Английская Википедия:Arundel Formation

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox rockunit The Arundel Formation, also known as the Arundel Clay, is a clay-rich sedimentary rock formation, within the Potomac Group, found in Maryland[1] of the United States of America. It is of Aptian age (Lower Cretaceous). This rock unit had been economically important as a source of iron ore, but is now more notable for its dinosaur fossils. It consists of clay lenses within depressions in the upper part of the Patuxent Formation that may represent oxbow swamp facies.[2] It is named for Anne Arundel County, Maryland.[3]

Vertebrate paleofauna

Dinosaurs

Dinosaurs present include cf. Acrocanthosaurus,[4][5] the possible ornithischian Magulodon,[4] the poorly known theropods "Allosaurus" medius, "Creosaurus" potens, and "Coelurus" gracilis, the ornithomimosaurian "Dryosaurus" grandis,[6] as well as another indeterminate ornithomimosaurian (though it most likely is Nedcolbertia),[7] the sauropod Astrodon, the nodosaurid Priconodon,[8] a possible basal ceratopsian,[9] and potentially the ornithopod Tenontosaurus.[2] Other vertebrates are not as well known from the formation, but include a freshwater shark, a lungfish,[10] at least three genera of turtles, and at least one crocodilian.[2]

Шаблон:Paleobiota-key-compact

Dinosaurs reported from the Arundel Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Acrocanthosaurus[4][11] A. cf. atokensis[11] "Teeth",[4] "incomplete skeleton"[11] A large carcharodontosaurid theropod. Presence long suspected but uncertain, but confirmed in 2024 following the discovery of more complete remains.[11]
Файл:Acrocanthosaurus restoration.jpg
Acrocanthosaurus

Allosaurus[12]

"A." medius[12]

"Tooth."[13]

An indeterminate theropod tooth.

Файл:Astrodon johnstoni.jpg
Astrodon
Файл:Deinonychus ewilloughby.png
Deinonychus
Файл:Tenontosaurus BW.jpg
Tenontosaurus

Astrodon[14]

A. johnstoni[14]

"Tooth."[16]

"Capitalsaurus"[17]

"C." potens

"Vertebra."[13]

A neotheropod possibly synonymous with Acrocanthosaurus.[18]

Coelurus[12]

"C." gracilis

"Manual ungual and teeth."[13]

A dromaeosaurid synonymous with Deinonychus.[18]

Creosaurus[12]

"C." potens[12]

Reclassified as "Capitalsaurus" potens

cf. Deinonychus[12]

Indeterminate[12]

A dromaeosaurid

Dryosaurus

"D." grandis

"Limb elements."[19]

An indeterminate member of Ornithomimosauria.

Magulodon[20]

M. muirkirkensis[20]

"Tooth"[20]

Likely an ornithischian, this genus is a nomen nudum that has not been formally published.

Neoceratopsia indet.[9] Indeterminate[9] "Teeth"[9] An indeterminate member of Neoceratopsia. Initially believed to have belonged to an indeterminate member of Dryosauridae or the genus Tenontosaurus.

Ornithomimus

"O." affinis

Junior synonym of "Dryosaurus" grandis

Pleurocoelus[12]

P. altus[12]

"Tibia [and] fibula."[21]

Possibly synonymous with Astrodon.

P. nanus[12]

Possibly synonymous with Astrodon.

Priconodon[12]

P. crassus[12]

"Teeth, tibia."[22]

A large nodosaurid.

cf. Tenontosaurus[23]

Indeterminate[23]

Pterosaurs

Unassigned pteradactyloid tracks.[24] Шаблон:Paleobiota-key-compact

Pterosaurs of the Arundel Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images

Pteraichnus[24]

[24]

Other fossils

William Bullock Clark (1897) described lignitized trunks of trees often found in upright positions with their roots still intact.[25]

G. J. Brenner (1963) described spores and pollen within the formation.[26]

See also

Шаблон:Portal

Footnotes

Шаблон:Reflist

References

  • Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. 861 pp. Шаблон:ISBN.

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

Шаблон:Coord

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 Шаблон:Cite book
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 4,3 Шаблон:Cite book
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  9. ↑ 9,0 9,1 9,2 9,3 Шаблон:Cite web
  10. ↑ Frederickson, J. A., Lipka, T. R., & Cifelli, R. L. (2016). A new species of the lungfish Ceratodus (Dipnoi) from the Early Cretaceous of the eastern USA. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, e1136316.
  11. ↑ 11,0 11,1 11,2 11,3 Шаблон:Cite journal
  12. ↑ 12,00 12,01 12,02 12,03 12,04 12,05 12,06 12,07 12,08 12,09 12,10 12,11 12,12 12,13 12,14 12,15 12,16 12,17 12,18 12,19 12,20 12,21 "3.25 Maryland, United States; 1. Arundel Clay," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 556.
  13. ↑ 13,0 13,1 13,2 "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 78.
  14. ↑ 14,0 14,1 "3.25 Maryland, United States; 1. Arundel Clay" and "3.34 Washington D. C., United States; 1. Arundel Clay," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 556.
  15. ↑ "3.34 Washington D. C., United States; 1. Arundel Clay," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 556.
  16. ↑ "Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 270.
  17. ↑ Kranz, D. 1998. Mostly Dinosaurs: A Review of the Vertebrates of the Potomac Group (Aptian Arundel Formation), USA, in Lucas, Kirkland and Estep, eds., 1998: 235-238.
  18. ↑ 18,0 18,1 Шаблон:Cite journal
  19. ↑ "Table 6.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 139.
  20. ↑ 20,0 20,1 20,2 20,3 Kranz, P. (1996). Notes on the sedimentary iron ores of Maryland and their dinosaurian faunas. Maryland Geological Survey Special Publications 3:87–115.
  21. ↑ "Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 266.
  22. ↑ "Table 17.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 368.
  23. ↑ 23,0 23,1 Listed as "?Tenontosaurus sp." in "3.25 Maryland, United States; 1. Arundel Clay," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 556.
  24. ↑ 24,0 24,1 24,2 Lockley, M.; Harris, J.D.; and Mitchell, L. 2008. "A global overview of pterosaur ichnology: tracksite distribution in space and time." Zitteliana. B28. p. 187-198. Шаблон:ISSN.
  25. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Clark1897 не указан текст
  26. ↑ Brenner, Gilbert J., 1963, The spores and pollen of the Potomac Group of Maryland: Maryland Geological Survey Bulletin, no. 27, 215 p. [1]
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