. ↑ Meeuse, B.J.D. 1975. Films of liquid crystals as an aid in pollination studies. In Pollination and Dispersal, ed N.B.M. Brantjes, H.F. Linskens, pp 19-20. Nijmegen. The Netherlands: Dep. Botany, Univ. Nijmegen.
  18. ↑ Wilhelm Pfeffer, The Physiology of Plants: A Treatise Upon the Metabolism and ..., Volume 3
  19. ↑ 19,0 19,1 Шаблон:Cite book
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