The autumn trial system (Шаблон:Lang-zh) was a special judicial system in the Qing dynasty of China. During the Qing dynasty, people who committed crimes like subversion and treason were sentenced to death (Шаблон:Lang-zh). In such cases, typically, criminals could not be amnestied. Nevertheless, people who committed crimes, like murdering a junior member in the family, might be sentenced to death penalty with a suspension Шаблон:NoteTag, called "Zhan Jianhou" or "Jiao Jianhou" in Chinese (Шаблон:Lang-zh). In such cases, the officers in the Board of Justice (Шаблон:Lang-zh), the Court of Judicature and Revision (Шаблон:Lang-zh), and the "Court of Justice" (Шаблон:Lang-zh) would determine whether to execute criminals sentenced to "Zhan Jianhou" or "Jiao Jianhou" in the autumn by a procedure called the "autumn trial" (Шаблон:Lang-zh).[1][2]
After the autumn trial, around 10-20 percent of criminals sentenced to "Zhan Jianhou" or "Jiao Jianhou" would be executed, while other criminals could typically obtain a commutation or a suspension for one more year. A criminal having obtained suspensions in the autumn trial system for several times might also obtain a commutation de facto.[3][4]
