Английская Википедия:Bluefish Caves
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox ancient site Bluefish Caves is an archaeological site in Yukon, Canada, located Шаблон:Convert southwest of the Vuntut Gwichin community of Old Crow.[1] It has been controversially suggested that human occupation radiocarbon dates to 24,000 years Before Present (BP) based on radiocarbon dating of animal remains,[2] but these dates are contested due to the uncertain stratigraphic context of the archaeological remains relative to the dated animal remains.[3][4] There are three small caves in the area.[5]
Context
Bluefish Cave was initially known to the local First NationsШаблон:Citation needed, but was popularized by a fishing expedition in 1976, and later by researchers.Шаблон:ClarifyШаблон:Citation needed This site is made up of three small caves, ranging from Шаблон:Convert.[6] The first cave contains various animal bones that appear to have been dragged there by predators; findings of cut marks may point to a human presence.[7]
The Old Crow Flats, another important area with early human presence, are located about 75 km northeast of the Bluefish Caves.[8]
Dating
The site was excavated by archaeologist Jacques Cinq-Mars between 1977 and 1987, and the initial radiocarbon dating suggested an age of 24,000 before present (BP).[9] This was considered controversial as it was in contrast to the Clovis-First theory, widely accepted by academics at the time, which considered the earliest settlement date of North America to be around 13,000 BP.[10] A review of the site in 2017 found it to be 24,000 years old,[11] lending support to the "Beringian standstill" hypothesis — that the ancestors of Native Americans spent considerable time isolated in a Beringian refuge during the Last Glacial Maximum before populating the Americas.[12] A later paper questioned the dating (based on claimed disturbances) and the culturality of the faunal remains,[3] but support for the 2017 study was reiterated by the author of that report.[13]
See also
References
Further reading
- Heather Pringle (MARCH 8, 2017), What Happens When an Archaeologist Challenges Mainstream Scientific Thinking?—The story of Jacques Cinq-Mars and the Bluefish Caves shows how toxic atmosphere can poison scientific progress. Hakai Magazine, SMITHSONIAN.COM
- The Bluefish Caves in Beringian Prehistory by Jacques Cinq-Mars, Archaeological Survey of Canada
External links
- Investigating Ice Age America’s Ancient Abattoir at Atlas Obscura, January 30, 2023
Шаблон:Navbox prehistoric caves Шаблон:Pre-Columbian North America Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ Burke, A., and J. Cinq-Mars, "Paleoethological Reconstruction and Taphonomy of Equus Lambei from the Bluefish Caves, Yukon Territory, Canada", Arctic, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 105–15, 1998
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Kathryn E. Krasinski and John C. Blong. 2020. "Unresolved Questions about Site Formation, Provenience, and the Impact of Natural Processes on Bone at the Bluefish Caves, Yukon Territory," Arctic Anthropology 57(1): 1 1-21. doi: 10.3368/aa.57.1.1
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Heather Pringle (MARCH 8, 2017), What Happens When an Archaeologist Challenges Mainstream Scientific Thinking? Шаблон:Webarchive -- The story of Jacques Cinq-Mars and the Bluefish Caves shows how toxic atmosphere can poison scientific progress. Hakai Magazine, SMITHSONIAN.COM
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ J. Cinq-Mars (2001), On the significance of modified mammoth bones from eastern Beringia. Шаблон:Webarchive
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ LaurianeBourgeon. 2021. "Revisiting the Mammoth Bone Modifications from Bluefish Caves (YT, Canada)," Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 37, 102969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.102969
