Английская Википедия:Blue-eyed shag

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Automatic taxobox

Leucocarbo is a genus of birds in the family Phalacrocoracidae. Several species within the genus are collectively known as blue-eyed shags. This is a group of closely related cormorant taxa. Many have a blue, purple or red ring around the eye (not a blue iris); other shared features are white underparts (at least in some individuals) and pink feet.[1]

They are found around the colder parts of the Southern Hemisphere, especially near southern South America, Antarctica, and New Zealand. Many are endemic to remote islands. Determining which types are species and which are subspecies of what larger species is problematic; various recent authorities have recognized from 8 to 14 species and have placed them in a variety of genera. The common names are even more confusing, "like myriad footprints criss-crossing in the snow and about as easy to disentangle." Only one common name is given for most species here.[1]

Taxonomy

The genus Leucocarbo was introduced in 1856 by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte.[2] He did not specify a type species but this was designated as the guanay cormorant by William Ogilvie-Grant in 1898.[3][4] The name Leucocarbo combines the Ancient Greek leukos meaning "white" with the genus name Carbo introduced by Bernard Germain de Lacépède in 1799.[5]

A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that Leucocarbo is sister to the American cormorants in the genus Nannopterum; the genera split between 6.7 - 8.0 million years ago.[6]

The genus contains 16 species:[7]

Image Scientific name Common Name Distribution
Файл:Phalacrocorax magellanicus - Magellan Cormorant 02.jpg Leucocarbo magellanicus Rock shag or Magellanic cormorant The coast of Argentina, Uruguay and southern Chile.
Файл:Leucocarbo bougainvillii, Islas Ballestas 5.jpg Leucocarbo bougainvillii Guanay cormorant The western coast of South America (Extirpated from Argentina).
Файл:Leucocarbo-ranfurlyi-MATTERN.jpg Leucocarbo ranfurlyi Bounty shag Bounty Islands.
Файл:King Shag - Picton - New Zealand (39124704222).jpg Leucocarbo carunculatus New Zealand king shag, rough-faced shag or kawau New Zealand.
Файл:20181001 ChathamsA9D3 444 DxO (cropped).jpg Leucocarbo onslowi Chatham shag Chatham Islands.
Файл:Leucocarbo chalconotus (10741237885).jpg Leucocarbo chalconotus Otago shag Eastern coast of New Zealand.
Файл:Stewart Island Shag - Stewart Island - New Zealand (24295164267).jpg Leucocarbo stewarti Foveaux shag Stewart Island and the Foveaux Strait.
Файл:Auckland Shag on Enderby Island, 2006.jpg Leucocarbo colensoi Auckland shag Auckland Islands.
Файл:Phalacrocorax campbelli.jpg Leucocarbo campbelli Campbell shag Campbell Island.
Файл:Imperial Shags b.jpg Leucocarbo atriceps Imperial shag or blue-eyed shag Southern Chile and Argentina.
Файл:SGI-2016-South Georgia (Cooper Bay)–South Georgia Shag (Leucocarbo georgianus) (cropped).jpg Leucocarbo georgianus South Georgia shag South Georgia and the Shag Rocks.
Файл:Cormoran de Crozet à la pointe du Bougainville.jpg Leucocarbo melanogenis Crozet shag The Antarctic Peninsula, South Shetland Islands and Elephant Island.
Файл:Antarctic Shags at Jougla Point, Antarctica (6063123007).jpg Leucocarbo bransfieldensis Antarctic shag Crozet Island, Prince Edward Island and Marion Island.
Файл:Phalacrocorax verrucosus (AM LB8512).jpg Leucocarbo verrucosus Kerguelen shag Kerguelen Islands.
Leucocarbo nivalis Heard Island shag Heard and McDonald Islands.
Файл:MacquarieIslandCormorant.JPG Leucocarbo purpurascens Macquarie shag Macquarie Island.

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Suliformes Genera Шаблон:Taxonbar