Английская Википедия:Barnstable County, Massachusetts

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Redirect Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox U.S. county

Barnstable County is a county located in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. At the 2020 census, the population was 228,996.[1] Its county seat is Barnstable.[2] The county consists of Cape Cod and associated islands (some adjacent islands are in Dukes County and Nantucket County).

Barnstable County was formed as part of the Plymouth Colony on 2 June 1685, including the towns of Falmouth, Sandwich, and others lying to the east and north on Cape Cod. Plymouth Colony was merged into the Province of Massachusetts Bay in 1691.

History

Giovanni da Verrazzano

Cape Cod is described in a letter from the Italian explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano to Francis I of France, relating the details of a voyage to the New World made on behalf of the French crown in the ship Dauphine, the only surviving of a fleet of four.[3] Sailing from Madeira in 1524, the Dauphine made land in North Carolina in March. It sailed north to Newfoundland, mapping the coast and interviewing the natives, whom he found friendly south of the cape, but unfriendly north of it. To the north of an island that reminded Verrazzano of Rhodes, the Dauphine made its way with difficulty over shoals "never less than three feet deep" extending "from the continent fifty leagues out to sea," which Brevoort, based on their extent, has identified as Nantucket Shoals.[4] Verrazzano called them Armellini. On the other side was a promontory, Pallavisino, which is probably the cape,[4] as they sailed along it for "fifty leagues." Details of the north end are not given, but subsequently they came to a "high country, full of very dense forests, composed of pines," which, according to Brevoort and others, resembles the coast of Maine.[4]

Bartholomew Gosnold

After Verrazzano, what is now the eastern United States acquired the map label of New France, but France had no way to develop it. Scattered colonies in the wilderness of a few dozen men could not be supported until the foundation of Quebec in 1608. Meanwhile, the paper claim did not deter entrepreneurs. In March, 1602, Bartholomew Gosnold set sail from Falmouth, Cornwall, in the ship, Concord, transporting a crew of eight, an exploration party of 12, and 20 colonists, with the intent of establishing a trading post in the New World. Intersecting the coast of Maine, they turned to the south, encountered what appeared to be an island, and dropped anchor in Provincetown Harbor. Gosnold at first called the land Shoal Hope, but after discovering it was a cape, and acquiring a hold full of cod from the abundant schools in Cape Cod Bay, he changed the name to Cape Cod.[5]

Gosnold explored the cape, establishing good relations with the natives there, approximately 1500 members of the Nauset Tribe, closely related in language and custom to the Wampanoag people of the mainland, and under their sovereignty. John Brereton, chaplain of the expedition, reported that they were dark-skinned, customarily nude except for deerskins over the shoulders and sealskins around the waist, and wore their long, black hair up in a knot. They painted their bodies. Some knew a few English words, which is something of a historical problem, as Gosnold and his companions are believed to have been the first English to land in America.[6] Gosnold made a point of describing how healthy the people appeared.

Subsequently, Gosnold sailed around the cape to discover an island, "full of wood, vines, gooseberry bushes, whortleberries, raspberries, eglantines, etc.," as well as large numbers of shore birds. He named it Martha's Vineyard after his daughter. Another island nearby, Cuttyhunk Island, he named Elizabeth Island, in honor of Elizabeth I of England, from which the Elizabeth Islands take their name. He intended to place a trading post there, but when the time came for the return voyage, the colonists decided not to remain. Gosnold ventured a second time to the New World in 1608 as Captain John Smith's second in command of the Jamestown expedition. After three months there, he died of malaria.[5]

Martin Pring

In 1603, another mercantile expedition set sail from Bristol, England, in two ships, the Speedwell and the Discoverer, commanded by a 23-year-old captain, Martin Pring. Elizabeth I had died two weeks earlier, but Pring had secured permission from Sir Walter Raleigh, who held from the queen exploration rights to all of North America.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Шаблон:Convert, of which Шаблон:Convert is land and Шаблон:Convert (70%) is water.[7] It is the second-largest county in Massachusetts by total area. It has approximately Шаблон:Convert of shoreline.

Barnstable County is not co-extensive with Cape Cod. The latter is a geophysical term defined by its insular or peninsular landmass. According to Freeman, it is a "long, irregular peninsula" between Шаблон:Convert, measured along the north or the south shores respectively, and between Шаблон:Convert wide. Originally, he points out, only the tip was considered the cape, but as it was settled the name extended from its tip to the shortest line across the isthmus.[8] Barnstable County, on the other hand, is a geopolitical and legal term. It is the area contained within the borders of all cities and towns defined to be in the county by the Massachusetts General Court. These borders were located in multiple episodes of disputed legislation during the centuries since the foundation of Plymouth Colony.[9]

The main difference between Cape Cod and Barnstable County is the band of water up to several miles wide extending from the shoreline to the outermost county border. The offshore area contains significant maritime life, as well as being a recreational and transportational medium, and containing historical material lost with sunken ships.[10]

The highest elevation in the county is Шаблон:Convert on the summit of Pine Hill, located on Joint Base Cape Cod in Bourne. The lowest point is sea level.

Adjacent counties

Barnstable County borders Plymouth County to the northwest; off Barnstable County's southern shore are Dukes County and Nantucket County.

National protected areas

Шаблон:Massachusetts rivers

Demographics

Barnstable County is one of the oldest in the country, ranking in the top ten for highest median age (among those with at least 100,000 residents). The median age is 55 years old as of 2020 (whereas the median in the U.S. is 39 years old). It is the only county in the Northeast on the list.[11]

Файл:Barnstable County municipality population trends.png
Barnstable county municipal population trends.

Шаблон:US Census population

Файл:USA Barnstable County, Massachusetts.csv age pyramid.svg
Age breakdown of residents in 2000

2000 census

As of the census[12] of 2000, there were 222,230 people, 94,822 households, and 61,065 families residing in the county. The population density was Шаблон:Convert. There were 147,083 housing units at an average density of Шаблон:Convert. The racial makeup of the county was 94.23% White, 1.79% Black or African American, 0.56% Native American, 0.63% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.11% from other races, and 1.66% from two or more races. 1.35% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 24.0% were of Irish, 15.6% English, 9.4% Italian, 5.9% German and 5.0% "American" ancestry, 93.6% spoke English, 1.7% Portuguese, 1.4% Spanish and 1.0% French as their first language.

There were 94,822 households, out of which 24.30% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.20% were married couples living together, 9.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.60% were non-families. 29.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 2.82.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 20.40% under the age of 18, 5.20% from 18 to 24, 25.00% from 25 to 44, 26.20% from 45 to 64, and 23.10% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $45,933, and the median income for a family was $54,728. Males had a median income of $41,033 versus $30,079 for females. The per capita income for the county was $25,318. About 4.60% of families and 6.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.60% of those under age 18 and 5.00% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States census, there were 215,888 people, 95,755 households, and 58,724 families residing in the county.[13] The population density was Шаблон:Convert. There were 160,281 housing units at an average density of Шаблон:Convert.[14] The racial makeup of the county was 92.7% white, 1.9% black or African American, 1.1% Asian, 0.6% American Indian, 1.5% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 2.2% of the population.[13] In terms of ancestry, 27.0% were Irish, 19.2% were English, 11.4% were Italian, 11.4% were American, and 9.1% were German.[15]

Of the 95,755 households, 22.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.3% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 38.7% were non-families, and 31.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.77. The median age was 49.9 years.[13]

The median income for a household in the county was $60,317 and the median income for a family was $75,056. Males had a median income of $53,480 versus $41,990 for females. The per capita income for the county was $35,246. About 5.0% of families and 7.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.8% of those under age 18 and 5.6% of those age 65 or over.[16]

Demographic breakdown by town

Income

Шаблон:See also The ranking of unincorporated communities that are included on the list are reflective if the census designated locations and villages were included as cities or towns. Data is from the 2007–2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.[17][18][19]

Файл:Deyo-map.jpg
Towns of Barnstable County
historical map of 1890
Rank Town Per capita
income 		Median
household
income 		Median
family
income 		Population Number of
households
Woods Hole CDP $123,954 $125,156 $136,731 725 368
New Seabury CDP $61,788 $91,528 $101,563 975 483
Chatham CDP $59,799 $82,656 $103,375 1,754 805
Popponesset CDP $59,468 $250,000+ $250,000+ 158 96
1 Chatham Town $52,039 $69,325 $97,096 6,177 2,920
Monomoscoy Island CDP $49,544 $107,143 $170,179 177 72
Mashpee Neck CDP $48,867 $90,096 $108,618 869 333
2 Wellfleet Town $47,428 $59,234 $93,107 2,858 1,621
Falmouth CDP $44,413 $34,018 $75,590 3,595 2,116
Harwich Port CDP $42,832 $49,925 $79,205 1,909 1,021
Dennis CDP $42,820 $52,727 $68,750 2,330 1,220
Yarmouth Port CDP $42,334 $63,177 $82,159 4,908 2,593
3 Orleans Town $42,268 $61,897 $84,099 5,946 2,888
North Falmouth CDP $41,985 $75,408 $84,444 2,849 1,343
Provincetown CDP $41,925 $46,696 $87,857 2,842 1,539
Teaticket CDP $41,595 $46,469 $67,171 1,625 901
4 Provincetown Town $41,488 $46,547 $87,228 2,994 1,645
Seconsett Island CDP $41,384 $60,625 $115,250 32 22
Seabrook CDP $40,604 $69,400 $88,750 354 154
Sandwich CDP $40,209 $82,989 $86,875 2,699 1,265
5 Truro Town $39,856 $71,964 $85,909 1,903 873
Monument Beach CDP $38,459 $80,240 $90,110 2,714 1,185
Bourne CDP $38,452 $53,059 $55,469 1,406 699
6 Falmouth Town $38,334 $61,244 $77,488 31,674 14,293
West Chatham CDP $37,397 $52,500 $92,552 1,109 540
East Sandwich CDP $36,850 $91,806 $103,914 4,018 1,621
7 Barnstable (County Seat) City [20] $36,121 $62,191 $75,620 45,486 20,119
8 Sandwich Town $36,047 $82,485 $95,273 20,635 7,702
Barnstable County County $36,000 $60,525 $76,708 216,639 96,775
East Dennis CDP $35,874 $64,875 $84,550 2,795 1,269
9 Eastham Town $35,352 $56,029 $75,803 5,011 2,404
Massachusetts State $35,051 $65,981 $83,371 6,512,227 2,522,409
West Falmouth CDP $34,659 $58,831 $59,073 1,684 769
10 Brewster Town $34,380 $59,321 $77,463 9,853 4,354
Northwest Harwich CDP $34,287 $54,753 $63,947 4,060 1,750
11 Harwich Town $34,087 $57,455 $69,811 12,259 5,537
Brewster CDP $34,024 $46,473 $69,713 2,291 1,117
North Eastham CDP $33,833 $50,214 $68,693 1,792 938
12 Mashpee Town $33,492 $62,763 $73,560 13,900 5,753
13 Yarmouth Town $33,251 $50,228 $63,975 23,919 11,825
Popponesset Island CDP $32,909 $39,712 $62,639 152 54
14 Bourne Town $32,330 $62,531 $79,613 19,632 8,051
15 Dennis Town $31,986 $51,580 $64,861 14,392 6,790
East Harwich CDP $31,872 $60,674 $67,146 4,426 1,953
South Yarmouth CDP $31,498 $46,505 $60,015 11,463 5,732
Pocasset CDP $31,038 $54,349 $83,472 3,065 1,390
Orleans CDP $30,759 $39,444 $48,125 1,453 778
Sagamore CDP $30,655 $70,554 $76,523 3,728 1,379
East Falmouth CDP $30,575 $55,967 $66,141 5,926 2,689
West Falmouth CDP $30,553 $45,529 $53,027 6,097 2,948
West Dennis CDP $30,428 $49,815 $64,619 2,095 1,020
Forestdale CDP $30,139 $84,981 $88,274 4,047 1,313
Buzzards Bay CDP $30,074 $51,341 $79,145 3,120 1,218
Harwich Center CDP $29,955 $58,729 $80,278 1,864 813
Dennis Port CDP $28,071 $45,375 $65,313 3,686 1,633
United States Country $27,915 $52,762 $64,293 306,603,772 114,761,359
South Dennis CDP $26,704 $49,123 $58,027 3,486 1,648

Politics

Until the 1990s, Barnstable County was a stronghold of the Republican Party. The county voted for Republican presidential candidates in every election from 1876 to 1992, with the exception of 1912 (when the Progressive candidate won the county) and 1964. It has since come to favor the Democratic Party, supporting Democratic candidates in all presidential elections since 1992. Шаблон:PresHead Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow Шаблон:PresRow |}

Government

Barnstable County is one of the last functioning counties in Massachusetts. County government consists of a legislative branch (Barnstable County Assembly of Delegates) and an executive branch (Barnstable County Commissioners).

Barnstable County Assembly of Delegates

The Assembly of Delegates is the legislative branch of Barnstable County. There are 15 towns located within Barnstable County, with each town represented on the Assembly. In 1989, by an Act of the Massachusetts General Court and confirmed by a majority of Barnstable County voters, the Barnstable County Home Rule Charter went into effect and the first session of the Assembly of Delegates convened. All legislative powers of the county are vested in the Assembly, which acts by ordinance and also adopts resolutions.

The Assembly of Delegates consists of 15 delegates, one representing each of the towns located in Barnstable County. A delegate's vote is weighted based on the population of his or her town. The town of Barnstable, for example, has the largest share of the vote, at 20.92%, and Truro has the smallest, at 0.93%.

Barnstable County Commissioners

There are three Barnstable County Commissioners who together act as the Executive Branch of county government. Each commissioner is elected at large and serves a four-year staggered term. Duties of the commissioners include direction of county agencies, preparation of budgets for submission to the Assembly, care of county property and finances, proposing ordinances to the Assembly, and appointment of the County Administrator.

Ronald Bergstrom (D-Chatham), Chair

  • Term: 2023–2027

Sheila Lyons (D-Wellfleet), Vice-chair

  • Term: 2021–2025

Mark Forest (D-Yarmouth), Commissioner

  • Term: 2021–2025

Cape Cod Commission

The planning agency of Barnstable County is the Cape Cod Commission.

Communities

Cities and towns have been legally incorporated as such under the laws of the State of Massachusetts. They include the entire territory of the state. A city may continue to name itself a town even though legally a city. Villages are subordinate to cities or towns. In addition to and not necessarily based on these legal municipalities are the arbitrary divisions of the United States Census Bureau. Villages are census divisions which may be used as special purpose municipalities or may have a greater sense of civic identity than their constituent town(s), but are not fully functioning municipal corporations. For example, the City of Barnstable has five fire districts that cover the seven villages - each village has its own fire department except that Centerville, Osterville and Marstons Mills have combined their efforts into the COMM Fire Department. Шаблон:Cape Cod overlay map

City

Towns

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Villages

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Census-designated places

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Unincorporated communities

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Education

School districts include:[21]

Officially K-12:

Secondary:

Elementary:

Truro residents are eligible to go to Nauset Regional High School, and formerly to Provincetown High.[21]

Cape Cod Community College is in the county.

Economy

The county is known for aquaculture.[23] It ranks first in the state for revenue from aquaculture products.[23]

See also

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Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

General bibliography

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

Шаблон:Geographic location Шаблон:Barnstable County, Massachusetts Шаблон:Massachusetts Шаблон:Massachusetts Public High Schools Шаблон:Authority control Шаблон:Coord

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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web Text reproduced by permission from Шаблон:Cite book
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 Шаблон:Cite book
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 Шаблон:Harvnb
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  9. ↑ A history of this extensive legislation through 1860 on a town-by-town basis can be found in Шаблон:Harvnb
  10. ↑ In an effort to protect this area, Barnstable County created the Cape Cod Commission, giving it control over the oceanic waters within county jurisdiction, to exclude the bays and river mouths as well as the Cape Cod Canal. Its final plan, completed in 2011, includes maps showing the total extent of Barnstable County, most of which is oceanic, including most of Cape Cod Bay, half of upper Buzzard's Bay, and some of the waters to the south of the cape. Шаблон:Cite web
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  13. ↑ 13,0 13,1 13,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  21. ↑ 21,0 21,1 21,2 Шаблон:Cite web - Text list
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  23. ↑ 23,0 23,1 Шаблон:Cite web
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