Английская Википедия:Bad Cannstatt

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Bad Cannstatt, also called Cannstatt (until July 23, 1933) or Kannstadt (until 1900), is one of the outer stadtbezirke, or city boroughs, of Stuttgart in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Bad Cannstatt is the oldest and most populous of Stuttgart's boroughs, and one of the most historically significant towns in the area of Stuttgart.Шаблон:Efn The town is home to the Cannstatter Wasen and Cannstatter Volksfest beer festivals, the MHPArena (VfB Stuttgart), the Hanns-Martin-Schleyer-Halle, and the Porsche-Arena.

Name

Шаблон:Anchor Bad Cannstatt's name originates from a Castra stativa, Cannstatt Castrum, the massive Roman Castra that was erected on the hilly ridge in AD 90 to protect the valuable river crossing and local trade. In the past, Bad Cannstatt has been known as simply Cannstatt or Kannstatt,Шаблон:Sfnp Cannstadt, Canstatt, Kanstatt, and Condistat.Шаблон:Sfnp Its name was changed to include "Bad" (Шаблон:Lang-de) to mention the town's spas on 23 July 1933.

History

Bad Cannstatt lies on the Neckar at the convergence of various regional trails.Шаблон:Sfnp The area was inhabited by the Seelberg mammoth hunters during the last glacial period. The town was founded during the Roman period, records survive of Roman knowledge of the area's springs.Шаблон:Sfnp The nearby Sielberg is notable for its caverns and fossils.Шаблон:Sfnp

In 746 Carloman, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia, called a council at Cannstatt, arrested and executed virtually all nobles of the Alemanni. This marks the transfer of power from the Alemanni to the emerging Carolingians. The present name first appeared as the seat of a court held by Charlemagne in the 8th century while trying the rebellious dukes of Alemannia and Bavaria.

Cannstatt was the capital of the county of Württemberg into the 14thШаблон:Sfnp or 15th century;Шаблон:Sfnp the Rotenberg was the location of the ruling house's ancestral castle.Шаблон:Sfnp Cannstatt subsequently formed part of the duchy, electorate, and kingdom of Württemberg. It lay about Шаблон:Convert from Stuttgart proper,Шаблон:Sfnp although it has since grown to include Bad Cannstatt. In the 13th or 14th century, Louis the Bavarian expanded its rights and privileges to equality with Esslingen. Its 15th-century cathedral was dedicated to St Uffo.Шаблон:Sfnp In 1755, the Great Lisbon earthquake caused the town hall to subside about Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfnp During the wars which followed the French Revolution, the town was the site on 21 July 1796 of a French victory over the Austrian Empire.Шаблон:Sfnp

In the 19th century, it boasted an attractive town hall, a royal theater, a market house, the Wilhelma and Rosenstein palaces, and extensive industry including wool-spinning, dyeing, steelmaking, and construction of machinery. There were then about 40 mineral springs, which were considered beneficial for "dyspepsia and weakness of the nervous system",Шаблон:Sfnp as well as "diseases of the throat".Шаблон:Sfnp Cannstatt was the site of Gottlieb Daimler's invention of the first petroleum-fueled automobile in 1886 and housed an automotive factory before the First World War. Around that time, it also had notable railway and chemical works and a brewery. Cannstatt was incorporated into Stuttgart in 1904.Шаблон:Sfnp

Of the 19 surviving mineral springs, 11 are recognized as state wells.Шаблон:Clarify In the world, it is now second to only Újbuda in Budapest, Hungary, in scale. The Mombach spring is the only one that releases its water without pressure in large quantities; its outflow is used in the adjacent baths and the Wilhelma spa.Шаблон:Citation needed

Famous Residents

Famous people associated with Bad-Cannstatt include:

• Gottlieb Daimler, inventor of the first automobile, developed in Cannstatt, and part-founder of Daimler-Benz. (Karl Benz independently invented a successful automobile in the same year, 96 km away in Ladenburg.)
• Emy Gordon (née von Beulwitz), a writer, translator and Catholic activist

References

• Шаблон:Cite EB9.
• Шаблон:Cite EB1911.