Английская Википедия:Baltimore Metro SubwayLink
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Distinguish Шаблон:Infobox rail line The Metro SubwayLink is a rapid transit line serving Baltimore, Maryland, and its northwestern suburbs, operated by the Maryland Transit Administration. The segment in Downtown Baltimore is underground, while most of the line outside the central city is elevated or at surface grade.[1] In Шаблон:American transit ridership, the line had a ridership of Шаблон:American transit ridership, or about Шаблон:American transit ridership per weekday as of Шаблон:American transit ridership.
History
The origins of the Metro Subway lie in the Baltimore Area Mass Transportation Plan published in 1965, which envisioned six rapid transit lines radiating out from a central city loop. Planning studies from 1968 proposed a rail transit system Шаблон:Convert long.[1]
As the vision was translated into reality, the original concept was trimmed to a Шаблон:Convert system in the Phase 1 plan, published in 1971. This plan involved two of the original six lines: a northwest line from Downtown Baltimore to Owings Mills and a south line to Glen Burnie and the airport. Phase 1 was approved for funding by the Maryland General Assembly in 1972. In response to lobbying by Anne Arundel County residents, the MTA eliminated the south line from Phase 1 plans in 1975; the Baltimore Light Rail was later built over much of the planned south line corridor.[1]
When the Baltimore Metro Subway opened on November 21, 1983, only the "Northwest" line of the 1965 plan had come to fruition. This Шаблон:Convert segment provided service between Charles Center in Downtown Baltimore and the Reisterstown Plaza shopping center in the northwest of the city. On July 20, 1987, a Шаблон:Convert addition extended the line from Reisterstown Plaza to Owings Mills in Baltimore County, with a portion running in the median of Interstate 795. A further extension of Шаблон:Convert from Charles Center to Johns Hopkins Hospital opened on May 31, 1995.[2][3]
Once the project was completed in 1995, the total cost for the Metro Subway stood at $1.392 billion.[1]
The current system is Шаблон:Convert long, consisting of Шаблон:Convert underground, Шаблон:Convert elevated, and Шаблон:Convert at grade. Eight of its 14 stations are underground, at depths from Шаблон:Convert to Шаблон:Convert below street level. Its elevated stations stand from Шаблон:Convert to Шаблон:Convert above ground.[3]
When the system opened, it became the largest single user of Susan B. Anthony dollar coins in the United States.[4]
Farebox recovery in the system is only 28%. This is comparable to other similarly sized systems in the continental United States, but low by international standards.Шаблон:Citation-needed
The installation of underground cellular service in the Baltimore Metro subway tunnels began in September 2021 and was originally expected to be completed by June 2022.[5][6] As of January 2024, the work has not been completed.
Route
The Metro Subway has a single line that is shaped like a reverse "J". Trains head south underground from Johns Hopkins Hospital, turn west as they pass under Baltimore's central business district, turn north at Charles Center, and ultimately turn to face northwest at State Center. The route leaves its tunnel northwest of Mondawmin station, entering an elevated structure that parallels Wabash Avenue and the Hanover Subdivision along the former Western Maryland Railway route. The route then enters the median of Interstate 795, which it occupies until it reaches the Owings Mills terminus.
Trains heading towards Johns Hopkins Hospital are referred to as "eastbound", while trains heading towards Owings Mills are "westbound".[7]
Schedules
A trip from one end of the line to the other takes about half an hour. Headways range from eight minutes during daytime peak to eleven minutes late at night and on weekends. Trains run from 5 a.m. to midnight on weekdays and from 6 a.m. to midnight on weekends.[7]
Fares
These are the current fare prices for MTA buses, Light Rail, and Metro Subway travel.[8]
| Type | Full fare | Senior/Disability | Student | Mobility |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Single trip | $2.00 | $1.00 | $1.50 | $2.20 |
| Day Pass | $4.60 | $2.30 | - | - |
| Weekly Pass | $22.00 | - | - | - |
| Monthly Pass | $77.00 | $23.00 | - | - |
- Note: People who qualify for paratransit services can use Metro Subway free of charge.
Connecting services
Most Metro Subway stations are served by a number of MTA bus routes. In 1984, just months after Metro first started operating, many feeder routes were created that were given the designation of a letter (M, P, or R) followed by a number. In 1987, many of these routes were renamed, and only the prefix "M" was used. Over the years, the number of M-lines had shrunk, as many of the routes were consolidated. In 2008, routes designated with the letter "M" were renamed to plain two-digit designations. Finally, on August 30, 2009, the last four were either renumbered or eliminated, with no routing changes made; they continue to act as feeder routes to the Metro Subway.
There is no direct connection from the Metro to the Baltimore Light Rail or MARC commuter rail. However, the Metro Subway's Lexington Market Station is a Шаблон:Convert walk from the Light Rail stop of the same name, and the State Center station is about 1.5 blocks away from Light Rail's Cultural Center station. Baltimore Penn Station is about a one-half mile walk from State Center, and MARC Camden Station is about five blocks from Lexington Market Metro station.
Stations
Source:[9]
Performance
For fiscal year 2010, the MTA reported 95% on-time performance for the system. It averaged 3.0 passenger trips per revenue mile, with a total of 13.4 million passenger trips for the year. Vehicles operated at an average cost of $11.59 per revenue mile. Local buses, in comparison, performed at a cost of $13.57 per revenue mile.[10]
Incidents
On February 11, 2018, the MTA announced a month-long closure of the entire system to complete emergency track repairs identified during a safety inspection. An aboveground portion of the system had already been shut down due to emergency inspections and repairs.[11] The system reopened on March 9, 2018.[12]
Rolling stock
The line currently uses 100 cars manufactured by the Budd Company at their Red Lion plant in Northeast Philadelphia.[10] Most were delivered in 1983 with a supplementary set of essentially identical cars being purchased in 1986 for the line expansion. The cars, marketed by Budd as the Universal Transit Vehicle, are identical to those formerly used on the Miami Metrorail because the two agencies built their systems at the same time and saved money by sharing a single order.[1]
Trains draw power from the electric third rail. The cars are Шаблон:Convert long, Шаблон:Convert wide, and have a top speed of Шаблон:Convert. Cars are semi-permanently attached in married pairs and joined up to form 4-car trains, which is the normal train length. 6-car trains are used during peak rush hours. Each car can hold up to 166 passengers (76 seated, 90 standing).[1]
The fleet had a significant overhaul between 2002 and 2005. Seats were reupholstered, and the floors were replaced. External destination rollsigns were replaced with LED displays; internal systems that display train destinations and upcoming stop announcements were also installed.Шаблон:Citation needed
In July 2017, the MTA announced the purchase of 78 new railcars to replace the entire subway fleet. The cars will be built in Florida by Hitachi Rail Italy, formerly AnsaldoBreda, and will be similar in appearance to those purchased for the Miami Metrorail.[13][14] The first Hitachi cars were delivered in October 2023; the replacement of the rolling stock is set to occur in phases from 2024 to 2026.[15]
See also
- List of metro systems
- List of United States rapid transit systems by ridership
- Baltimore Light RailLink
References
External links
Шаблон:Baltimore Metro Subway Шаблон:MTA Maryland Шаблон:Baltimore Transit Шаблон:Baltimore Шаблон:USSubway
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокMedia Guideне указан текст - ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite report
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite report
- ↑ 7,0 7,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 10,0 10,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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