Английская Википедия:Battle of Cynwit
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox military conflict Шаблон:Campaignbox Viking invasions of England The Battle of CynwitШаблон:Efn or Countisbury HillШаблон:Sfn took place between West Saxons and Vikings in 878. The location of the fortress the battle is named for is not known with certainty but probably was at Countisbury Hill or Wind Hill,Шаблон:Sfn near Countisbury, Devon. A possible alternative site for the siege and battle is Cannington Camp in the Parrett estuary near Combwich.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Prelude
The Viking army was said to have been led by Ubba,Шаблон:Efn brother of Ivar the Boneless and Halfdan Ragnarsson, and sailed from Dyfed (where they had overwintered) to land on the coast at CountisburyШаблон:Efn with 23 ships and 1200 men.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn On landing, the Viking army discovered that the West Saxons had taken refuge in a stronghold at "Cynuit", possibly Countisbury. According to the 10th century chronicler Æthelweard, the West Saxons were led by Odda, the ealdorman of Devon.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The Vikings perceived that the stronghold was unprepared for battle and decided to besiege it, as it did not seem to have any food or water supply.Шаблон:Sfn
Battle
According to Alfred's biographer Asser,Шаблон:Efn the West Saxons burst out of the fortress one day at dawn and were able to overwhelm the Viking forces, killing their leader and over eight hundred of his men. They also captured the fabled "raven banner".Шаблон:Sfn The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle recorded:
Aftermath
At the time of the battle, Alfred the Great of Wessex was on the run from the Vikings in the marshes of Somerset. It was therefore an important victory for the West Saxons won by someone other than Alfred, who was then leading English resistance to the Viking invasions.Шаблон:Sfn In addressing the year 878, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle claimed that "all but Alfred the King" had been subdued by the Vikings' Great Heathen Army:
Шаблон:Quote The Battle of Cynwit was one of several triumphant stories recorded by Asser and the Chronicle in 878, ultimately culminating in the English victory over the Vikings at the Battle of Edington.Шаблон:Sfn
In fiction
The battle appears in The Marsh King, a children's historical novel by C. Walter Hodges, where its location is called "Kynwit". Although this novel is about King Alfred, it gives due credit to Ealdorman Odda for this victory, although the description of the battle may not be very accurate, showing the Vikings as making a landing at night and being defeated immediately on the landing ground.Шаблон:Cn
The battle also features in Bernard Cornwell's novel The Last Kingdom. Cornwell ascribes the victory, as well as the killing of Ubba, to his hero Uhtred, though he is supported by forces commanded by Odda.Шаблон:Sfn
The battle is featured in BBC's and Netflix's presentation of The Last Kingdom. Like the novel that the show is based on, the battle culminates with the show's protagonist Uhtred of Bebbanburg slaying the Viking warlord Ubba in a duel, before Odda's reinforcements arrive to continue and ultimately win the battle.Шаблон:Cn
Notes
Citations
References
- Шаблон:Cite book
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- Шаблон:Cite wikisource
- Шаблон:Cite book
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- Шаблон:NHLE
- Шаблон:Cite book
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- Шаблон:Cite web
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Further reading
- Early sources
Шаблон:Viking Invasion of England
