Английская Википедия:Borassus aethiopum
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Borassus aethiopum is a species of Borassus palm from Africa. In English, it is variously referred to as African fan palm, African palmyra palm, deleb palm, ron palm, toddy palm, black rhun palm, rônier palm (from the French). It is widespread across much of tropical Africa from Senegal to Ethiopia and south to northern South Africa, though it is largely absent from the forested areas of Central Africa and desert regions such as the Sahara and Namib. This palm also grows in northwest Madagascar and the Comoros.[1][2]
Description
The typical form of Borassus aethiopum is a solitary palm to Шаблон:Convert in height and Шаблон:Convert in diameter at the base. In the river bottoms (floodplains) of many East African rivers (the Rufiji in Tanzania and the Tana in Kenya among others) a closely related form can be up to Шаблон:Convert thick at breast height (Шаблон:Convert above ground) and having the same thickness in its upper ventricosity. It also has a height of up to Шаблон:Convert.[3][4][5] The fan-shaped leaves are Шаблон:Convert wide (larger, to Шаблон:Convert in the bottomlands form) with petioles Шаблон:Convert long; the margins are armed with spines. In male plants, the small flowers are largely concealed within the scaly catkins; the much larger female flowers reach Шаблон:Convert wide and produce yellow to brown fruits. Each fruit contains 1-3 seeds, each enclosed within a woody endocarp.[6] The floodplains variety is almost certainly the most massive of all palms, comparable to Jubaea chilensis, the Chilean wine palm.
Uses
The tree has many uses: the fruit are edible, as are the tender roots produced by the young plant;[7] fibres can be obtained from the leaves; and the wood (which is reputed to be termite-proof) can be used in construction.[8]
See also
- Great Mosque of Djenné (an example of the use of the wood in construction)
References
External links
- Horticopia page on B. aethiopium
- PACSOF page on B. aethiopium
- La Plant Encyclo page on B. aethiopum (in French)
- Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database page on Borassus
Шаблон:Taxonbar Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ AFPD. 2008. African Flowering Plants Database - Base de Donnees des Plantes a Fleurs D'Afrique.
- ↑ Dr. Al C. Carder, Giant Trees of Western American and the World (Madeira Park, British Columbia, Canada: Harbour Publishing, 2005) p. 130
- ↑ Ferdinand von Mueller, Select Extra-Tropical Plants, (Sydney: Gov't Printer, 1881) P. 50. Quoting: Lt. Col. James A. Grant and Daniel Oliver, The Botany of the Speke and Grand Expedition (London: R. Taylor, 1875)
- ↑ Reinhard Kunkel, Elephants (New York: Harry N. Abrams Inc. Publishers, 1982) Color Plate pp. 100-101 Adult elephants give size comparison. Caption (p. 242) mistakenly calls these "oil palms".
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite Collier's
- ↑ Bailey, L.H. & E.Z. Bailey. 1976. Hortus Third i–xiv, 1–1290. MacMillan, New York.
