Английская Википедия:Bissextus

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Шаблон:Short description Bissext, or bissextus (Шаблон:Etymology) is the leap day which is added to the Julian calendar and the Gregorian calendar every fourth year to compensate for the six-hour difference in length between the common 365-day year and the actual length of the solar year.[1][2] (The Gregorian calendar omits this leap day in years evenly divisible by 100, unless they are divisible by 400.)

In the Julian calendar, 24 FebruaryШаблон:Snd i.e. the 6th day before the calends (1st) of March, counting backwards inclusively in the Roman style (1/3, 28/2, 27/2, 26/2, 25/2, 24/2)Шаблон:Snd was doubled in a leap year. Consequently the Шаблон:Lang, or sixth before the calends, the Шаблон:Lang or "second sixth," was also 24 February.[3]Шаблон:Efn In modern usage, with the exception of some ecclesiastical calendars, this intercalary day is added for convenience at the end of the month of February, as 29 February, and years in which February has 29 days are called "bissextile years" or leap years.[1]

Replacement (by 29 February) of the awkward practice of having two days with the same date appears to have evolved by custom and practice.Шаблон:Efn In the course of the fifteenth century, "29 February" appears increasingly often in legal documentsШаблон:Snd although the records of the proceedings of the House of Commons of England continued to use the old system until the middle of the sixteenth century.[3]Шаблон:Rp It was not until passage of the Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 that 29 February was formally recognised in British law.[4]

Bissextile

Section II of the Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 uses the word "bissextile" as a term for leap years.[5] Шаблон:Blockquote

Notes

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References

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Further reading

  1. 1,0 1,1 Шаблон:EB1911
  2. Шаблон:Cite book
  3. 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite journal
  4. Шаблон:Cite book (calendar at the end of the Act)
  5. Шаблон:Cite book (This is the original 1750/51 Act, in facsimile image. For clearer text, with long s (Шаблон:Char) converted to modern Шаблон:Char, see British Calendar Act of 1751, the original text of the 1750 Act in plain text (ASCII), from Wikisource.)