Английская Википедия:Besar Mertokusumo
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox person Besar Mertokusumo (also spelled Besar Martokusumo; 8 July 1894 – Шаблон:Circa 1980) was an Indonesian advocate, said by Daniel S. Lev to be the first.
Early life and education
Mertokusumo was born in Brebes, Central Java, Dutch East Indies on 8 July 1894Шаблон:Sfn to a prosecutor and his wife;Шаблон:Sfn he was the first of two children. Шаблон:Sfn He attended elementary school at a Europeesche Lagere School in Pekalongan, graduating in 1909.Шаблон:Sfn He then attended the Rechtschool in Batavia, which he graduated in 1915;Шаблон:Sfn there, he lived with numerous other Indonesian students under the supervision of a Dutchwoman, studying criminal law.Шаблон:Sfn After several years as the Official Seconded (Шаблон:Lang-nl) at the Landraad (state court) in Pekalongan, he received a grant to go to Leiden, Netherlands, to study at Leiden University together with eleven others.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn He graduated in 1922.Шаблон:Sfn
Legal and political career
After being refused equal legal status with the Dutch, Mertokusumo decided to become an advocate.Шаблон:Sfn He later established a law firm in Tegal, not far from his family in Brebes;Шаблон:Sfn at the time, there were few Dutch lawyers there.Шаблон:Sfn Despite a lack of support from his family,Шаблон:Sfn after a few years he was able to open a second branch in Semarang, attracting young lawyers to his firm with wages up to 600 gulden a month.Шаблон:Sfn
During the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, Mertokusumo served as the mayor of Tegal in April 1942; he was the first Native Indonesian mayor.Шаблон:Sfn In 1944 he became the regent of Tegal Regency.Шаблон:Sfn Towards the end of the Japanese occupation, he joined the Committee for Preparatory Work for Indonesian Independence and became the Assistant Resident of Pekalongan.Шаблон:Sfn
After independence, Mertokusumo served as secretary general of the Department of Justice.Шаблон:Sfn
Mertokusumo died at age 86Шаблон:Sfn on 23 February 1980.[1] He is buried in Giritama Cemetery, Bogor.Шаблон:Sfn
Legacy
American scholar of Indonesia Daniel S. Lev has called Mertokusumo Indonesia's first advocate,Шаблон:Sfn noting that he often represented poor Indonesian defendants in the Landraad, where they would be forced to sit on the floor.Шаблон:Sfn Lev writes that Mertokusumo "broke the ice" for Indonesian advocates.Шаблон:Sfn
On 17 August 1992, Mertokusumo received the Bintang Mahaputra posthumously for his legal work.Шаблон:Sfn
Personal life
Mertokusumo was married to Raden Ayu Majatoen, with whom he had four children.Шаблон:Sfn
References
- Footnotes
- Bibliography
Шаблон:Refend Шаблон:Members of the Committee for Preparatory Work for Indonesian Independence Шаблон:Authority control
- Английская Википедия
- 1894 births
- 1980s deaths
- 20th-century Indonesian lawyers
- BPUPK
- Indonesian collaborators with Imperial Japan
- Leiden University alumni
- People from Brebes Regency
- Year of death uncertain
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