Английская Википедия:August Mors

August Mors (20 June 1921 – 8 August 1944) was a Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. On 6 August 1944, August Mors was severely wounded after attacking allied bombers. He bailed out, but died two days later on 8 August 1944. He was posthumously awarded the Knight's Cross on 20 October 1944. During his career he was credited with 60 aerial victories, 48 on the Eastern Front and 12 on the Western Front.

Career

Mors was born on 20 June 1921 in Sigmaringen, at the time in the Province of Hohenzollern within the Weimar Republic. Following completion of flight and fighter pilot training,Шаблон:Refn Mors was posted to the 6. Staffel (6th squadron) of Jagdgeschwader 5 (JG 5—5th Fighter Wing) in May 1942.Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn At the time, 6. Staffel was commanded by Oberleutnant Horst Carganico and subordinated to II. Gruppe (2nd group) of JG 5 headed by Major Hennig Strümpell. The Staffel was based at an airfield at Petsamo, present-day Pechenga in Murmansk Oblast, Soviet Union on the Eismeerfront (Ice Sea Front)—the area of operations nearest the Arctic Ocean. On 1 June, Strümpell was transferred and command of II. Gruppe was given to Carganico. In consequence, 6. Staffel command was passed on to Oberleutnant Hans-Diether Hartwein.Шаблон:Sfn During this period, II. Gruppe received the Messerschmitt Bf 109 F-4. Training on this aircraft was done in small groups at Pori Airfield in Finland.Шаблон:Sfn

War on the Arctic Front

Файл:Petsamo.png

Area of operations.

On 27 September 1942, Mors claimed his first aerial victory. At 14:55, elements of II. Gruppe escorted Messerschmitt Bf 110 heavy fighters to Vayenga. On this mission, Mors was the wingman of Theodor Weissenberger and shot down a Hawker Hurricane fighter.Шаблон:Sfn On 6 January 1943, the Gruppe received the first Bf 109 G-2 variant. Mors was one of the pilots who shuttled one of the aircraft from Krasnogvardeysk, present-day Gatchina, to Alakurtti Air Field.Шаблон:Sfn Three days later, on a mission to Kandalaksha, Mors claimed a Hurricane and a Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3 fighter.Шаблон:Sfn For this he was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd Class (Шаблон:Lang).Шаблон:Sfn On 8 June, Mors claimed three "Typhoon" fighters shot down. According to Mombeek, the Hawker Typhoon fighter was never deployed on the Artic theater. The author assumed that the "Typhoon" refers to the LaGG-3 fighter.Шаблон:Sfn For these claims, Mors received the Iron Cross 1st Class (Шаблон:Lang).Шаблон:Sfn

Following aerial combat Шаблон:Convert northwest of Murmashi on 15 June 1943, Mors was forced to bail out of his Bf 109 G-2 (Werknummer 13 764—factory number), sustaining minor injuries. At first, he was reported as missing in action as all search attempts failed. Three days later, Mors was spotted and rescued by an Arado Ar 196 aircraft and returned to his unit.Шаблон:Sfn Following his return, Mors was given a few days of convalescence.Шаблон:Sfn On 6 August, 6. Staffel moved to an airfield named Pontsalenjoki, located west of Pyaozersky. That evening, Mors claimed two Curtiss P-40 Warhawk fighters shot down.Шаблон:Sfn

In November 1943, II. Gruppe was ordered to relocate further south to the front near Nevel, Leningrad and Lake Ilmen. Relocating from Pskov, 6. Staffel arrived at their new airfield at Idritsa on 11 November 1943 and was in action again on 17 November.Шаблон:Sfn In March 1944, II. Gruppe was transferred to the far north again, arriving at Alakurtti Air Field on 15 March.Шаблон:Sfn Here on 20 March, Mors became an "ace-in-a-day" when he claimed eight aerial victories, six Ilyushin Il-2 ground-attack aircraft and two P-40 fighters.Шаблон:Sfn On 13 April, Mors claimed three Yakovlev Yak-9 fighters shot down on a Junkers Ju 87 dive bomber escort mission.Шаблон:Sfn The following day, he received the German Cross in Gold (Шаблон:Lang) for 48 aerial victories claimed.Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn

Invasion of Normandy and death

When in early June 1944, Hauptmann Weissenberger was appointed commander of I. Gruppe of JG 5, Weissenberger had four experienced pilots from II. Gruppe transferred as well, one of which was Mors.Шаблон:Sfn On 6 June, the Allied invasion of Normandy began. To counter the invasion, elements of I. Gruppe of JG 5 were transported to France by train that afternoon. The ground personnel were flown on Junkers Ju 52s to their airfield at Montdidier, Шаблон:Convert south of Amiens.Шаблон:Sfn On 2 July, I. Gruppe relocated to a makeshift airfield at Frières-Faillouël.Шаблон:Sfn Here on 7 July, I. Gruppe took off at 18:15 and engaged a formation of approximately 20 United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) Republic P-47 Thunderbolt fighters. During the course of this encounter, Mors was credited with the destruction of a P-47 fighter, probably belonging to the 362d Fighter Group.Шаблон:Sfn

Due to the advancing American and British forces, I. Gruppe had to abandon the airfield at Frières-Faillouël and relocated to an airfield at Arpajon-Brétigny-sur-Orge on 5 August. The following day, Mors and Leutnant Alfred Lehner took off on a fighter escort mission. While airborne, the orders were changed and the two pilots were ordered to intercept a heavy bomber formation north of Paris. At 12:20, Mors reported the destruction of a heavy bomber near Beaumont-sur-Oise, his 60th and last aerial victory. However, both Mors' and Lehner's aircraft were hit by defensive gunfire. Lehner managed to make crash landing, sustaining burn injuries to his face, a broken nose and a concussion.Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Mors however managed to bail out of his Bf 109 G-6 (Werknummer 165 881).Шаблон:Sfn Just as he had left the aircraft, he was hit by a bullet in the lung. He came down in a forest near Ully-Saint-Georges where he was recovered a few hours later still entangled in a tree. Both Mors and Lehner were taken to a hospital in Clichy. There, Mors succumbed to his injuries in the night 8/9 August. On 11 August, he was buried at the Ivry Cemetery,Шаблон:Sfn later reinterred at the Champigny-Saint-André German war cemetery (plot 3—row 9—grave 756).Шаблон:Sfn Posthumously, Mors was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Шаблон:Lang) on 24 October 1944.Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn

Summary of career

Aerial victory claims

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Mors was credited with 60 aerial victories.Шаблон:Sfn Spick also lists him with 60 aerial victories, 48 of which on the Eastern Front and 12 over the Western Allies, including one four-engine heavy bomber, claimed in an unknown number of combat missions.Шаблон:Sfn Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 58 aerial victory claims, plus three further unconfirmed claims. This figure includes 48 aerial victories on the Eastern Front and another 10 on the Western Front.Шаблон:Sfn

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 37 Ost UH". The Luftwaffe grid map (Шаблон:Lang) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about Шаблон:Convert. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area Шаблон:Convert in size.Шаблон:Sfn

Chronicle of aerial victories
Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend
Claim	Date	Time	Type	Location	Claim	Date	Time	Type	Location
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 5 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front and northern Norway, and Finland — May – 31 December 1942
1	27 September 1942	~15:00	Hurricane Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 5 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front and northern Norway, and Finland — 1 January – 31 December 1943
2	8 January 1943?Шаблон:Refn	~10:00	HurricaneШаблон:Sfn	Kandalaksha Шаблон:Sfn	9	15 June 1943	~23:00	P-39 Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn
3	8 January 1943?^{[Note 1]}	~10:00	LaGG-3 Шаблон:Sfn	KandalakshaШаблон:Sfn	10	9 August 1943	20:19	I-153 Шаблон:Sfn?Шаблон:Refn	east of Loukhi-3 (air base)Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Center	25 January 1943	Шаблон:Center	HurricaneШаблон:Sfn		11	9 August 1943	20:24	I-153?^{[Note 2]}	south of Loukhi-3 (air base)Шаблон:Sfn
4	13 April 1943	17:00+	P-39Шаблон:Sfn	vicinity of Murmashi	12	23 September 1943	12:57	P-39Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 37 Ost UHШаблон:Sfn
5	29 April 1943	~11:00	P-39Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn		13	23 September 1943	13:08	P-39Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 37 Ost UHШаблон:Sfn
6	8 June 1943	Шаблон:Center	Typhoon Шаблон:Sfn?^{[Note 2]}		14	24 September 1943	08:51	HurricaneШаблон:Sfn	PQ 36 Ost AGШаблон:Sfn
7	8 June 1943	Шаблон:Center	TyphoonШаблон:Sfn?^{[Note 2]}		15	24 September 1943	09:08	HurricaneШаблон:Sfn	PQ 36 Ost AGШаблон:Sfn
8	8 June 1943	Шаблон:Center	TyphoonШаблон:Sfn?^{[Note 2]}
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 5 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — 1 January – 21 May 1944
16	14 January 1944	11:50	Il-2 Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 35 Ost 16797Шаблон:Sfn	33♠	20 March 1944	09:58	P-40	south of Lake KamenonjeШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Refn
17	19 January 1944	13:50	Il-2Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 35 Ost 07534Шаблон:Sfn	34♠	20 March 1944	15:02	Il-2Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 36 Ost JD-4/5Шаблон:Sfn
18	25 January 1944	14:15	Yak-9 Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 35 Ost 19377Шаблон:Sfn	35♠	20 March 1944	15:03	Il-2Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 36 Ost JD-4/5Шаблон:Sfn
19	1 February 1944	10:54	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 09719Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn	36♠	20 March 1944	15:04	Il-2Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 36 Ost JD-4/1Шаблон:Sfn
20	14 February 1944	11:47	Il-2	PQ 26 Ost 70688,Шаблон:Sfn west-southwest of Narva Шаблон:Sfn	37♠	20 March 1944	15:05	Il-2Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 36 Ost JE-5/4Шаблон:Sfn
21	14 February 1944	11:50	Il-2	PQ 26 Ost 70833,Шаблон:Sfn southwest of NarvaШаблон:Sfn	38	25 March 1944	09:22	Yak-9Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 36 Ost JB-3/3Шаблон:Sfn
22	27 February 1944	11:34	Il-2	PQ 25 Ost 87665Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn	39	25 March 1944	09:24	Yak-9Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 36 Ost JC-1/6Шаблон:Sfn
23	27 February 1944	15:27	Il-2Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 25 Ost 97722Шаблон:Sfn	40	25 March 1944	09:28	Yak-9Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 36 Ost JB-6/6Шаблон:Sfn
24	27 February 1944	15:30	LaGG-3	PQ 25 Ost 97811Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of PustoschkaШаблон:Sfn	41	4 April 1944	18:21	Yak-9	northeast of Nischnij-WermannШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Refn
25	16 March 1944	12:04	Yak-9Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 36 Ost JD-4/3Шаблон:Sfn	42	4 April 1944	18:23?Шаблон:Refn	Yak-9	northeast of Nischnij-WermannШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn
26	17 March 1944	10:33	Yak-9Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 36 Ost JD-2/6Шаблон:Sfn	43	9 April 1944	10:10	Yak-9Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 37 Ost JC-9/5Шаблон:Sfn
27	17 March 1944	13:05	Yak-9Шаблон:Sfn	Lake TolwandШаблон:Sfn	44	12 April 1944	09:03	Yak-9Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 36 Ost JC-9/9Шаблон:Sfn
28	18 March 1944	14:34	Yak-9Шаблон:Sfn	northwest of Njamosero railway stationШаблон:Sfn	45	12 April 1944	09:04	Yak-9Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 36 Ost JB-4/9Шаблон:Sfn
29	18 March 1944	14:36	Yak-9Шаблон:Sfn	northwest of Njamosero railway stationШаблон:Sfn	46	13 April 1944	19:56	Yak-9Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 36 Ost JD-8/4Шаблон:Sfn
30♠	20 March 1944	09:52	Il-2	northwest of northwest of Nischnij-WermannШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn	47	13 April 1944	19:57	Yak-9Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 36 Ost JC-7/3Шаблон:Sfn
31♠	20 March 1944	09:52	Il-2	northwest of northwest of Nischnij-WermannШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn	48	13 April 1944	19:58	Yak-9Шаблон:Sfn	PQ 36 Ost JC-7/5Шаблон:Sfn
32♠	20 March 1944	09:57	Il-2?Шаблон:Refn	east of northwest of Nischnij-WermannШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn
– I. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 5 –Шаблон:Sfn Invasion of France — 6 June – 8 August 1944
49	7 July 1944	18:33	P-47	PQ 05 Ost S/RF-5/3Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Rosières-en-Santerre	55	19 July 1944	20:23	Typhoon	PQ 15 West S/UU-4/5Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Caen
50	13 July 1944	18:27	Typhoon	PQ 05 Ost S/TA-5/4Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Triqueville	56	19 July 1944	20:25	Typhoon	PQ 15 West S/UU-4/5Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Caen
51	14 July 1944	14:57	P-47	PQ 05 Ost S/UB-5/9Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Rivière-Thibouville	57	19 July 1944	20:28	Typhoon	PQ 05 Ost S/UA-3/5Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Lisieux
52	18 July 1944	09:31	P-38	PQ 04 Ost N/AB-6Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Le Neubourg	58	25 July 1944	11:00	Spitfire	PQ 05 Ost S/TC-9/8Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Les Andelys
53	18 July 1944	09:32	P-38	PQ 04 Ost N/AB-6Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Le Neubourg	Шаблон:Center?Шаблон:Refn	4 August 1944	18:17	P-47Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn	Nogent-le-Rotrou
54	18 July 1944	09:37	P-38	PQ 05 Ost S/TC-5/6Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Fleury-sur-Andelle	Шаблон:Center?Шаблон:Refn	6 August 1944	12:20	B-17 or B-24 Шаблон:Sfn	Beaumont-sur-Oise

Awards

Iron Cross (1939) 2nd and 1st ClassШаблон:Sfn
German Cross in Gold on 14 April 1944 as Feldwebel in the 6./Jagdgeschwader 5Шаблон:Sfn
Honor Goblet of the Luftwaffe on 15 May 1944 as Feldwebel and pilotШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Refn
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 20 October 1944 as Leutnant and pilot in the 1./Jagdgeschwader 5Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Refn

Notes

Шаблон:Reflist

References

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

Шаблон:Refbegin

Шаблон:Refend

Шаблон:Subject bar

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[Note 1]

[Note 2]

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Английская Википедия:August Mors

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