Английская Википедия:BAV 485
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox automobile
The ZIS-485, army designation BAV (Russian, БАВ, большой автомобиль водоплавающий - bolshoi avtomobil vodoplavayushchiy, big floating vehicle), is a Soviet amphibious transport, a copy of the WWII American DUKW.
During World War II, the Soviets received 586 DUKW-353 amphibious trucks under the Lend-Lease Act.[1] The design was regarded as successful, so it was decided to build a similar domestic vehicle. Due to lack of own experience, the DUKW was copied, although with improvements enhancing its capability.Шаблон:Citation needed The prototype was built in 1949 in ZIS subsidiary DAZ in Dnepropetrovsk, but a production started at ZIS factory, as ZIS-485.[1] Introduced in 1952,[2] it was intended to complement the GAZ-46 4x4 amphibious reconnaissance vehicle, but using the ZIS-151 6x6 truck (also used in the BTR-152)[3] as its basis.[2] Similar in size to the DUKW, which it resembles, the BAV has a rear tail gate making loading and unloading easier, rather than all cargo being loaded over the side by crane. Also a platform was enlarged by 1/3, to 10.44 m².[1]
Initially based on ZIS-151 truck, after the introduction of the improved ZIL-157 the vehicle was modernized using its components now bearing the designation ZIL-485A (army designation was BAV-A). Its production started in 1958, but it ceased in ZIL factory in 1959, after manufacturing 2005 ZIS/ZIL-485.[4] It was planned to move the production to BAZ works in Bryansk, but only 24 vehicles were completed there by 1962.[4]
The cargo body is open, but a canvas cover is available.
Propulsion in water is by means of propeller.
BAVs were used in service by Warsaw Pact Armies and in the Middle East up to the 1980s.[5]
In use by the Soviet Union and its allies and client states the BAV was gradually replaced by the much larger tracked PTS amphibious vehicles.
Specification
- Rear axle clearance:
- Ground clearance:
- Front track: Шаблон:Convert
- Rear track: Шаблон:Convert
- Turning radius: Шаблон:Convert
- Maximum speed (loaded, highway): Шаблон:Convert
- Tyres: 8¼x20 in (21x102 cm)
- Fuel tank capacity: 2x Шаблон:Convert
- Fuel consumption: 6.7 mpg
- Top speed: 60 km/h (37 mph) (road)
10 km/h (6.2 mph) (water) - Range: 480 km (298 mi)
See also
Notes
Sources
- Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons & Warfare (London: Phoebus, 1978), Volume 5, p. 476-7, "BTR".
- Hogg, Ian V., and Weeks, John. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Military Vehicles. London: Hamblyn Publishing Group Limited, 1980, p. 308-9, "BAV-485".
- Prochko, Yevgeniy. «Bolshoi avtomobil vodoplavayushchiy». „Tekhnika i Vooruzheniye”. 03/2009. p. 15-22 (in Russian).
- Prochko, Yevgeniy. «Bolshoi avtomobil vodoplavayushchiy». „Tekhnika i Vooruzheniye”. 04/2009. p. 16-22 (in Russian).
- AMW - Agencja Mienia Wojskowego
- ZIS-485 at denisovets.narod.ru
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Prochko, Yevgeniy. «Bolshoi avtomobil vodoplavayushchiy». „Tekhnika i Vooruzheniye”. 03/2009. p. 15-22 (in Russian)
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 Hogg & Weeks, p.308, "BAV-485".
- ↑ Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons & Warfare (London: Phoebus, 1978), Volume 5, p.476, "BTR"
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 Prochko, Yevgeniy. «Bolshoi avtomobil vodoplavayushchiy». „Tekhnika i Vooruzheniye”. 04/2009. p. 16-22 (in Russian)
- ↑ Hogg & Weeks, p.309, "BAV-485".
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