Английская Википедия:Biodiversity of Cape Town

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Файл:Cape Town Vegetation Types 1 - original vegetation.jpg
Cape Town's original vegetation types
Файл:Cape Town Vegetation Types 2 - current surviving vegetation.jpg
Cape Town's surviving vegetation types

The Biodiversity of Cape Town is the variety and variability of life within the geographical extent of the City of Cape Town metropolitan municipality, excluding the Prince Edward Islands. The terrestrial vegetation is particularly diverse and much of it is endemic to the city and its vicinity. Terrestrial and freshwater animal life is heavily impacted by urban development and habitat degradation. Marine life of the waters immediately adjacent to the city along the Cape Peninsula and in False Bay is also diverse, and while also impacted by human activity, the habitats are relatively intact.

Floristic region (phytochorion)

The City of Cape Town lies within the Cape Floristic Kingdom, by far the smallest and most diverse of the earth's six floristic kingdoms,[1] an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, and home to over 9,000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent are endemic.[2] Much of this diversity is associated with the fynbos biome, a Mediterranean-type, fire-prone shrubland.[2] The economical worth of fynbos biodiversity, based on harvests of fynbos products (e.g. wildflowers) and eco-tourism, is estimated to be in the region of R77 million a year.[2] Thus, it is clear that the Cape Floristic Region has both economic and intrinsic biological value as a biodiversity hotspot.[2]

Vegetation types

Шаблон:See also Cape Town is located within a Conservation International biodiversity hotspot and is home to a total of 19 different and distinct vegetation types. (This enormous variety is mainly because the city is uniquely located at the convergence point of a great many different soil types and micro-climates.) These 19 vegetation types are mostly restricted to unusually small areas, and several are completely endemic to the city – occurring nowhere else in the world. Vegetation types include the following.[3][4] Шаблон:Div col

Шаблон:Div col end

Endemism

Файл:Table Mountain - South Africa (2418536788).jpg
Table Mountain as seen from Bloubergstrand. Some examples of the region's plant biodiversity is seen in the foreground.

Of the thousands of plant species that are indigenous to Cape Town, 190 are known to be endemic to the city - occurring nowhere else in the world. In addition, there are over a hundred animal species that are also restricted to the city.[5] Endemic plant species include the following.Шаблон:Clarify [6][7][8][9][10] Шаблон:Div col

Cape Peninsula endemics
Additional species

Шаблон:Div col end

Species records in South African Biodiversity Database

Mammals

Mammals present in Cape Town, Шаблон:As of, including the following.[11]Шаблон:Clarify[12]Шаблон:Clarify Шаблон:Div col

Шаблон:Div col end

Fish

Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Div col Fish present in Cape Town, Шаблон:As of, including the following.[11][12]

Шаблон:Div col end

Reptiles

Reptiles present in Cape Town, Шаблон:As of, including the following.[11][12] Шаблон:Div col

Шаблон:Div col end

Amphibians

Amphibians present in Cape Town, Шаблон:As of, including the following.[11][12] Шаблон:Div col

Шаблон:Div col end

Insects

Insects present in Cape Town, Шаблон:As of, including the following.[11][12] Шаблон:Div col

Шаблон:Div col end

Fungi

Fungi present in Cape Town, Шаблон:As of, including the following.[11][12] Шаблон:Div col

Шаблон:Div col end

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Cape Town Шаблон:Biodiversity of South Africa Шаблон:Biodiversity Worldwide

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
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Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 Odendaal L. J., Haupt T. M. & Griffiths C. L. (2008). "The alien invasive land snail Theba pisana in the West Coast National Park: Is there cause for concern?". Koedoe – African Protected Area Conservation and Science 50(1): 93-98. abstract, Шаблон:Doi.
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Dead link
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ A.B. Low & A.G. Rebelo (eds). Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho & Swaziland, a companion to the vegetation map of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Dept Environmental Affairs and Tourism, Pretoria. 85pp. Шаблон:ISBN.
  9. ↑ A.G. Rebelo, C. Boucher, N. Helme, L. Mucina, M.C. Rutherford et al. 2006. Fynbos Biome, in: L. Mucina & M.C. Rutherford (eds). The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19, pp 52‐219.
  10. ↑ Anthony G. Rebelo, Patricia M. Holmes, Clifford Dorse & Julia Wood. Cape Town: Averting a Biodiversity Megadisaster? Unpublished MS.
  11. ↑ 11,0 11,1 11,2 11,3 11,4 11,5 http://www.biodiversity.co.za/
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 12,2 12,3 12,4 12,5 Updated from South African Biodiversity Database (http://www.biodiversity.co.za/) as species present in Cape Town on 2011/01/06
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