Английская Википедия:Basaa language

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:About Шаблон:Infobox language

Basaa (also spelled Bassa, Basa, Bissa), or Mbene, is a Bantu language spoken in Cameroon by the Basaa people. It is spoken by about 300,000 people in the Centre and Littoral regions.

Maho (2009) lists North and South Kogo as dialects.

Background and Origin

Basaa is spoken by 230,000 speakers. They live in Nyong-et-Kelle (Central Region) and Sanaga Maritime (with the exception of the Edéa commune, which has a Bakoko majority) and most of Nkam commune (Littoral Region). In the western and northern parts of this department, the peripheral Basaa dialects are spoken: Yabasi in the commune of Yabassi, Diɓuum in the commune of Nkondjok (Diboum Canton), north of Ndemli and Dimbamban.

Similarly, Basaa Baduala is spoken in Wouri Department (Littoral Region), traditional Basaa territory that is being transformed by the growth of Douala. Basaa is also found in Océan Department (commune of Bipindi, Southern Region).

Hijuk is spoken only in the quarter of Niki in Batanga commune, in Yangben Canton (Ch. Paulian (1980)) by 400 people. Hijuk is a Basaa dialect, despite its geographical location in the southeast of Bokito arrondissement (Mbam-et-Inoubou department, Central Region).[1]

Phonology

Vowels

Front Back
Close Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink
Close-mid Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink
Open-mid Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink
Open Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink

Consonants

Bilabial Coronal Palatal Velar Labial-velar Uvular Glottal
Plosive voiceless Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlinkШаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlinkШаблон:IPAlink
prenasal Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink
implosive Шаблон:IPAlink
Fricative Шаблон:IPA linkШаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlinkШаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA linkШаблон:IPA link
Nasal Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink
Tap Шаблон:IPA linkШаблон:IPA link
Lateral Шаблон:IPAlink
Approximant Шаблон:IPAlink Шаблон:IPAlink
  • When not root-initial and not after a pause, the voiceless stops Шаблон:IPA are realized as voiced stops or voiced fricatives.

Tone

Basaa contrasts four tones: high, low, high-to-low (falling) and low-to-high (rising).

Orthography

The language uses a Latin-based alphabet, with the addition of the letters Ɓɓ, Ɛɛ, Ŋŋ, Ɔɔ, ten multigraphs, as well as acute, grave, and circumflex accents:[2]

Capital Small
A a
B b
Ɓ ɓ
C c
D d
E e
Ɛ ɛ
F f
G g
GW gw
H h
HY hy
I i
J j
K k
KW kw
L l
M m
MB mb
N n
NJ nj
NY ny
ND nd
Ŋ ŋ
ŊG ŋg
ŊGW ŋgw
ŊW ŋw
O o
Ɔ ɔ
P p
R r
S s
T t
U u
V v
W w
Y y

Macron and caron diacritics may be used for marking tone in reference works, for example the dictionary by Pierre Emmanuel Njock.

Further reading

Шаблон:Refbegin

Шаблон:Refend

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

Шаблон:Incubator

Шаблон:Languages of Cameroon Шаблон:Narrow Bantu languages Шаблон:Authority control