Английская Википедия:Astrothelium chulumanense

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Astrothelium chulumanense is a little-known species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in the Yungas montane forest of Bolivia, it was formally described as a new species in 2023. It is characterized by Шаблон:Lichengloss not differing in colour from the thallus, Шаблон:Lichengloss immersed for the most part in the thallus with the upper part elevated above and covered with orange pigment, apical and fused ostioles, the absence of lichexanthone, a clear Шаблон:Lichengloss, eight-spored asci, and large, Шаблон:Lichengloss ascospores with a thickened median septum.

Taxonomy

Astrothelium chulumanense for described as new to science in 2023 by lichenologists Adam Flakus, Martin Kukwa, and André Aptroot. The holotype was collected in the Sud Yungas Province of La Paz Department, Bolivia, near the Estación Biológica Santiago de Chirca, close to the town of Chulumani; the elevation was Шаблон:Convert. The species is named after its type locality.

Description

The thallus of Astrothelium chulumanense is Шаблон:Lichengloss, with an uneven and somewhat shiny surface. Шаблон:Lichengloss are raised above the thallus and are hemispherical to wart-shaped. The ascomata are in the form of Шаблон:Lichengloss; they are Шаблон:Lichengloss to hemispherical, and aggregated. The asci are 8-spored, and the Шаблон:Lichengloss are Шаблон:Lichengloss, hyaline, and densely Шаблон:Lichengloss, with a gelatinous layer in younger stages and a distinct thickened median septum.

The thallus surface and pseudostromata surface both exhibit an orange-yellow UV reaction. A trace of an unidentified substance was detected in the thallus by thin-layer chromatography. Results of standard chemical spot test are: K−, C−, KC−, in the thallus; UV+ (orange-yellow) in the surface of the thallus and the pseudostromata, and K+ (red) for the visible part of the perithecia.

Similar species

Astrothelium chulumanense is phylogenetically related and externally similar to A. robustum. Both species have ascomata with fused ostioles, but ascospores in A. robustum usually have between 5 and 7 septa (although sometimes as few as 3 or as many as 9). A. chulumanense can be distinguished from other similar Astrothelium species by its unique combination of characters, including pseudostromata not differing in colour from the thallus, the orange-yellow UV reaction, the absence of lichexanthone, perithecia immersed for the most part in the thallus, apical and fused ostioles, clear hamathecium, 8-spored asci, and large, muriform ascospores with median septa.

Habitat and distribution

Astrothelium chulumanense is currently known only from its type locality in the Yungas montane forest in Bolivia.