Английская Википедия:Auto-trolling
Auto-trolling, self-cyberbullying, digital Munchausen or digital self-harm is a form of self-abuse on the Internet.[2][3] It is usually done by teenagers posting fake insults on social media, attacking themselves to elicit attention and sympathy.[2] A study in 2012 found that about 35 per cent of those who did this felt better.[2][1] Studies in 2016 and 2019 found an increase in prevalence in American adolescents rising from 6 to 9 per cent.[3][4][5] In a 2011 study, boys were more likely than girls to admit to digital self-bullying.[6] In a 2022 study published by researchers Justin Patchin, Sameer Hinduja, and Ryan Meldrum,[7] US youth who engaged in digital self-harm were between five and seven times more likely to have considered suicide and between nine and fifteen times more likely to have attempted suicide.
In the UK, a woman was cautioned in 2009 for trolling herself on Facebook and then jailed for 20 months for repeat offences during 2011–12.Шаблон:R
Though digital self-harm can be done in various ways, it is usually done in a public or semi-public setting.[8] Researchers Rinjani Soengkoeng and Ahmed Moustafa suggest that there are three types of digital self-harm.[9] These are:
- social development (either determine if one's friends would defend them or prove one's resilience)
- personal gain (sympathy or entertainment)
- manifestation of negative emotions (which can derive from mental health issues,stressors, or social rejection).[9]
These appear to be common reasons for digital self harm according to Sameer Hinduja and Justin W. Patchin's 2017 study of American middle and high school students.[10]
Contributing Factors
Common correlations to digital self-harm include bullying,[11] depression, negative emotionality, and sleep deprivation.[12][13][14] There is also research that suggests digital self-harm and physical self-harm have similar causes and motivations.[15] The two seem to be positively associated with physical self-harm[16] and suicidal thoughts and behaviors.[17]
Prevention
Identifying and preventing digital self-harm is arguably more difficult than its offline counterpart. For one, it is hard for parents to monitor their child's online presence.[14] Taking away internet access completely is usually impractical, as the internet is important for gaining important information from the outside world.[18][8] There is a need to create strategies for digital self-harm prevention, as it is not the same as physical self harm or suicide.[18] Due to anonymous apps such as Yik Yak, Whisper, and Secret, it is more difficult to track digital self-harm without possible invasion of privacy. Research by Dr. Sujita Kumar Kar suggests that "calling out" the behavior of digital-self harm may be counterproductive.[12] Instead, encouragement to change online behavior may more beneficial in the long term.[12]
References
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокEE
не указан текст - ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокBBC
не указан текст - ↑ 3,0 3,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокEcon
не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокNPR
не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокPatchin
не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокCorish
не указан текст - ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 8,0 8,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокunderstandingdigitalsh
не указан текст - ↑ 9,0 9,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокcurrentliterature
не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокadolescenthealth
не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокcyberbullyprevention
не указан текст - ↑ 12,0 12,1 12,2 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокteenscyberbully
не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокindirecteffects
не указан текст - ↑ 14,0 14,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокsleepduration
не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокonlinevictims
не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокsuicideprevention
не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокriskfactors
не указан текст - ↑ 18,0 18,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокdigitalshprevention
не указан текст