Английская Википедия:Borujerd
Borujerd (Шаблон:Lang-fa Шаблон:IPA-fa) is a city in the Central District of Borujerd County, Lorestan province in western Iran, and serves as both capital of the district and of the county.
At the 2021 National Census, its population was 334.497 in 59,388 households.[1] The following census in 2011 counted 240,654 people in 71,730 households.[2] The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 234,997 people in 74,146 households.[3]
Among the existing modern cities in Iran, Borujerd is one of the oldest reported at least since the 9th century. In Sassanid Empire, Borujerd was a small town and region neighboring Nahavand. Gaining more attention during Great Seljuq Empire in the 9th and 10th centuries, Borujerd stood as an industrial, commercial and strategic city in Zagros Mountains until the 20th century. In its golden ages, Borujerd was selected as the state capital of Lorestan and Khuzestan region during Qajar dynasty in the 18th and 19th centuries. Due to the existence of a large number of production and industrial units and the supply of their products in the domestic and foreign markets, Borujerd is considered the industrial hub of Lorestan province.
Foundation and name
The history of Borujerd before the advent of Islam is not well known. Parthian-era artifacts have been discovered in its environs by non-professional excavators. Moreover, one of Iran's oldest mosques, the Jameh Mosque of Borujerd, was constructed on the remains of a Zoroastrian fire temple. This proves that the region was populated before Islam arrived. The Parthian king Orodes II (Шаблон:Reign) is credited by some academics with laying the city's foundation. They believe that "Borujerd" stems from the Middle Persian word Wurūgird/Wulūgird/Orodhkard, meaning "built by Orodes." Others consider it to have been built by the Sasanian king Peroz I (Шаблон:Reign), arguing that "Piruzgird" was its original name, before being changed into "Burugird", and then later Arabicised into "Burujird".Шаблон:Sfn
History
Only from the 9th-century does the name "Borujerd" appear in Islamic chronicles. It first appears in the Kitāb al-buldān of Ibn al-Faqih (Шаблон:Fl), and is later reported in various forms, such as "Warukird", "Warugird", "Barugird" and "Barujird".Шаблон:Sfn
Esteemed religious institutions operated in Borujerd during the Qajar era, producing two distinguished Shia scholars, Asad Allah Borujerdi (died Шаблон:Circa) and Hossein Borujerdi (died 1961).Шаблон:Sfn
Demographics
The linguistic composition of the city:[4]Шаблон:Bar box
Geography and climate
Borujerd city is located approximately 1670 meters above sea level and has a moderate climate with cold winters. The highest point is Garrin Mountain 3623 m above sea level and the lowest area is Gelerood River in South with 1400 m elevation. Borujerd Township has 2600 km2 area with approximately 400,000 inhabitants distributed in the city of Oshtorinan and more than 180 villages. Owing to favorable topographic and climatic conditions, the plains are devoted to cultivation of grain. Wherever irrigation is possible (by means of qanāts, wells, diversion of water of streams), cotton, melons, grapes, and fruit trees (especially almonds) are grown.[5]
Borujerd is located on Silakhor Plain which is the largest agricultural land of Lorestan. The high-elevated Zagros Mountains surrounds it from South East to North West and the peaks are covered with snow most of the times. Rural people work in farms or keep their domestic animals. Other people work in governmental offices, armed forces, factories or small local businesses. The feet of Zagros Mountains is a great destination for nomads and many Lurs and Bakhtiari nomads move there in summer. The area is paved with highways and is a crossroad between Tehran and Khuzestan Province as well as Isfahan Province and Kermanshah Province.
Population
Borujerd City has 256,962 inhabitants (estimated for 2006) and it is the 31st largest city in Iran and the 2nd largest in Lorestan [1]. Borujerd is the industrial point of Lorestan. Its historical and cultural background as well as its remarkable nature, has changed it to a tourist destination. The city has been named as Dār-Al-Sorur which means the house of happiness. Borujerd's population was estimated about 20000 in mid-1800s. Official statistics by
Historical attractions
- Jameh Mosque of Borujerd
- Soltani Mosque of Borujerd
- Imamzadeh Ja'far, Borujerd
- Imamzadeh Ghasem, Borujerd
- Imamzadeh Ibrahim, Borujerd
- Imamzadeh Shahzadeh Abol-Hasan, Borujerd
- Imamzadeh Vallian, Borujerd
- Imamzadeh Ghasem, Borujerd
- Zavvarian Tomb of Borujerd
- Ghaleh Hatam Bridge, Borujerd
- Chalanchulan Bridge, Borujerd
- Ghorogh Hill, Borujerd
- Roomian Hill, Borujerd
- Bazaar of Borujerd
Parks and natural attractions
- Goldasht Valley, Borujerd
- Vennaii Village, Borujerd
- Chogha Hill of Borujerd
- Bishe Dalan Pound, Borujerd
- Oshtorankuh, Dorood
- Women's Park of Borujerd
Notable people from Borujerd
- Hossein Borujerdi, religious leader
- Abdolhossein Zarrinkoob, writer and historian
- Loris Tjeknavorian, musician
- Zahra Rahnavard, artist and politician
- Mostafa Abdollahi, director and actor
- Jafar Shahidi, historian and bibliographer
- Mehrdad Avesta, poet 20th-century
- Arvin Moazzami, athlete
- Moḥammad Mahdi Baḥr al-Ulūm, mystic
- Ahmad Khatami, professor
- Ehsan Mohajer Shojaei, athlete
- Mahvash, singer, dancer and stage performer
- Ehsan Rouzbahani, athlete
- Mohammad Boroujerdi, commander
- Ali Abdo, athlete
- Saman Salur, film director
- Mohammad Boroujerdi, commander
- Reza Beiranvand, athlete
- Iraj Rad, actor
- Farnaz Esmaeilzadeh, athlete
- Mahmoud Saremi, reporter
- Abdolmohammad Ayati, author and field of philosophy
- Mir Shamsuddin Adib-Soltani, philosopher
- Mohammad Hanif, writer
- Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast, pharmacologist
- Mahmoud Khatami, philosopher
- Bahram Ghasemi, diplomat
- Asadullah Boroujerdi, prominent
- Abolghasem Khazali, shi'i cleric
- Farnaz Esmaeilzadeh, speed climber
- Shahram Entekhabi, video and installation artist
- Salar Abdoh, novelist
- Hossein Kazemeyni Boroujerdi, twelver Shi'i
- Ahmad Moballeghi, professor
- Ehsan Mohajer Shojaei, middle-distance running
Gallery
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Fadak Park
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Yadbood Square.
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Soltani Mosque (18th century)
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Goldasht Valley.
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Imamzadeh Ja'far (11th century)
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Qale Hatam Bridge
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Countryside of Borujerd.
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Borujerd View of Takhti street.
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Borujerd downtown
See also
References
Sources
External links
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- Английская Википедия
- Borujerd County
- Populated places in Lorestan Province
- Populated places in Borujerd County
- Cities in Lorestan Province
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
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