Английская Википедия:Asiatic Cavalry Division

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Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox military unit The Asiatic Cavalry Division (Шаблон:Lang-ru) was a White Army cavalry division during the Russian Civil War.Шаблон:Sfn The division was composed of Russians, Buryats, Tatars, Bashkirs, Mongols of different tribes, Chinese, Manchu, Polish exiles and many others.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Formation

The division was formed in Transbaikal by Baron Roman von Ungern-Sternberg on 28 May 1919.Шаблон:Sfn It consisted of the remnants from the White Army's disbanded Native Horse Corps.Шаблон:Sfn It was 8,000-man strong.Шаблон:Sfn

History

Since 18 March 1920, it was directly subordinate to the Commander-in-Chief of all the Russian Eastern Regions' armed forces, Ataman Semenov, and from 21 May 1920, in the Far Eastern Army.Шаблон:Sfn

After Kolchak's defeat at the hands of the Red Army and Japan's subsequent decision to withdraw its expeditionary troops from Transbaikal, Semyonov, unable to withstand the pressure of Bolshevik forces, planned a retreat to Manchuria.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Ungern, however, saw it as an opportunity to implement his monarchist plan. On 7 August 1920, he broke his allegiance to Semyonov and transformed his Asiatic Cavalry Division into a guerrilla detachment.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Page needed Later that same month, the unit crossed the Mongolia–Russia border due to the Red Army's and the Far Eastern Republic's People's Revolutionary Army's attacks.Шаблон:Sfn This move to Mongolia was unauthorized by Semenov.Шаблон:Sfn In Mongolia, the detachment united with other White Army forces, e.g. the units of Colonels N. N. Kazagrandi and A. P. Kaigorodov, in order to combat the Chinese and Red forces.Шаблон:Sfn On September 29, the division was excluded from Semenov's Far Eastern Army.Шаблон:Sfn During the evacuation of the Far Eastern Army from Transbaikal to Primorye along the CER, the division went a different route.

On 2 October 1920 the division, totalling 900 men,Шаблон:Sfn with its four regiments and artillery,Шаблон:Sfn entered Mongolia when Bogd Khan agreed to von Ungern-Sternberg's offer to liberate Mongolia from the Chinese occupiers.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The division's fighting core were eight Transbaikal Cossack squadrons.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The division freed the Mongolian capital Urga from the Chinese and tried twice to break through in Transbaikal, but suffered heavy losses.Шаблон:Sfn In June 1921, the division consisted of 3,500 men, but lost up to 66% of them in the battle of Troitskosavsky.Шаблон:Sfn In the final clash, von Ungern's forces numbered about 1,000 soldiers.Шаблон:Sfn During the retreat, outraged by their commander's cruel treatment, the officers expelled Ungern, and the division, in 2 brigades under the command of Esaul Makeev and then Colonel Ostrovsky (under the actual leadership of Colonel M.G. Tornovsky), moved to Manchuria where in August 1921 the division was disarmed.

References

Citations

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