Английская Википедия:Asana, Peru
Шаблон:Use dmy dates Asana is an archaeological site by the Asana River, a tributary of the Osmore River, in the south-central Andes of southern Peru.Шаблон:Sfn The site is situated at an elevation of Шаблон:Convert, with land use documented from Шаблон:Convert. Asana was occupied over the course of 8,000 years; though the inhabitants were initially mobile foragers, long term habitation was marked at a later phase by residential architecture.Шаблон:Sfn
Geography
Asana is located on the north bank of the Asana River in the flat fertile valley along Шаблон:Convert of the river. The geological and geomorphological features are causative factors for its unique setting.Шаблон:Sfn
History
An archaeological study of the Asana river valley was conducted 1986–89. The area studied was along a river length of about Шаблон:Convert, between Tumilaca Molina and Cueva Quellaveco and from the origin of the minor tributary of the river Charoque to Tala village. The valley floors and hill slopes, covering an area of Шаблон:Convert, led to the discovery of the Asana site and also six rock shelters.Шаблон:Sfn One of the rock shelters, Qusquri (Coscori), was discovered on the left bank of the river valley at an elevation of Шаблон:Convert, in a series of river terraces at an elevation range of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn
Human habitation has been traced to 10,500 BP at Asana. Excavations have revealed six stratigraphic zones from 10,500 BP to 3500 BP, before the site became abandoned in 3500 BP. The period from 10,500 BP to 9,000 BP is interpreted as belonging to the Late Pleistocene age, 800 years prior to any type of permanent habitation in other areas of the south central Andean highlands.Шаблон:Sfn During the settlement period, guanaco (Lama guanicoe) and taruka (Hippocamelus antisensis) were the local wild herbivores. Over the centuries, the guanaco were domesticated. The Asana at the lower elevation had formed the base camp of the earliest settlers who were hunter gatherers, hunting guanaco and taruca. Up to 5000 BP, settlement became more permanent. The gradual change from forager over to the pastoral society was recorded between 4800 and 4400 BP.[1] By Middle Halocene age, guanacos had been domesticated.Шаблон:Sfn In the river valley, the pastorals living in the mountainous region preferred to limit their livestock foraging to a comfortable distance of not more than Шаблон:Convert with an elevation difference of Шаблон:Convert, perhaps to conserve their energy expenditures. If these limits increased then they would establish new camps.Шаблон:Sfn Human settlement abruptly ended at Asana.[1]
Archaeological finds
Lithic material found at the site attests to the shifting of camps and supports links existing between the settlements of the lower and upper elevations. Both residential and non-residential structures were found and indicated a complex type of growth and occupancy. Structure were dated between 5500 and 3600 BP. A ceremonial structure was found in an open air pre-ceramic site during excavations conducted from 1989 to 1990. It is inferred that activities occurred at the ceremonial site during a 250–500-year period; it is the earliest structure noted of the Kotosh Religious Tradition. A feature identified as a "dance ground", dated to 4800 BP, was thought to be used for "feasts and social exchanges".[2]
References
Bibliography
Шаблон:Archaeological sites in Peru Шаблон:Coord
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- Archaeological sites in Moquegua Region
- Andean preceramic
- High-altitude archaeology
- 1980s archaeological discoveries
- 9th-millennium BC establishments
- 2nd-millennium BC disestablishments
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
