Английская Википедия:Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States

Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:SCOTUS series An associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States is a justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, other than the chief justice of the United States. The number of associate justices is eight, as set by the Judiciary Act of 1869.^[1]

Article II, Section 2, Clause 2 of the Constitution of the United States grants plenary power to the president to nominate, and with the advice and consent (confirmation) of the Senate, appoint justices to the Supreme Court. Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution effectively grants life tenure to associate justices, and all other federal judges, which ends only when a justice dies, retires, resigns, or is impeached and convicted.^[2]

Each Supreme Court justice has a single vote in deciding the cases argued before it, and the chief justice's vote counts no more than that of any other justice; however, the chief justice leads the discussion of the case among the justices. Furthermore, the chief justice—when in the majority—decides who writes the court's opinion; otherwise, the senior justice in the majority assigns the writing of a decision. The chief justice also has certain administrative responsibilities that the other justices do not and is paid slightly more ($298,500 per year as of 2023, compared to $285,400 per year for an associate justice).^[3]

Associate justices have seniority in order of the date their respective commissions bear, although the chief justice is always considered to be the most senior justice. If two justices are commissioned on the same day, the elder is designated the senior justice of the two. Currently, the senior associate justice is Clarence Thomas. By tradition, when the justices are in conference deliberating the outcome of cases before the Supreme Court, the justices state their views in order of seniority. The senior associate justice is also tasked with carrying out the chief justice's duties when he is unable to, or if that office is vacant.

Current associate justices

There are currently eight associate justices on the Supreme Court. The justices, ordered by seniority, are:

Clarence Thomas, since October 23, 1991[4]

Clarence Thomas,
since October 23, 1991^[4]
Samuel Alito, since January 31, 2006[5]

Samuel Alito,
since January 31, 2006^[5]
Sonia Sotomayor, since August 8, 2009[6]

Sonia Sotomayor,
since August 8, 2009^[6]
Elena Kagan, since August 7, 2010[7]

Elena Kagan,
since August 7, 2010^[7]
Neil Gorsuch, since April 10, 2017[8]

Neil Gorsuch,
since April 10, 2017^[8]
Brett Kavanaugh, since October 6, 2018[9]

Brett Kavanaugh,
since October 6, 2018^[9]
Amy Coney Barrett, since October 27, 2020[10]

Amy Coney Barrett,
since October 27, 2020^[10]
Файл:KBJackson.jpg

Ketanji Brown Jackson,
since June 30, 2022^[11]

Retired associate justices

An associate justice who leaves the Supreme Court after attaining the age and meeting the service requirements prescribed by federal statute (Шаблон:USCode) may retire rather than resign. After retirement, they keep their title, and by custom may also keep a set of chambers in the Supreme Court building, and employ law clerks. The names of retired associate justices continue to appear alongside those of the active justices in the bound volumes of Supreme Court decisions. Federal statute (Шаблон:USCode) provides that retired Supreme Court justices may serve—if designated and assigned by the chief justice—on panels of the U.S. courts of appeals, or on the U.S. district courts. Retired justices are not, however, authorized to take part in the consideration or decision of any cases before the Supreme Court (unlike other retired federal judges who may be permitted to do so in their former courts); neither are they known or designated as a "senior judge". When, after his retirement, William O. Douglas attempted to take a more active role than was customary, maintaining that it was his prerogative to do so because of his senior status, he was rebuffed by Chief Justice Warren Burger and admonished by the whole Court.^[12]

There are currently three living retired associate justices: David Souter, retired June 29, 2009; Anthony Kennedy, retired July 31, 2018; and Stephen Breyer, retired June 30, 2022. Souter has served on panels of the First Circuit Courts of Appeals following his retirement; Kennedy and Breyer have not performed any judicial duties since retiring.

List of associate justices

Since the Supreme Court was established in 1789, the following 104 persons have served as an associate justice:^[13]^[14]

Associate justice			Seat	Replacing	Date confirmed (Vote)	TenureШаблон:Efn	Appointed by	Prior positionШаблон:Efn
1	Файл:John Rutledge color painting.jpg	John Rutledge	1st	(new seat)	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – March 4, 1791 (Resigned)Шаблон:Efn	George Washington	31st governor of South Carolina (1779–1782)
2	Файл:WilliamCushing.jpg	William Cushing Шаблон:Efn	2nd	(new seat)	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – September 13, 1810 Шаблон:Small		Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court (1777–1789)
3	Файл:JusticeJamesWilson.jpg	James Wilson	3rd	(new seat)	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – August 21, 1798 Шаблон:Small		Delegate to the Constitutional Convention (1787)
4	Файл:John Blair (page 82 crop).jpg	John Blair	4th	(new seat)	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – October 25, 1795 Шаблон:Small		Member of the Virginia House of Burgesses (1766–1770)
5	Файл:JamesIredell.jpg	James Iredell	5th	(new seat)	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – October 20, 1799 Шаблон:Small		2nd attorney general of North Carolina (1779–1782)
6	Файл:Thomas Johnson (governor).jpeg	Thomas Johnson	1st	J. Rutledge	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts Шаблон:Efn – January 16, 1793 Шаблон:Small		1st governor of Maryland (1777–1779)
7	Файл:William Paterson copy.jpg	William Paterson	1st	T. Johnson	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – September 8, 1806 Шаблон:Small		2nd governor of New Jersey (1790–1793)
8	Файл:Samuel Chase.jpg	Samuel Chase Шаблон:Efn	4th	Blair	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – June 19, 1811 Шаблон:Small		Chief Justice of the Maryland General Court (1791–1796)
9	Файл:BushrodWashington.jpg	Bushrod Washington	3rd	Wilson	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts Шаблон:Efn – November 26, 1829 Шаблон:Small	John Adams	Delegate to the Virginia Ratifying Convention (1788)
10	Файл:AlfredMoore.jpg	Alfred Moore	5th	Iredell	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – January 26, 1804 Шаблон:Small	John Adams	3rd attorney general of North Carolina (1782–1791)
11	Файл:WilliamJohnson.jpg	William Johnson	5th	Moore	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – August 4, 1834 Шаблон:Small	Thomas Jefferson	Speaker of the South Carolina House of Representatives (1798–1800)
12	Файл:Henry Brockholst Livingston.jpg	Henry Brockholst Livingston	1st	Paterson	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts Шаблон:Efn – March 18, 1823 Шаблон:Small		Justice of the New York Supreme Court (1802–1807)
13	Файл:Thomas Todd SCOTUS.jpg	Thomas Todd	6th	(new seat)	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – February 7, 1826 Шаблон:Small		Chief Justice of the Kentucky Court of Appeals (1806–1807)
14	Файл:GabrielDuvall.jpg	Gabriel Duvall	4th	Chase	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – January 12, 1835 Шаблон:Small	James Madison	U.S. representative for Maryland's 2nd district (1794–1796)
15	Файл:Daguerreotype of Joseph Story, 1844 (edit).jpg	Joseph Story	2nd	Cushing	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – September 10, 1845 Шаблон:Small	James Madison	U.S. representative for Massachusetts's 2nd district (1808–1809)
16	Файл:SmithThompson.jpg	Smith Thompson	1st	Livingston	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts Шаблон:Efn – December 18, 1843 Шаблон:Small	James Monroe	6th United States secretary of the Navy (1819–1823)
17	Файл:RobertTrimble.jpg	Robert Trimble	6th	Todd	Шаблон:Dts (25–5)	Шаблон:Dts – August 25, 1828 Шаблон:Small	John Quincy Adams	Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Kentucky (1817–1826)
18	Файл:Justice John McLean daguerreotype by Mathew Brady 1849.jpg	John McLean	6th	Trimble	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – April 4, 1861 Шаблон:Small	Andrew Jackson	6th United States postmaster general (1823–1829)
19	Файл:Henry baldwin (justice).jpg	Henry Baldwin	3rd	Washington	Шаблон:Dts (41–2)	Шаблон:Dts – April 21, 1844 Шаблон:Small		U.S. representative for Pennsylvania's 14th district (1817–1822)
20	Файл:James Moore Wayne - Brady-Handy.jpg	James Moore Wayne	5th	W. Johnson	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – July 5, 1867 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small		U.S. representative for Georgia's at-large district (1829–1835)
21	Файл:PPBarbour.jpg	Philip P. Barbour	4th	Duvall	Шаблон:Dts (30–11)	Шаблон:Dts – February 25, 1841 Шаблон:Small		Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia (1830–1836)
22	Файл:John Catron - Brady-Handy.jpg	John Catron	7th	(new seat)	Шаблон:Dts (28–15)	Шаблон:Dts – May 30, 1865 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small		Judge of the Tennessee Supreme Court of Errors and Appeals (1824–1834)
23	Файл:John McKinley.jpg	John McKinley	8th	(new seat)	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts Шаблон:Efn – July 19, 1852 Шаблон:Small	Martin Van Buren	United States senator from Alabama (1826–1831, 1837)
24	Файл:Peter Vivian Daniel, US Supreme Court Justice, c1860 (cropped).jpg	Peter Vivian Daniel	4th	Barbour	Шаблон:Dts (25–5)	Шаблон:Dts – May 31, 1860 Шаблон:Small	Martin Van Buren	Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia (1836–1841)
25	Файл:Samuel Nelson - Brady-Handy.jpg	Samuel Nelson	1st	Thompson	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – November 28, 1872 Шаблон:Small	John Tyler	Chief Justice of the New York Supreme Court (1831–1845)
26	Файл:Levi Woodbury.jpg	Levi Woodbury	2nd	Story	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts Шаблон:Efn – September 4, 1851 Шаблон:Small	James K. Polk	13th United States secretary of the treasury (1834–1841)
27	Файл:Robert Cooper Grier - Brady-Handy.jpg	Robert Cooper Grier	3rd	Baldwin	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – January 31, 1870 Шаблон:Small	James K. Polk	Judge for the Pennsylvania state District Court for Allegheny County (1833–1846)
28	Файл:Benjamin Robbins Curtis - photo.png	Benjamin Robbins Curtis	2nd	Woodbury	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts Шаблон:Efn – September 30, 1857 Шаблон:Small	Millard Fillmore	Massachusetts state representative
29	Файл:John Archibald Campbell - Brady-Handy.jpg	John Archibald Campbell	8th	McKinley	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – April 30, 1861 Шаблон:Small	Franklin Pierce	Alabama state representative
30	Файл:NClifford.jpg	Nathan Clifford	2nd	Curtis	Шаблон:Dts (26–23)	Шаблон:Dts – July 25, 1881 Шаблон:Small	James Buchanan	19th United States attorney general (1846–1848)
31	Файл:Noah Haynes Swayne, photo, head and shoulders, seated.jpg	Noah Haynes Swayne	6th	McLean	Шаблон:Dts (38–1)	Шаблон:Dts – January 24, 1881 Шаблон:Small	Abraham Lincoln	U.S. attorney for the District of Ohio (1830–1834)
32	Файл:Samuel Freeman Miller - Brady-Handy.jpg	Samuel Freeman Miller	4th	Daniel	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – October 13, 1890 Шаблон:Small		Lawyer, Private practice
33	Файл:DDavis.jpg	David Davis	8th	Campbell	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts Шаблон:Efn – March 3, 1877 Шаблон:Small		Judge of the Illinois 3rd Circuit Court (1848–1862)
34	Файл:Stephen Johnson Field, photo half length seated, 1875.jpg	Stephen Johnson Field	9th	(new seat)	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – December 1, 1897 Шаблон:Small		5th chief justice of California (1859–1863)
35	Файл:William Strong judge - Brady-Handy.jpg	William Strong	3rd	Grier	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – December 14, 1880 Шаблон:Small	Ulysses S. Grant	U.S. representative for Pennsylvania's 9th district (1847–1851)
36	Файл:Joseph Philo Bradley - Brady-Handy.jpg	Joseph P. Bradley	10th	(new seat)	Шаблон:Dts (46–9)	Шаблон:Dts – January 22, 1892 Шаблон:Small		Lawyer, Private practice
37	Файл:Ward Hunt - Brady-Handy.jpg	Ward Hunt	1st	Nelson	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – January 27, 1882 Шаблон:Small		Chief Judge of the New York Court of Appeals (1868–1872)
38	Файл:JudgeJMHarlan.jpg	John Marshall Harlan	8th	Davis	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – October 14, 1911 Шаблон:Small	Rutherford B. Hayes	14th attorney general of Kentucky (1863–1867)
39	Файл:William Burnham Woods.jpg	William Burnham Woods	3rd	Strong	Шаблон:Dts (39–8)	Шаблон:Dts – May 14, 1887 Шаблон:Small	Rutherford B. Hayes	Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (1869–1880)
40	Файл:Thomas Stanley Matthews - Brady-Handy.jpg	Stanley Matthews	6th	Swayne	Шаблон:Dts (24–23)	Шаблон:Dts – March 22, 1889 Шаблон:Small	James A. Garfield	United States senator from Ohio (1877–1879)
41	Файл:Horacegrayphoto.jpg	Horace Gray	2nd	Clifford	Шаблон:Dts (51–5)	Шаблон:Dts – September 15, 1902 Шаблон:Small	Chester A. Arthur	Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court (1873–1881)
42	Файл:Samuel Blatchford.jpg	Samuel Blatchford	1st	Hunt	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – July 7, 1893 Шаблон:Small	Chester A. Arthur	Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (1878–1882)
43	Файл:Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar II - Brady-Handy.jpg	Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar II	3rd	Woods	Шаблон:Dts (32–28)	Шаблон:Dts – January 23, 1893 Шаблон:Small	Grover Cleveland	16th United States secretary of the interior (1885–1888)
44	Файл:DavidBrewer.jpg	David Josiah Brewer	6th	Matthews	Шаблон:Dts (53–11)	Шаблон:Dts – March 28, 1910 Шаблон:Small	Benjamin Harrison	Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit (1884–1889)
45	Файл:Henry Billings Brown 2.jpg	Henry Billings Brown	4th	Miller	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – May 28, 1906 Шаблон:Small		Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan (1875–1890)
46	Файл:George Shiras Jr.jpg	George Shiras Jr.	10th	Bradley	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – February 23, 1903 Шаблон:Small		Lawyer, Private practice
47	Файл:Justice Howell Jackson2.jpg	Howell Edmunds Jackson	3rd	L. Lamar	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – August 8, 1895 Шаблон:Small		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit (1891–1893)
48	Файл:Edward White, head-and-shoulders portrait, facing slightly left, 1905.jpg	Edward Douglass White	1st	Blatchford	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – December 18, 1910 (Continued as chief justice)Шаблон:Efn	Grover Cleveland	United States senator from Louisiana (1891–1894)
49	Файл:Rufus Wheeler Peckham cph.3b30513.jpg	Rufus W. Peckham	3rd	H. Jackson	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – October 24, 1909 Шаблон:Small	Grover Cleveland	Associate Judge of the New York Court of Appeals
50	Файл:Joseph McKenna (assoc justice).jpg	Joseph McKenna	9th	Field	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – January 5, 1925 Шаблон:Small	William McKinley	42nd United States attorney general (1897–1898)
51	Файл:Oliver Wendell Holmes, 1902.jpg	Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.	2nd	Gray	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – January 12, 1932 Шаблон:Small	Theodore Roosevelt	Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court (1899–1902)
52	Файл:William Rufus Day cph.3b31004.jpg	William R. Day	10th	Shiras	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – November 13, 1922 Шаблон:Small		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit (1899–1903)
53	Файл:WHMoody.jpg	William Henry Moody	4th	Brown	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – November 20, 1910 Шаблон:Small		45th United States attorney general (1904–1906)
54	Файл:HoraceHarmonLurton.jpg	Horace Harmon Lurton	3rd	Peckham	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – July 12, 1914 Шаблон:Small	William Howard Taft	Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit (1893–1909)
55	Файл:Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes.jpg	Charles Evans Hughes	6th	Brewer	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – June 10, 1916 (Resigned)Шаблон:Efn		36th governor of New York (1907–1910)
56	Файл:Willis Van Devanter.jpg	Willis Van Devanter	1st	E. White	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – June 2, 1937 Шаблон:Small		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit (1903–1910)
57	Файл:Joseph Lamar.jpg	Joseph Rucker Lamar	4th	Moody	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – January 2, 1916 Шаблон:Small		Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Georgia (1901–1905)
58	Файл:Mahlon Pitney cph.3b30300.jpg	Mahlon Pitney	8th	J. Harlan I	Шаблон:Dts (50–26)	Шаблон:Dts – December 31, 1922 Шаблон:Small		U.S. representative for New Jersey's 4th district (1895–1899)
59	Файл:Jamescmcreynolds.jpg	James Clark McReynolds	3rd	Lurton	Шаблон:Dts (44–6)	Шаблон:Dts – January 31, 1941 Шаблон:Small	Woodrow Wilson	48th United States attorney general (1913–1914)
60	Файл:Brandeisl.jpg	Louis Brandeis	4th	J. Lamar	Шаблон:Dts (47–22)	Шаблон:Dts – February 13, 1939 Шаблон:Small		Lawyer, Private practice: Brandeis Dunbar & Nutter^[15]
61	Файл:JohnHessinClarke.jpg	John Hessin Clarke	6th	Hughes	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – September 5, 1922 Шаблон:Small		Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio (1914–1916)
62	Файл:Justice George Sutherland 5.jpg	George Sutherland	6th	Clarke	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – January 17, 1938 Шаблон:Small	Warren G. Harding	United States senator from Utah (1905–1917)
63	Файл:Pierce Butler.jpg	Pierce Butler	10th	Day	Шаблон:Dts (61–8)	Шаблон:Dts – November 16, 1939 Шаблон:Small		President of the Minnesota State Bar Association
64	Файл:Justice Edward Terry Sanford.jpg	Edward Terry Sanford	8th	Pitney	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – March 8, 1930 Шаблон:Small		Judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee (1908–1923)
65	Файл:Chief Justice Harlan Fiske Stone photograph circa 1927-1932.jpg	Harlan F. Stone	9th	McKenna	Шаблон:Dts (71–6)	Шаблон:Dts – July 3, 1941 (Continued as chief justice)Шаблон:Efn	Calvin Coolidge	52nd United States attorney general (1924–1925)
66	Файл:Owen J. Roberts cph.3b11988.jpg	Owen Roberts	8th	Sanford	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – July 31, 1945 Шаблон:Small	Herbert Hoover	Assistant District Attorney for Philadelphia
67	Файл:Justice Benjamin N Cardozo 2.jpg	Benjamin N. Cardozo	2nd	Holmes	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – July 9, 1938 Шаблон:Small	Herbert Hoover	Chief Judge of the New York Court of Appeals (1927–1932)
68	Файл:HugoLaFayetteBlack.jpg	Hugo Black	1st	Van Devanter	Шаблон:Dts (63–16)	Шаблон:Dts – September 17, 1971 Шаблон:Small	Franklin D. Roosevelt	United States senator from Alabama (1927–1937)
69	Файл:Stanley Forman Reed.jpg	Stanley Forman Reed	6th	Sutherland	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – February 25, 1957 Шаблон:Small		22nd United States solicitor general (1935–1938)
70	Файл:Frankfurter-Felix-LOC.jpg	Felix Frankfurter	2nd	Cardozo	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – August 28, 1962 Шаблон:Small		Chairman of Harvard Law School
71	Файл:Justice William O Douglas.jpg	William O. Douglas	4th	Brandeis	Шаблон:Dts (62–4)	Шаблон:Dts – November 12, 1975 Шаблон:Small		3rd chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission (1937–1939)
72	Файл:Justice Frank Murphy.jpg	Frank Murphy	10th	Butler	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – July 19, 1949 Шаблон:Small		56th United States attorney general (1939–1940)
73	Файл:James F. Byrnes cph.3c32232.jpg	James F. Byrnes	3rd	McReynolds	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – October 3, 1942 Шаблон:Small		United States senator from South Carolina (1931–1941)
74	Файл:Roberthjackson.jpg	Robert H. Jackson	9th	Stone	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – October 9, 1954 Шаблон:Small		57th United States attorney general (1940–1941)
75	Файл:Wiley Rutledge.jpg	Wiley Blount Rutledge	3rd	Byrnes	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – September 10, 1949 Шаблон:Small		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (1939–1943)
76	Файл:Harold Burton.jpg	Harold Hitz Burton	8th	Roberts	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – October 13, 1958 Шаблон:Small	Harry S. Truman	United States senator from Ohio (1941–1945)
77	Файл:Official portrait of Associate Justice Tom C. Clark, Supreme Court of the United States (cropped).jpg	Tom C. Clark	10th	Murphy	Шаблон:Dts (73–8)	Шаблон:Dts – June 12, 1967 Шаблон:Small		59th United States attorney general (1945–1949)
78	Файл:Sherman Minton's official United States Supreme Court photograph.jpg	Sherman Minton	3rd	W. Rutledge	Шаблон:Dts (48–16)	Шаблон:Dts – October 15, 1956 Шаблон:Small		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (1941–1949)
79	Файл:John Marshall Harlan II official.jpg	John Marshall Harlan	9th	R. Jackson	Шаблон:Dts (71–11)	Шаблон:Dts – September 23, 1971 Шаблон:Small	Dwight D. Eisenhower	Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (1954–1955)
80	Файл:US Supreme Court Justice William Brennan - 1976 official portrait.jpg	William J. Brennan Jr.	3rd	Minton	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts Шаблон:Efn – July 20, 1990 Шаблон:Small		Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of New Jersey (1951–1956)
81	Файл:Charles Whittaker.jpg	Charles Evans Whittaker	6th	Reed	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – March 31, 1962 Шаблон:Small		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit (1956–1957)
82	Файл:US Supreme Court Justice Potter Stewart - 1976 official portrait.jpg	Potter Stewart	8th	Burton	Шаблон:Dts (70–17)	Шаблон:Dts Шаблон:Efn – July 3, 1981 Шаблон:Small		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit (1954–1958)
83	Файл:Justice White Official.jpg	Byron White	6th	Whittaker	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – June 28, 1993 Шаблон:Small	John F. Kennedy	4th United States deputy attorney general (1961–1962)
84	Файл:Arthur Goldberg (1971).jpg	Arthur Goldberg	2nd	Frankfurter	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – July 26, 1965 Шаблон:Small	John F. Kennedy	9th United States secretary of labor (1961–1962)
85	Файл:SCOTUS Justice Abe Fortas.jpeg	Abe Fortas	2nd	Goldberg	Шаблон:Dts (Acclamation)	Шаблон:Dts – May 14, 1969 Шаблон:Small	Lyndon B. Johnson	United States under secretary of the interior
86	Файл:Thurgood-marshall-2.jpg	Thurgood Marshall	10th	Clark	Шаблон:Dts (69–11)	Шаблон:Dts – October 1, 1991 Шаблон:Small	Lyndon B. Johnson	32nd solicitor general of the United States (1965–1967)
87	Файл:Justice Blackmun Official.jpg	Harry Blackmun	2nd	Fortas	Шаблон:Dts (94–0)	Шаблон:Dts – August 3, 1994 Шаблон:Small	Richard Nixon	Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit (1959–1970)
88	Файл:US Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell - 1976 official portrait.jpg	Lewis F. Powell Jr.	1st	Black	Шаблон:Dts (89–1)	Шаблон:Dts – June 26, 1987 Шаблон:Small		President of the American Bar Association (1964–1965)
89	Файл:William Rehnquist.jpg	William Rehnquist	9th	J. Harlan II	Шаблон:Dts (68–26)	Шаблон:Dts – September 26, 1986 (Continued as chief justice)Шаблон:Efn		United States assistant attorney general for the Office of Legal Counsel (1969–1971)
90	Файл:John Paul Stevens, SCOTUS photo portrait.jpg	John Paul Stevens	4th	Douglas	Шаблон:Dts (98–0)	Шаблон:Dts – June 29, 2010 Шаблон:Small	Gerald Ford	Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (1970–1975)
91	Файл:Sandra Day O'Connor.jpg	Sandra Day O'Connor	8th	Stewart	Шаблон:Dts (99–0)	Шаблон:Dts – January 31, 2006 Шаблон:Small	Ronald Reagan	Judge of the Arizona Court of Appeals (1979–1981)
92	Файл:Antonin Scalia Official SCOTUS Portrait crop.jpg	Antonin Scalia	9th	Rehnquist	Шаблон:Dts (98–0)	Шаблон:Dts – February 13, 2016 Шаблон:Small		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (1982–1986)
93	Файл:Anthony Kennedy official SCOTUS portrait.jpg	Anthony Kennedy	1st	Powell	Шаблон:Dts (97–0)	Шаблон:Dts – July 31, 2018 Шаблон:Small		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (1975–1988)
94	Файл:DavidSouter.jpg	David Souter	3rd	Brennan	Шаблон:Dts (90–9)	Шаблон:Dts – June 29, 2009 Шаблон:Small	George H. W. Bush	Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit (1990)
95	Файл:Clarence Thomas official SCOTUS portrait.jpg	Clarence Thomas	10th	Marshall	Шаблон:Dts (52–48)	Шаблон:Dts – Incumbent	George H. W. Bush	Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (1990–1991)
96	Файл:Ruth Bader Ginsburg 2016 portrait.jpg	Ruth Bader Ginsburg	6th	B. White	Шаблон:Dts (96–3)	Шаблон:Dts – Шаблон:Dts Шаблон:Small	Bill Clinton	Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (1980–1993)
97	Файл:Stephen Breyer, SCOTUS photo portrait.jpg	Stephen Breyer	2nd	Blackmun	Шаблон:Dts (87–9)	Шаблон:Dts – June 30, 2022 Шаблон:Small	Bill Clinton	Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit (1990–1994)
98	Файл:010 alito.jpg	Samuel Alito	8th	O'Connor	Шаблон:Dts (58–42)	Шаблон:Dts – Incumbent	George W. Bush	Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit (1990–2006)
99	Файл:Sonia Sotomayor in SCOTUS robe.jpg	Sonia Sotomayor	3rd	Souter	Шаблон:Dts (68–31)	Шаблон:Dts – Incumbent	Barack Obama	Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (1998–2009)
100	Файл:Elena Kagan Official SCOTUS Portrait (2013).jpg	Elena Kagan	4th	Stevens	Шаблон:Dts (63–37)	Шаблон:Dts – Incumbent	Barack Obama	45th solicitor general of the United States (2009–2010)
101	Файл:Associate Justice Neil Gorsuch Official Portrait.jpg	Neil Gorsuch	9th	Scalia	Шаблон:Dts (54–45)	Шаблон:Dts – Incumbent	Donald Trump	Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit (2006–2017)
102	Файл:Associate Justice Brett Kavanaugh Official Portrait (full length).jpg	Brett Kavanaugh	1st	Kennedy	Шаблон:Dts (50–48)	Шаблон:Dts – Incumbent		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (2006–2018)
103	Файл:Amy Coney Barrett official portrait.jpg	Amy Coney Barrett	6th	Ginsburg	Шаблон:Dts (52–48)	Шаблон:Dts – Incumbent		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (2017–2020)
104	Файл:KBJackson.jpg	Ketanji Brown Jackson	2nd	Breyer	Шаблон:Dts (53–47)	Шаблон:Dts – Incumbent	Joe Biden	Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (2021–2022)

Notes

Шаблон:Notelist

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Historic Supreme Court Decisions Шаблон:Sndby Justice, Legal Information Institute, Cornell University Law School
Supreme Court of the United States (website home page)

Шаблон:SCOTUS Justices Шаблон:SCOTUS horizontal Шаблон:US Order of Precedence

[1] Шаблон:Cite book

[2] Шаблон:Cite web

[salary-3] Шаблон:Cite web

[4] Шаблон:Cite web

[5] Шаблон:Cite web

[6] Шаблон:Cite web

[7] Шаблон:Cite web

[:2-8] Шаблон:Cite web

[:1-9] Шаблон:Cite web

[:0-10] Шаблон:Cite web

[11] Шаблон:Cite web

[12] Шаблон:Cite book

[13] Шаблон:Cite web

[14] Шаблон:Cite web

[15] Шаблон:Cite book

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

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[9]

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Английская Википедия:Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States

Содержание

Current associate justices

Retired associate justices

List of associate justices

Notes

References

Further reading

External links

Навигация

Действия на странице

Действия на странице

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