Английская Википедия:Assist (association football)

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates In association football, an assist is a contribution by a player which helps to score a goal. Statistics for assists made by players may be kept officially by the organisers of a competition, or unofficially by, for example, journalists or organisers of fantasy football competitions. Recording assists is not part of the official Laws of the Game and the criteria for an assist to be awarded may vary. Record of assists was virtually not kept at all until the end of the 20th century, although reports of matches commonly described a player as having "made" one or more goals. Since the 1990s, some leagues have kept official record of assists and based awards on them.

Criteria

Most commonly, an assist is credited to a player for passing or crossing the ball to the scorer. It may also be awarded to a player whose shot rebounds (off a defender, goalkeeper or goalpost) to a teammate who scores. Some systems may credit an assist to a player who wins a penalty kick or a free kick for another player to convert,[1][2] or to an attacking player for contributing to an own goal.[3] A goal may be unassisted, or have one assist; some systems allow for two assists.[1][4]

FIFA World Cup

FIFA's Technical Study Group is responsible for awarding assist points at the FIFA World Cup.[5] In the Technical Study Group's report on the 1986 World Cup, the authors calculated for the first time unofficial statistics for assists, developing the following criteria:[1]

  1. An assist was awarded to the player who had given the last pass to the goalscorer.
  2. In addition, the last but two holder of the ball could get an assist provided that his action had decisive importance for the goal.
  3. After goals from rebounds those players were awarded an assist who had shot on target.
  4. After goals scored on penalty or by a directly converted free-kick the fouled player received a point.
  5. In case that the goalscorer had laid on the goal for himself (dribble, solo run), no assists were awarded.
  6. No assists were awarded, either, if the goalscorer took advantage of a missed pass by an opponent.

The 1990 World Cup technical report adopted similar criteria, but changed the free-kick/penalty criterion:[2]

  • Where goals resulting from penalties are concerned, the player who is fouled in the area receives an assist point (unless, that is, the player who is fouled subsequently executes the penalty himself).

Planet World Cup has calculated some retrospective data on assists back to the 1966 World Cup,[6] though the 1986 data differs from that of FIFA.[1][7]

FIFA started officially keeping track of assists in World Cup tournaments at the 1994 edition.[8] This was popularly ascribed to the popularity of detailed sports statistics among fans.[8] 1994 was also the first World Cup in which assists were used as a tie-breaker in determining the Golden Shoe award for top scorer.[8][9] In the event, both Hristo Stoichkov and Oleg Salenko tied with 19 points, from 6 goals and 1 assist.[9]

France

The French league, Ligue 1, awards the Trophée de Meilleur Passeur ("best passer trophy") to the player with most "decisive passes" in a season, starting in the 2007–08 season.[10] Sports newspaper L'Équipe had unofficially tracked assists for some years prior to then.[11] The league's Commission des Compétitions includes blocked shots as a subset of "decisive passes".[12][13] In 2012–13, Mathieu Valbuena and Dimitri Payet finished with 12 assists, Valbuena winning the trophy by having fewer blocked shots (3 against 5) among his total.[13]

Spain

For the 1998–99 La Liga season, SDI sold its Gecasport database to Spanish media, in which Шаблон:Lang were described as "passes which lead immediately to a shot and goal".[14]

Ukraine

In Ukraine a traceable documentation of assists calculation started out by Ukrainian newspaper "Komanda" during the 2004–05 season of the Ukrainian Higher League (Vyshcha Liha).[15] The calculation of assist has certain problems to establish what is the "last pass" which led to a scored goal.[15] Different institutions have own perception of it. Some specialists consider that an assist has to be a deliberate action meaning that it does not include the situation when a ball randomly rebounded to a scoring striker.

United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom, official game statistics, including assists, for the Premier League, the Scottish Premiership, and the English Football League are provided by PA Sport under the Actim brand.[16] Since the 2006–07 season, assists have been factored into the Actim Index of Premier League player performance.[17] The assist statistics provided by fantasy football competitions may differ from the Actim data; some uniformly credit an assist to whichever teammate last touched the ball before the scorer, regardless of other circumstances of the play.[18] The Premier League Playmaker of the Season award was introduced in the 2017–18 Premier League for the player with most assists.[19]

United States

The original North American Soccer League kept assist statistics from its foundation in 1968, as its forebears the United Soccer Association and National Professional Soccer League had done the previous year.[20] Analogous statistics were already being kept in basketball and in ice hockey, both established North American sports.

Major League Soccer formerly awarded the MLS Golden Boot based on 2 points per goal scored and one per assist.

The NCAA makes regulations for statistics, including assists, in college soccer in the U.S.[21] Two players may be credited with assists if the second did not have to beat a defender before passing to the scorer.[4] No assist is awarded for winning a penalty.[22] If a goal is scored after a save, block, or rebound from the goal frame, the first shooter gets an assist.[23]

Statistics

These totals are the official records recognised by the relevant governing body. Independent statistics providers may have different data, either through crediting different players for a given goal, or through having begun recording assists earlier or later than the official statistics provider.

Players with most assists in a given competition (all-time)
Competition Records
began
Leading player(s) Team(s) Assists Refs
FIFA World Cup 1954 Pelé Brazil 10 [24]
UEFA European Championship 1960 Karel Poborský Czech Republic 8 [25]
Copa América 1916 Lionel Messi Argentina 17 [26]
FIFA Club World Cup 2000 Neri Cardozo Boca Juniors, Monterrey 5 Шаблон:Citation needed
FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL) 1994 Neymar Brazil 11 Шаблон:Citation needed
UEFA Champions League 1992 Ryan Giggs Manchester United 41 [27]
Premier League 1992 Ryan Giggs Manchester United 162 [28]
La Liga 1990 Lionel Messi Barcelona 192 [29]
Serie A 1986 Francesco Totti Roma 88 [30]
Bundesliga 2004 Thomas Müller Bayern Munich 160 [31]
Ligue 1 2001 Dimitri Payet Nantes, Saint-Étienne, Lille, Marseille 115 [32]
Ukrainian Premier League 2004–05 Darijo Srna Shakhtar Donetsk 88 [15]
UEFA Cup/UEFA Europa League 2001 Bořek Dočkal Slovan Liberec, Rosenborg, Slavia Prague 26 [33]
Major League Soccer 1996 Landon Donovan San Jose Earthquakes, LA Galaxy 136 [34]
UEFA Super Cup 1973 Gareth Bale Real Madrid 3 [35]
Vitolo Sevilla, Atlético Madrid
Players with most assists in a given competition (single season)[36]
Competition Player(s) Team(s) Assists Season(s) Refs
La Liga Lionel Messi Barcelona 21 2019–20 [37][38]
Bundesliga Thomas Müller Bayern Munich 21 2019–20 [39]
Premier League Thierry Henry Arsenal 20 2002–03 [40]
Kevin De Bruyne Manchester City 2019–20
Ligue 1 Ángel Di María Paris Saint-Germain 18 2015–16 [41]
Serie A Ronaldinho AC Milan 18 2009–10 [42]
UEFA Champions League Luis Figo Barcelona 9 1999–2000 [43]

References

Шаблон:Reflist