Английская Википедия:Boat lift

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Файл:Strépy-Bracquegnies JPG03.jpg

Strépy-Thieu boat lift (Belgium, Wallonia)

Файл:FalkirkWheelSide 2004 SeanMcClean.jpg

The Falkirk Wheel (Scotland)

Файл:PeterboroughLiftLock23.jpg

Peterborough Lift Lock (Canada)

A boat lift, ship lift, or lift lock is a machine for transporting boats between water at two different elevations, and is an alternative to the canal lock.

It may be vertically moving, like the Anderton boat lift in England, rotational, like the Falkirk Wheel in Scotland, or operate on an inclined plane, like the Ronquières inclined plane in Belgium.

History

A precursor to the canal boat lift, able to move full-sized canal boats, was the tub boat lift used in mining, able to raise and lower the 2.5 ton tub boats then in use. An experimental system was in use on the Churprinz mining canal in Halsbrücke near Dresden. It lifted boats Шаблон:Cvt using a moveable hoist rather than caissons. The lift operated between 1789 and 1868, and for a period of time after its opening engineer James Green reporting that five had been built between 1796 and 1830. He credited the invention to Dr James Anderson of Edinburgh.

The idea of a boat lift for canals can be traced back to a design based on balanced water-filled caissons in Erasmus Darwin's Commonplace Book (pp. 58–59) dated 1777–1778

In 1796 an experimental balance lock was designed by James Fussell and constructed at Mells on the Dorset and Somerset Canal, though this project was never completed. A similar design was used for lifts on the tub boat section of the Grand Western Canal entered into operation in 1835 becoming the first non-experimental boat lifts in Britain and pre-dating the Anderton Boat Lift by 40 years.

In 1904 the Peterborough Lift Lock designed by Richard Birdsall Rogers opened in Canada. This Шаблон:Convert high lift system is operated by gravity alone, with the upper bay of the two bay system loaded with an additional Шаблон:Cvt of water as to give it greater weight.

Before the construction of the Three Gorges Dam Ship Lift, the highest boat lift, with a Шаблон:Convert height difference and European Class IV (1350 tonne) capacity, was the Strépy-Thieu boat lift in Belgium opened in 2002.

The ship lift at the Three Gorges Dam, completed in January 2016, is Шаблон:Cvt high and able to lift vessels of up to 3,000 tons displacement.

The boat lift at Longtan is reported to be even higher in total with a maximum vertical lift of Шаблон:Cvt in two stages when completed. Шаблон:-

Selected lift locks

Notable lift locks — ordered by size

Name	Location	Opened	Type	Displacement	Dimensions	Vertical lift	Cycle time	Notes
Goupitan ship-lifting system (second lift)	Guizhou, China	2021	Vertical caisson	500 tons	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert		Tallest boat lift in the world.
Goupitan ship-lifting system (first lift)	Guizhou, China	2021	Vertical caisson	500 tons		Шаблон:Convert
Three Gorges Dam ship lift	Yichang, Hubei, China	2016	Vertical caisson	3000 tons	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	30–40 minutes
Krasnoyarsk Dam ship lift	Divnogorsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia	1982	Inclined plane	1500 tons	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	90 minutes
Ronquières inclined plane lift	Braine-le-Comte, Hainaut, Belgium	1968	Inclined plane	1350 tons	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	22 minutes
Strépy-Thieu boat lift	Le Rœulx, Hainaut, Belgium	2002	Vertical caisson	1350 tons	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	7 minutes	Tallest boat lift in Europe.
Scharnebeck twin ship lift	Lüneburg, Lower Saxony, Germany	1974	Vertical caisson	1350 tons	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	3 minutes
Niederfinow boat lift	Brandenburg, Germany	1934	Vertical caisson		Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	20 minutes
Niederfinow north boat lift	Brandenburg, Germany	2022	Vertical caisson	2100 tonnes	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert
Peterborough lift lock	Ontario, Canada	1904	Vertical caisson	1300 tons	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	10 minutes
Kirkfield Lift Lock	Ontario, Canada	1907	Vertical caisson	1300 tons	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	10 minutes
Rothensee boat lift	Saxony-Anhalt, Germany	1938	Vertical caisson	1000 tons	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	20 minutes
Falkirk Wheel	Falkirk, Scotland, United Kingdom	2002	Rotating caisson	600 tons	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Converts	4 minutes	The only rotating boat lift in the world.
Henrichenburg boat lift	North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany	1962	Vertical caisson	600 tons	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	25 minutes
Geheyan Dam ship lift	Hubei, China	1987	Vertical caisson	300 tons
Longtan Dam ship lift (first lift)	Hechi, Guangxi Autonomous Region, China	2020	Vertical caisson	500 tons	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert
Longtan Dam ship lift (second lift)	Hechi, Guangxi Autonomous Region, China	2020	Vertical caisson	500 tons	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert
Canal du Centre boat lifts	Hainaut, Belgium	1888–1917	Vertical caisson	360 tons/350 tons	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert		Three lifts each 16.93 m high plus one 15.4 m high.
Fontinettes boat lift	Arques, Pas-de-Calais, France	1881–88	Vertical caisson	300 tons	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	5 minutes	Replaced by a single lock in 1967.
Anderton boat lift	Cheshire, England, United Kingdom	1875	Vertical caisson	250 tons	Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert
Montech water slope	Montech, Tarn-et-Garonne, France	1974	Water slope		Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert	6 minutes	Oldest water slope.
Fonserannes Water Slope	Hérault, France	1980–83	Water slope		Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert
Big Chute Marine Railway	Ontario, Canada	1917–78	Patent slip		Шаблон:Convert	Шаблон:Convert

See also

• List of boat lifts
• Lock (water transport)
• Balance lock
• Canal inclined plane – another technique for lifting boats.
• Caisson lock: a submerged boat lift.
• Shiplift – used for raising vessels in shipyards
• Marine railway inclined plane for shipyards
• Water slope
• Saint-Louis-Arzviller boat lift, France – which is actually a canal inclined plane
• Portable boat lift
• Patent slip

Further reading

• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book

External links

• Шаблон:Cite web Source mentions its own sources
• The International Canal Monuments List
• Шаблон:Note Three Gorges Dam
• Big Chute, Ontario – in fact an inclined plane
• Twin Ship Elevator Lüneburg – Technical data of the Scharnebeck twin ship lift near Lüneburg, Germany
• Dutch boat lift page