Английская Википедия:Batasio

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Automatic taxobox

Batasio is a genus of catfish of the family Bagridae. These small fish are found in fast-flowing hillstreams throughout South and mainland Southeast Asia.

Taxonomy

Batasio was first described by Edward Blyth in 1860 with Batasio buchanani (a needless renaming of Batasio batasio) designated as type.[1] B. pakistanicus, described in 1989, is tentatively placed in Batasio, but its generic placement is questionable.[2][3]

Species

There are currently 18 recognized species in this genus:

Distribution

Batasio species are generally found throughout South and mainland Southeast Asia.[2] B. affinis is found in Myanmar.[10] B. fluviatilis is found in Northern Malay Peninsula.[11] B. tigrinus is also recorded from Thailand.[12] B. dayi originates from the Salween and Irrawaddy River drainages in Myanmar.[13] B. elongatus is found in southwestern Myanmar.[2] B. macronotus originates from eastern Nepal.[3] B. pakistanicus is found in the Indus River.[14] B. batasio also originates from northern India where it shares its habitat with Mystus vittatus.[15] B. fasciolatus is known from the Tista River drainage, a tributary of the Brahmaputra River.[5] B. merianiensis is found in the Brahmaputra River drainage.[5] B. sharavatiensis originates from the Sharavati River in Uttara Kannada, Karnataka.[9] B. spilurus is known from the Brahmaputra River drainage in the vicinity of Dibrugarh.[5] B. tengana is known from the Ganges and the Brahmaputra River drainages; it is apparently restricted to upper reaches of larger rivers.[5] B. travancoria is distributed in the Chittar, Kallada and Pamba Rivers in southern Kerala and is considered a rare species.[9]

Appearance and anatomy

Batasio species typically have enlarged sensory pores on their head, laterally compressed heads and bodies, and at least 35 vertebrae.[5] B. tengana, B. pakistanicus and B. spilurus differ from other Batasio species in that their adipose fin is much shorter.[5] These fish are small catfish.[2] B. pakistanicus and B. spilurus are the smallest species, reaching only Шаблон:Convert SL and Шаблон:Cvt SL respectively.[5] The other species range from Шаблон:Cvt SL.[5]

B. affinis, B. dayi, and B. fluviatilis have bars or bands, spots or stripes, and are not plain-bodied.[9] B. pakistanicus has a black humeral spot with a dark streak on the dorsum.[9] B. batasio has a dark stripe along the lateral line and another above.[9] B. batasio does not exceed 10 centimetres (4 in).[15] B. fasciolatus and B. tigrinus are the only Batasio species in which the adult colouration consists of five or six vertical dark brown bars on a light brown body.[5] B. tengana has bands descending from the dorsal surface to the lateral line.[9] B. travancoria has a lateral stripe along the lateral line and a faint shoulder spot.[9] B. sharavatiensis is the only Batasio that has a completely plain and colourless body; its adipose fin is almost confluent (continuous) with the caudal fin save for a small notch.[9]

Batasio, like most other bagrids, are easy to sex. The male has a visible genital papilla just fore of the anal fin.[15] Gravid female B. tengana (South East Asian form) are easy to identify because the pink eggs can be seen through their semi-transparent belly when they swim near light.[15]

Ecology

Batasio species generally are found in fast-flowing hillstreams.[2] B. fluviatilis is found in rivers and streams with moderate to swift current and a predominantly rocky bottom, and is less often in slow-flowing streams with a muddy substrate.[11] B. tengana occurs in rivers and canals and is found in torrential streams.[16] B. travancoria occurs in hillstreams and rivers at the bases of hills.[17] B. fluviatilis hide among stones or submerged vegetation during the day and come out at night to feed.[11] B. batasio appears to mimic Mystus vittatus, with which it inhabits the same habitat.[15]

In the aquarium

B. tengana, though uncommon, is the most commonly encountered species of Batasio in the aquarium hobby.[15] B. tengana does well in captivity, and has been bred in captivity. The fish spawned in soft neutral water, but raising the fry, of which there were over 200, proved difficult.[15] The temperature for the Indian species should remain between Шаблон:Convert; the Southeast Asian Batasio will tolerate slightly warmer waters. It appears that all Batasio need a lot of current and a high oxygen content.[15]

B. batasio is another species in the hobby, but can be easily confused with Mystus vittatus.[15] B. travancoria has only once been imported to the U.S.[15] In captivity, the experience of one aquarist is that specimens of B. travancoria show little interest in all foods offered and slowly lose weight over a span of a few months and perish.[15]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Taxonbar

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  1. ↑ Шаблон:FishBase genus
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 Шаблон:Cite journal
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 Шаблон:Cite journal
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  5. ↑ 5,00 5,01 5,02 5,03 5,04 5,05 5,06 5,07 5,08 5,09 5,10 Шаблон:Cite journal
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  9. ↑ 9,0 9,1 9,2 9,3 9,4 9,5 9,6 9,7 9,8 Шаблон:Cite journal
  10. ↑ Шаблон:FishBase
  11. ↑ 11,0 11,1 11,2 Шаблон:FishBase
  12. ↑ Шаблон:FishBase
  13. ↑ Шаблон:FishBase
  14. ↑ Шаблон:FishBase
  15. ↑ 15,00 15,01 15,02 15,03 15,04 15,05 15,06 15,07 15,08 15,09 15,10 Шаблон:Cite journal
  16. ↑ Шаблон:FishBase
  17. ↑ Шаблон:FishBase
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