Английская Википедия:Barcid conquest of Hispania
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:More citations Шаблон:Infobox military conflict Шаблон:History of Spain
Under the leadership of the Barcid family, Ancient Carthage expanded its possessions in Iberia from 237 to 218 BC after the end of the First Punic War in 241 BC and the Mercenary War in 238 BC.
Background
During the First Punic War, the members of Barcid family played a prominent role in the fighting against the Romans, particularly Hamilcar Barca. After the war, Hamilcar commanded the Punic forces that defeated the former Carthaginian mercenaries, who had rebelled against Carthage in the Mercenary War.
After the suppression of the rebellion, Hamilcar Barca understood that Carthage needed to strengthen its economic and military base to confront Rome, which had invaded and annexed Carthaginian Sardinia and Corsica. Rome had also ordered Carthage to pay an indemnity 1,200 talents of silver to cripple Carthage's war-making capacity.Шаблон:Sfn The Romans had thereby broken the Treaty of Lutatius which had ended the First Punic War.Шаблон:Sfn
After the First Punic War, Carthaginian possessions in Spain were limited to a handful of wealthy coastal cities: Gades, Malaca, Abdera and Sexi.Шаблон:Sfn In 237 BC, Spain south of the Tagus River was a land of well-developed agriculture, silver mines and fortified settlements.Шаблон:Sfn
Hamilcar sought the creation of a new Carthaginian Empire in Spain that would make up for the loss of the Carthage's central Mediterranean island possessions and be even stronger.Шаблон:Sfn Before leaving, Hamilcar appointed his son-in-law Hasdrubal the Fair as naval commander and asked his son Hannibal whether he would accompany Hamilcar to Spain.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn When Hannibal readily accepted, Hamilcar made him swear an oath on the sacrificial altar of Baal Hammon to never befriend Rome.Шаблон:Sfn Hannibal would accompany his father and brother-in-law in Spain for the next 16 years.Шаблон:Sfn
According to Polybius, Carthage, extremely weak after the war with the Roman Republic, was unable to provide him with the necessary fleet to a long journey across the sea, and so Hamilcar walked with his army to the Strait of Gibraltar.Шаблон:Sfn More likely is the tale of Diodorus Siculus, that Hamilcar embarked his army of perhaps 20,000 men and sailed along the African coast through the Strait of Gibraltar and landed at Gades in 237 BC.Шаблон:Sfn Carthage had the transport ships on hand and trading stations along the coast to provide resupply.Шаблон:Sfn
See also
Citations
Bibliography
- Английская Википедия
- Hispania
- Punic Wars
- Wars involving Carthage
- 3rd century BC in Hispania
- 3rd century BC in the Roman Republic
- 237 BC
- Ancient history of the Iberian Peninsula
- Invasions of Spain
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- Википедия
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- Статья из Английской Википедии
