Английская Википедия:Battery Kingman
Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox military installation
Battery Kingman is an artillery emplacement at Fort Hancock, New Jersey. The Battery was named after Dan Christie Kingman (March 6, 1852 – November 14, 1916) an officer in the United States Army who served as Chief of Engineers from 1913 to 1916.
History
WWI
In the start of the 20th century changing technology meant that battleships out-ranged land based gun batteries. Brigadier General Dan C. Kingman saw this threat and had ordered the United States Army Corps of Engineers to design a new barbette carriage. To out-range battleships, the Model 1917 Barbette carriage, was introduced. He died, in 1916, during the design process so one of the Fort Hancock Batteries was named in his honor.[1] The BCLR M1917 carriage allowed for a maximum elevation of 35 degrees, which added about Шаблон:Convert to its range compared to the normal disappearing carriage.[2]
This new carriage system allowed [[12-inch gun M1895|Шаблон:Convert M1895 batteries]] to fire at a high angle over Шаблон:Convert in any direction.[3] In 1917 construction began on two 12-inch gun M1895 at Fort Hancock with two guns each on long-range barbette carriages; these were completed in 1921 and named Battery Kingman and Battery Mills.
WWII
The rise of air power meant static ground defences like Battery Kingman were vulnerable to air attack. Batteries Kingman and Mills were modernized to meet this threat and their guns were protected from aerial bombing by the addition of thick concrete walls and roofs making it a casemate or fortified gun emplacement or armored structure from which guns are fired.[3] In addition, several anti-aircraft gun batteries were installed in Fort Hancock.
Bibliography
Notes Шаблон:Reflist References
- Шаблон:Cite book - Total pages: 64
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Английская Википедия
- Forts in New Jersey
- Military installations in New Jersey
- National Historic Landmarks in New Jersey
- Military and war museums in New Jersey
- Sandy Hook, New Jersey
- Middletown Township, New Jersey
- National Register of Historic Places in Monmouth County, New Jersey
- 1917 establishments in New Jersey
- 1974 disestablishments in New Jersey
- Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in New Jersey
- Closed installations of the United States Army
- Military history of New York City
- Military installations established in 1917
- Military installations closed in 1974
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