Английская Википедия:Autonomous prefecture

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Autonomous prefectures (Шаблон:Zh) are one type of autonomous administrative divisions of China, existing at the prefectural level, with either ethnic minorities forming over 50% of the population or being the historic home of significant minorities. Autonomous prefectures are mostly majority Han Chinese by population. The official name of an autonomous prefecture includes the most significant minority in that region, sometimes two, rarely three. For example, a Kazakh (Kazak in official naming system) prefecture may be called Kazak Zizhizhou. Like all other prefectural level divisions, autonomous prefectures are divided into county level divisions. There is one exception: Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture contains two prefectures of its own. Under the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, autonomous prefectures cannot be abolished.

Autonomous administrative divisions

Файл:Autonomous rule divisions in China.png

Map of all minority regions under autonomous rule designated by the Central Government Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend

The PRC's autonomous administrative divisions may be found in the first (or top) to third levels of its national administrative divisions thus:

Level	Type	Chinese	Pinyin	Number as of June 2005
Province (1)	Autonomous regions	Шаблон:Lang	Шаблон:Transl	5
Prefecture (2)	Autonomous prefectures	Шаблон:Lang	Шаблон:Transl	30
County (3)	Autonomous counties	Шаблон:Lang	Шаблон:Transl	117
	Autonomous banners	Шаблон:Lang	Шаблон:Transl	3

List of autonomous prefectures

Province	Name	Simplified Chinese and Pinyin	Designated minority	Local name	Capital
Gansu	Linxia	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Hui	(The Hui speak Chinese) Xiao'erjing: Шаблон:Script/Arabic	Linxia city
Gansu	Gannan	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Tibetan	Tibetan: Шаблон:Bo-textonly (Kan-lho Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul)	Hezuo (Hzö) city
Guizhou	Qiandongnan	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Miao and Dong	Hmu: Qeef Dongb Naif Dol Yat Hmub Zid Zid Zeb Dong: Qeenc Dongs Nanc Nyenc Miiul Nyenc Gaeml Zil Zl Zous	Kaili (Kad Linx) city
Guizhou	Qiannan	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Bouyei and Miao	Bouyei: Qianfnanf Buxqyaix Buxyeeuz ziqziqzouy Hmu: Qeef Naif Dol Yat Dol Hmub Zid Zid Zeb	Duyun city
Guizhou	Qianxinan	Шаблон:Nowrap Шаблон:Transl	Bouyei and Miao	Bouyei: Qianfxiynanf Buxqyaix Buxyeeuz Ziqziqzouy Hmu: Qeef Xib Naif Dol Yat Dol Hmub Zid Zid Zeb	Xingyi city
Hubei	Enshi	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Tujia and Miao	Tujia: Eng Shiv Bif Ziv Kar hev Bef Kar zouf xengv zuvз Hmong: Ee Si Thws Ca Txhwj Mioj Txhwj Txim Tsim Tsawb	Enshi city
Hunan	Xiangxi	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Tujia and Miao	Tujia: Xiз’angv Xif Bif Ziv Kar hev Bef Kar zouf xengv zuvз Hmong: Xyaa Xyi Thws Ca Txhwj Mioj Txhwj Txim Tsim Tsawb	Jishou city
Jilin	Yanbian	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Korean	Шаблон:Korean (Yeonbyeon Joseonjok Jachiju)	Yanji (Yeongil) city
Qinghai	Haibei	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Tibetan	Tibetan: Шаблон:Bo-textonly (Mtsho-byang Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul)	Haiyan County
Qinghai	Hainan	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Tibetan	Tibetan: Шаблон:Bo-textonly (Mtsho-lho Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul)	Gonghe County
Qinghai	Huangnan	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Tibetan	Tibetan: Шаблон:Bo-textonly (Rma-lho Bod-rigs rang skyong khul)	Tongren city
Qinghai	Golog	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Tibetan	Tibetan: Шаблон:Bo-textonly (Mgo-log Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul)	Maqên County
Qinghai	Yushu	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Tibetan	Tibetan: Шаблон:Bo-textonly (Yul-shul Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul)	Yushu city
Qinghai	Haixi	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Mongolian & Tibetan	Mongolian: Шаблон:Mongolunicode (Borotal a-yin mongγol ebereen öbertegen zasaqu ǰuu) Tibetan: Шаблон:Bo-textonly (Mtsho-nub Sog-rigs dang Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul)	Delingha (Delhi) city
Sichuan	Ngawa	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Tibetan & Qiang	Tibetan: Шаблон:Bo-textonly (Rnga-ba Bod-rigs dang Chavang-rigs rang skyong khul) Qiangic: Ggabba Shbea Rrmea nyujugvez zhou	Barkam city
Sichuan	Garzê	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Tibetan	Tibetan: Шаблон:Bo-textonly (Dkar-mdzes Bod-rigs rang-skyong khul)	Kangding (Dartsedo) city
Sichuan	Liangshan	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Yi	Шаблон:Lang-ii (Niepsha Nuosu Zytjiejux dde Zho)	Xichang (Op Rro) city
Xinjiang	Kizilsu	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Kyrgyz	Kyrgyz: Шаблон:Script/Arabic (Kızılsuu Kırgız avtonom oblastı)	Artux city
Xinjiang	Bortala	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Mongolian	Mongolian: Шаблон:MongolUnicode (Borotala mongγol ebereen zasaqu ǰuu)	Bole (Bortala) city
Xinjiang	Changji	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Hui	(The Hui speak Chinese) Xiao'erjing: Шаблон:Script/Arabic	Changji city
Xinjiang	Bayingolin	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Mongolian	Mongolian: Шаблон:MongolUnicode (Bayangol mongγol ebereen zasaqu ǰuu)	Korla city
Xinjiang	Ili (Altay) (Tacheng)	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl (Шаблон:Lang) (Шаблон:Transl) (Шаблон:Lang) (Шаблон:Transl)	Kazakh	Kazakh: Шаблон:Lang (İle Qazaq awtonomïyalıq oblısı) (Kazakh: Шаблон:Lang) (Altay aymağı) (Kazakh: Шаблон:Lang) (Tarbağatay aymağı)	Yining (Ghulja) city (Altay city) (Tacheng city)
Yunnan	Dehong	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Dai and Jingpo	Tai Nüa - Шаблон:Lang (Sakhkung Sam Jinghpo Amyu Madu Uphkang Mungdo) Zaiwa:Шаблон:Lang	Mangshi city
Yunnan	Nujiang	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Lisu	Lisu: ꓠꓳ-ꓟꓵ ꓡꓲ-ꓢꓴ ꓫꓵꓽ ꓚꓲꓸ ꓛꓬꓽ ꓗꓪꓼ ꓫꓵꓽ ꓝꓳꓴ (Nolmut lisu shit jilqait guatshit zhou)	Lushui city
Yunnan	Dêqên (Diqing)	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Tibetan	Tibetan: Шаблон:Bo-textonly (Bde-chen Bod-rigs rang-skyong khul)	Shangri-La city
Yunnan	Dali	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Bai	Bai: Darl•lit Baif•cuf zirl•zirl•zox	Dali city
Yunnan	Chuxiong	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Yi	Шаблон:Lang-ii (Olu Nuosu Zytjiejux dde Zho)	Chuxiong city
Yunnan	Honghe	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Hani and Yi	Hani: Haoqhoq Haqniqssaq Haqhholssaq Ziiqziifzel Шаблон:Lang-ii (Hopho Nuosu Zytjiejux dde Zho)	Mengzi city
Yunnan	Wenshan	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Zhuang and Miao	Шаблон:Lang-za Hmong: Veej Sa Tsuaam Txhwj Mioj Txhwj Txim Tsim Tsawb	Wenshan city
Yunnan	Xishuangbanna (Sibsongbanna)	Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transl	Dai	Шаблон:Lang-khb	Jinghong city

Ethnic composition of autonomous prefectures

Note: * - denotes as the second titular ethnic group

Autonomous prefecture	Year established	Province	Titular ethnic group			Other minorities			Han %		Total population
				% 2000	% 2010		% 2000	% 2010	2000	2010
Bayingolin Prefecture	1954	Xinjiang	Mongolian	3.40	3.40	Uyghur	31.83	31.83	59.29	59.29	1 323 028
Bortala Prefecture	1954	Xinjiang	Mongolian	5.64	5.66	Uyghur	12.53	13.32	67.19	64.96	482 615
Changji Prefecture	1954	Xinjiang	Hui	11.55	9.52	Kazakh	7.98	9.33	75.14	75.31	1 412 844
Chuxiong Prefecture	1958	Yunnan	Yi	26.31	26.70	Lisu	2.03	1.98	67.45	66.94	2 615 109
Dali Prefecture	1956	Yunnan	Bai	32.80	32.19	Yi	12.94	13.02	50.35	50.69	3 525 706
Dehong Prefecture	1953	Yunnan	Dai	30.14	28.88	Jingpo*	11.53	11.09	50.66	51.93	1 124 432
Dêqên (Diqing) Prefecture	1957	Yunnan	Tibetan	33.12	32.36	Lisu	27.78	26.72	16.39	18.34	357 528
Enshi Prefecture	1983	Hubei	Tujia	45.00	47.50	Miao*	5.45	5.01	47.24	45.32	3 976 081
Gannan Prefecture	1953	Gansu	Tibetan	51.44	54.64	Hui	6.43	6.25	41.75	38.70	723 521
Garzê Prefecture	1950	Sichuan	Tibetan	78.37	78.29	Yi	2.56	2.66	18.24	18.24	1 060 632
Golog Prefecture	1954	Qinghai	Tibetan	91.63	91.86	Hui	1.11	0.96	6.59	6.57	173 541
Haibei Prefecture	1953	Qinghai	Tibetan	24.15	24.36	Hui	30.58	31.52	36.63	35.88	283 230
Hainan Prefecture	1953	Qinghai	Tibetan	62.77	66.31	Hui	6.97	6.84	28.06	24.84	446 849
Haixi Prefecture	1954	Qinghai	Mongol	7.23	5.53	Tibetan*	12.16	10.93	64.95	66.01	390 743
Honghe Prefecture	1957	Yunnan	Hani	16.60	17.55	Yi*	23.57	23.19	44.31	42.85	4 408 699
Huangnan Prefecture	1953	Qinghai	Tibetan	66.32	68.55	Mongol	13.54	13.98	7.54	6.08	254 033
Ili Prefecture	1954	Xinjiang	Kazakh		21.53	Uyghur		26.88		35.22	2 814 980
Kizilsu Prefecture	1954	Xinjiang	Kyrgyz	28.32	27.32	Uyghur	63.98	64.68	6.41	6.78	539 849
Liangshan Prefecture	1952	Sichuan	Yi	44.43	49.13	Tibetan	1.49	1.39	51.97	47.55	4 789 421
Linxia Prefecture	1956	Gansu	Hui		31.59	Dongxiang		25.99		39.70	2 103 259
Ngawa Prefecture	1953	Sichuan	Tibetan	53.72	54.50	Qiang*	18.28	17.58	24.69	24.56	898 846
Nujiang Prefecture	1954	Yunnan	Lisu	47.13	48.21	Bai	26.97	26.04	13.13	12.35	520 765
Qiandongnan Prefecture	1956	Guizhou	Miao	41.48	41.57	Dong*	31.40	29.02	19.3	21.73	4 535 015
Qiannan Prefecture	1956	Guizhou	Buyei	32.46	31.22	Miao*	13.37	12.69	43.37	44.84	4 037 887
Qianxinan Prefecture	1982	Guizhou	Buyei	30.04	27.56	Miao*	7.51	7.08	57.53	60.62	3 398 147
Wenshan Prefecture	1958	Yunnan	Miao	12.94	13.68	Zhuang*	30.04	29.20	41.99	42.69	3 703 008
Xiangxi Prefecture	1957	Hunan	Tujia		42.73	Miao*		33.85		22.85	2 547 833
Xishuangbanna (Sibsongbanna) Prefecture	1953	Yunnan	Dai	29.89	27.89	Hani	18.73	19.01	29.11	30.03	942 844
Yanbian Prefecture	1952	Jilin	Korean	36.26	32.45	Manchu	2.58	2.52	60.70	64.55	2 190 763
Yushu Prefecture	1951	Qinghai	Tibetan		96.49	Hui		0.22		3.09	373 427

Former autonomous prefectures of China

• Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (1952–1988) in Guangdong, abolished because of the establishment of Hainan Province.
• Hedong Hui Autonomous Prefecture (1954–1955) in Gansu, later changed name as Wuzhong Hui Autonomous Prefecture (1955–1958), abolished because of the establishment of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.
• Xihaigu Hui Autonomous Prefecture (1953–1955) in Gansu, later changed name as Guyuan Hui Autonomous Prefecture (1955–1958), abolished because of the establishment of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.
• Guixi Zhuang Autonomous Prefecture (sub-provincial level, 1953–1955) in Guangxi Province, abolished because of the establishment of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
• Bayinhot Mongol Autonomous Prefecture (1954–1956) in Gansu, included today's Dengkou County and Alxa League. The autonomy abolished after it merged into Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

Administrative prefecture level units with a population of 30% or more of ethnic minorities

Excluding prefecture level units of autonomous regions in 2000.

• Hebei: Chengde (Han - 55.32%, Manchu - 39.87%)
• Liaoning: Benxi (Han - 66.84%, Manchu - 30.22%), Dandong (Han - 64.11%, Manchu - 32.99%)
• Hunan: Zhangjiajie (Tujia - 68.40%, Han - 22.81%), Huaihua (Han - 61.33%, Dong - 17.42%, Miao - 15.63%)
• Guizhou: Anshun (Han - 61.6%, Buyei - 16.92%, Miao - 14.27%), Tongren (Tujia - 37.81%, Han - 31.76%, Miao - 14.87%, Dong - 11.41%)
• Yunnan: Yuxi (Han - 68,18%, Yi - 19,32%), Pu'er (Han - 40,92%, Hani - 16,98%, Yi - 16.58%, Lahu - 11.47%), Lijiang (Han - 42.71%, Nakhi 20.51%, Yi - 18.68%, Lisu - 9.62%), Lincang (Han - 61.22%, Dai - 15.77%, Lahu and Va - 9.76%)
• Qinghai: Haidong (Han - 56.33%, Hui - 20.38%, Tibetan - 9.2%, Tu - 8.06%)

See also

• List of prefecture-level divisions of China
• Tusi Native Chieftain System
• Autonomous regions of China

External links

• Regional Autonomy for Ethnic Minorities in China