Английская Википедия:Bootle (UK Parliament constituency)

Bootle is a constituency^{[n 1]} which has been represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament, since 2015 by Peter Dowd of the Labour Party.^{[n 2]}

History

From 1885 to 1935, the constituency returned Conservative MPs, with its most notable MP being Conservative Party leader Bonar Law from 1911 to 1918, when property qualifications for the vote were abolished. Bonar Law would later serve as UK Prime Minister from 1922 to 1923, though at that point he no longer represented Bootle in the House of Commons. James Burnie of the Liberal Party held the seat from 1922 to 1924, and the seat was briefly held by John Kinley from the Labour Party from 1929 to 1931 and became a Conservative–Labour marginal seat in the 1930s when the mainstream Labour party formed the National Government. The Labour Party has held it continuously since the 1945 general election; this period saw two decades of steep decline in the profitability of Liverpool Docks, manufacturing and shipbuilding, which employed many constituents. At the three general elections from 1997, Bootle was the safest seat for any party in the United Kingdom by percentage of majority.

In 1990, two by-elections were held in Bootle. The first followed the death of Allan Roberts on 21 February, and was held on 24 May. Jack Holmes, the candidate of the continuing Social Democratic Party (representing the faction of the party which did not merge with the Liberal Democrats) was beaten by Screaming Lord Sutch of the Official Monster Raving Loony Party, contributing to the end of the SDP. The victorious Labour candidate, Michael Carr unexpectedly died on 20 July 1990 after just 57 days in office.

The second by-election, held on 8 November 1990, was won by the Labour candidate, Joe Benton. Benton retained Bootle at the next four general elections with large majorities. At the 2005 general election, the seat was the safest seat by percentage of majority and had the highest winning share of the vote.^[1] In June 2014, Benton announced that he would retire at the 2015 general election.

The 2015 result made the seat the fifth-safest of Labour's 232 seats by percentage of majority (with a winning vote share of 74.5% and a majority of 63.6%).^[2]^[3]

Constituency profile

Though the seat has some small neighbourhoods with middle-to-high incomes, residents generally have some of the lowest UK incomes and there is a higher-than-average proportion of social housing.^[4] The Bootle constituency has long been one of the safest seats in the United Kingdom and since 1945, has given a majority of votes cast to the Labour Party at each general election. Since 1964, the size of the majority (by vote share) has been in double digits; since 1992, it has been over 50%, peaking at 74.4% in the 1997 Blair landslide election. However, the Labour vote share was at its highest in 2017, when Peter Dowd received 84% of votes cast. Both the size of the majority and the share of the vote represent an unbeaten record for this constituency.

Boundaries

Шаблон:Maplink

Файл:Bootle1974Constituency.svg

Bootle in Lancashire, boundaries used 1974-83

1885–1918: The Boroughs of Bootle-cum-Linacre and Liverpool, the parishes of Childwall, Fazakerley, Walton-on-the-Hill, and Wavertree, and parts of the parishes of Toxteth Park and West Derby.

1918–1950: The County Borough of Bootle.

1950–1955: The County Borough of Bootle, and the Urban District of Litherland.

1955–1974: The County Borough of Bootle.^[5]

1974–1983: The County Borough of Bootle, and the Urban District of Litherland.^[6]

1983–1997: The Metropolitan Borough of Sefton wards of Church, Derby, Ford, Linacre, Litherland, Netherton, Orrell, and St Oswald.

1997–2010: As above less Church ward.

2010–present: The Metropolitan Borough of Sefton wards of Church, Derby, Ford, Linacre, Litherland, Netherton and Orrell, St Oswald, and Victoria.

The constituency covers the southern part of the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton in Merseyside. This comprises Bootle itself plus other localities including Crosby, Waterloo, Seaforth, Litherland, Netherton, Orrell and Ford.

Boundary changes that came into force as a result of the 2010 general election being called saw the constituency grow to also include parts of the old Crosby constituency, with the electoral wards of Church and Victoria being added. Although these areas are more affluent than some parts of Bootle, it has not changed the seat from being anything other than a safe Labour one.

Proposed

Further to the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, enacted by the Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023, the composition of the constituency from the next general election, due by January 2025, will be unchanged.^[7]

Members of Parliament

Election		Member^[8]	Party
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1885	Thomas Sandys	Conservative
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1911 by-election	Bonar Law	Conservative
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1918	Sir Thomas Royden, Bt.	Coalition Conservative
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1922	James Burnie	Liberal
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1924	Vivian Henderson	Conservative
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1929	John Kinley	Labour
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1931	Chichester Crookshank	Conservative
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1935	Eric Errington	Conservative
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1945	John Kinley	Labour
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1955	Simon Mahon	Labour
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1979	Allan Roberts	Labour
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1990 by-election (May)	Michael Carr	Labour
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1990 by-election (Nov)	Joe Benton	Labour
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	2015	Peter Dowd	Labour

Elections

Elections in the 2020s

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Elections in the 2010s

Elections in the 2000s

Elections in the 1990s

Elections in the 1980s

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Elections in the 1970s

Elections in the 1960s

Elections in the 1950s

Elections in the 1940s

Шаблон:Election box begin Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box turnout Шаблон:Election box gain with party link Шаблон:Election box end

Elections in the 1930s

Elections in the 1920s

Elections in the 1910s

Шаблон:Election box begin Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link coalition 1918 Шаблон:Election box candidate Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box turnout Шаблон:Election box hold with party link Шаблон:Election box end 1918

Файл:Andrew Bonar Law 2.jpg

Bonar Law

General Election 1914–15:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

Unionist: Bonar Law
Liberal:

Elections in the 1900s

Elections in the 1890s

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Файл:Thomas Sandys.jpg

Sandys

Шаблон:Election box begin Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box turnout Шаблон:Election box registered electors Шаблон:Election box hold with party link Шаблон:Election box end

Elections in the 1880s

Notes

Шаблон:Reflist

References