Английская Википедия:BM-27 Uragan

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The BM-27 Uragan (Шаблон:Lang-ru; GRAU index 9P140) is a self-propelled 220 mm multiple rocket launcher designed in the Soviet Union to deliver cluster munitions. The system began its service with the Soviet Army in the late 1970s, and was its first spin and fin stabilized heavy multiple rocket launcher.

An updated version known as Uragan-1M was commissioned in 2008. The truck vehicle has no similarities.[1]

Description

The BM-27 Uragan is capable of launching 220 mm rockets from 16 launch tubes mounted on the rear of a ZIL-135 8×8 chassis.Шаблон:Sfn This vehicle is extremely similar to that used in the FROG-7 free flight rocket system. It has two gasoline engines that power its 20 tonnes to a maximum speed of 65 kilometers per hour. One engine drives the four wheels on the left of the truck, while the other engine drives the four wheels on the right. The ZIL-135 has eight wheel drive, but only the front and rear axles are used for steering. It has a maximum cruising range of 500 kilometers.

The cab of the ZIL-135 is NBC protected, allowing the rockets to be fired without exposing the crew to possible contaminants.[2][3] The six-man crewШаблон:Sfn can emplace or displace the system in three minutes.

Before firing, stabilizing jacks must be lowered and the blast shield raised to protect the cab and its occupants. Indirect fire aiming is achieved with the use of a PG-1 panoramic telescope. Although there are no night vision sights, the driver of the launch vehicle is equipped with a night vision device.

The BM-27 can use HE-FRAG, chemical, explosive or scatterable mine (PTM-3 or PFM-1) submunition equipped rockets, all of which are detonated by electric timing fuses. (However, chemical munitions have been officially off service in Russia since 2017.) Each rocket weighs 280.4 kilograms. The warheads weigh between 90 and 100 kilograms, depending on type. A full salvo of 16 rockets can be fired in 20 seconds and can engage targets within a range of 35 kilometers.

Because of the size of the warhead, the range of the rocket and the speed that a salvo can be delivered, the BM-27 is very effective at mine laying. Each 220 mm rocket can scatter 312 anti-personnel PFM-1 mines. Minefields can be laid behind a retreating enemy or even be used to trap an enemy by encircling them with mines. Tactics such as this were often used by the Soviets in Afghanistan.

Once the rockets have been fired, 9T452 (another ZIL-135 based vehicle) is used to assist in reloading. It carries additional rockets and a crane to transfer the rockets from the reload vehicle to the launcher.Шаблон:Sfn The entire reloading procedure takes around 20 minutes.

Файл:BM-27 Uragan MLRS.jpg
The 9P140 missile launcher vehicle as a monument to A.N. Ganichev near Splav State Research and Production Enterprise, Tula city
Файл:9T452 Uragan.jpg
The 9T452 transporter-loader vehicle at the St Petersburg Artillery Museum

Rockets

[4][5] 9M27F 9M27K1 9M27K2 9M27K3 9M59
Diameter 220 mm
Length Шаблон:Cvt Шаблон:Center Шаблон:Cvt Шаблон:Cvt
Weight Шаблон:Cvt Шаблон:Center
Warhead Шаблон:Cvt unitary HE-Frag (Шаблон:Cvt of HE) Шаблон:Cvt container for 30 N9N210 anti-material bomblets Шаблон:Cvt container for 24 PGMDM/PTM-1 anti-tank mines 90 kg container for 312 PFM-1 anti-personnel mines 89.5 kg container for 9 PTM-3 directional charge bottom attack anti-tank mines
Range Шаблон:Center Шаблон:Cvt 10–35 km

Also 9M27S incendiary rockets.

Variants

  • 9P140 Uragan: Standard variant on ZIL-135 truck.

Uragan-M

  • Шаблон:Vanchor: Variant presented to the public in 2007; all processes are automated. Can also fire the 300 mm rockets of the BM-30 Smerch system.[6] Reloading is simplified by substituting barrels; can be fitted with two banks of six 300 mm launch tubes or fifteen 220 mm launch tubes. Deliveries to the Russian Army started as of September 2016.[7][8][9] Can fire guided 220 mm rockets with a range of Шаблон:Cvt.[10] On Belarusian MZKT 8x8 military truck chassis.[8]

Uragan-U

Ukrainian models

  • Bastion-03: Prototype by Ukrainian company AvtoKrAZ, presented in 2010. Installed on a 6×6 truck type KrAZ-63221RA.[11]
  • Bureviy (meaning "Storm"): Prototype by Ukroboronprom involving a new digital fire control system capable of target sharing and mounted on a Tatra 8x8 T815-7T3RC1 chassis, which can fire with modified armament up to 65 km (40 mi).[12]

Operators

Файл:385th Guards Artillery Brigade's 9K57 Uragan firing at the Totsky training ground (23-08-2018).webm
BM-27 Uragan in Russian service. 23 August 2018.

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

Шаблон:PostWWIISovietAFVS Шаблон:SovArtyColdWar

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  2. ↑ Red Steel: Soviet Tanks and Combat Vehicles of the Cold War, by Russell Phillips, pub Shilka, 2013, p140.
  3. ↑ WeaponSystems.net, BM-27 Uragan.
  4. ↑ BM-27 Uragan. Weapon Systems.net.
  5. ↑ 220mm 9M27. Weapon Systems.net.
  6. ↑ Бикалиберная РСЗО «Ураган-1М» прошла государственные испытания Шаблон:Webarchive, warfiles.ru, Retrieved: 25 August 2015 (Russian)
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 Russian armed forces will receive new Uragan-1M multi-caliber multiple launch rocket system – Armyrecognition.com, 22 September 2016
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  10. ↑ Russian Navy Artillery Units to Get Uragan-1M MLRS for Coastal Defence. Navy Recognition. 13 October 2018.
  11. ↑ KrAZ Military Vehicles, issuu.com, Retrieved: 19 February 2016
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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