Английская Википедия:Battle of Ostrołęka (1807)
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:For Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Use shortened footnotes Шаблон:Infobox military conflict Шаблон:Campaignbox Fourth Coalition Шаблон:OSM Location map
The Battle of Ostrołęka was fought on 16 February 1807 between a French force under General of Division Anne Jean Marie René Savary and a Russian force under Lieutenant General Ivan Essen.Шаблон:Sfn The French defeated the Russians and forced them to retreat to the east to Wyoki Mazowiecki.Шаблон:Sfn Weather conditions caused both sides to go into winter quarters immediately after the battle, which occurred during the War of the Fourth Coalition, part of the Napoleonic Wars. Ostrołęka is located in the northeast part of modern Poland, but in 1807 it belonged to the Kingdom of Prussia.
Background
Savary was in command of the V Corps on the extreme French right so as to guard the approaches to Warsaw by the Narew and Bug, and to cover the right rear of the movement northwards.Шаблон:Sfn After the French were driven out of Ostrów on 3 February, Savary received orders to abandon Brok and retire upon Ostrolenka, so as to strengthen his communication with the Emperor's army.Шаблон:Sfn Essen was ordered by Bennigsen to drive back Savary, who, at the same time, had made up his mind to assume the offensive.Шаблон:Sfn
Essen, with 25,000 men, advanced to Ostrolenka on the 15th, along the two banks of the Narew.Шаблон:Sfn Savary decided to hold Ostrolenka on the defensive, on 15 February, leaving 3 brigades on the low hills outside Ostrolenka flanked by batteries on the opposite bank, whilst he assumed the offensive on the morning of the 16th against the Russian force coming down the right bank.Шаблон:Sfn
Course
Early on 16 February, General of Division Honoré Théodore Maxime Gazan arrived at the vanguard with part of his division. At 9 a.m. he met the enemy on the road to Nowogród and attacked and routed them, but at the very same moment the Russians attacked Ostrołęka by the left bank.Шаблон:Sfn General of Brigade François Frédéric Campana, with a brigade from Gazan's division, and General of Brigade François Amable Ruffin, with a brigade from General of Division Nicolas Charles Oudinot's division, defended the town.Шаблон:Sfn Savary sent General of Division Honoré Charles Reille, his chief of staff.Шаблон:Sfn The Russian infantry, in many columns, wished to take the city but the French let them advance halfway up the streets before charging them, leaving the streets covered with the dead.Шаблон:Sfn The Russians abandoned the town and took up positions behind the sand hills that covered it.Шаблон:Sfn
Oudinot and General of Division Louis Gabriel Suchet and their divisions advanced and by midday, the heads of their columns arrived at Ostrołęka.Шаблон:Sfn Oudinot commanded the left in two lines, whilst Suchet commanded the centre and Reille, commanding a brigade of Gazan's division, formed the right.Шаблон:Sfn He "covered himself with all his artillery and marched against the enemy."Шаблон:Sfn Oudinot put himself at the head of a successful cavalry charge, cutting the cossacks in the enemy's rearguard to pieces.Шаблон:Sfn The exchange of fire was brisk.Шаблон:Sfn The Russian army gave way on all sides, and was followed fighting for three leagues.Шаблон:Sfn
Aftermath
The next day the Russians were "pursued several leagues."Шаблон:Sfn Two Russian generals and several other Russian officers were killed and three generals wounded. According to the 63rd bulletin of the Grande Armée (28 February 1807),Шаблон:Sfn the Russians left 1,200 wounded and 1,300 dead on the battlefield, with 7 cannon and two flags captured by the French.Шаблон:Sfn Only 60 French troops were killed, including Campana whose death was much grieved by Napoleon, with 400 to 500 wounded including Colonel Duhamel of the 21st Light Infantry Regiment and artillery Colonel Henri Marie Lenoury.Шаблон:Sfn
On Napoleon's orders, the V Corps went into winter quartersШаблон:Sfn along the right banks of the Omulew and the Narew down to Serock,Шаблон:Sfn holding Ostrolenka with a detachment and repairing the bridge there.Шаблон:Sfn The thaw was "dreadful" and the season allowed for no more campaigning – the enemy had left their winter quarters first, and "repented it."Шаблон:Sfn
Savary's action at Ostrolenka had revealed "that the Russians were in no great strength on this side, and that Napoleon had little to fear from any attempt to strike his communications with Warsaw."Шаблон:Sfn Oudinot was made a Count of the Empire and given a donation of a million francs. Savary received the Légion d'honneur.Шаблон:Sfn
The Battle of Ostrołęka is mentioned at the Galerie des Batailles at Versailles and on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, and is a battle honour of several French regiments.
Citations
References
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book 62nd and 63rd bulletin of the Grande Armée
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
External links
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