Английская Википедия:Bourrasque-class destroyer
Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship class overviewШаблон:Infobox ship characteristics
The Bourrasque class[1] was a group of twelve French Navy destroyers (torpilleur) laid down in 1923 and in service from 1926 to 1950. Along with the heavier Шаблон:Sclass, they were part of a plan to modernise the French fleet after the First World War. The Bourrasques were smaller and slower than the Chacals, but were nonetheless comparable with the British W class. The class saw varied service in the Second World War, in five different navies, on both sides. These ships were named after types of wind.
The design was used as the basis for the two Шаблон:Sclasss built for the Polish Navy during the late 1920s.
Design and description
The Bourrasque class had an overall length of Шаблон:Convert, a beam of Шаблон:Convert, and a draft of Шаблон:Convert. The ships displaced Шаблон:Convert at (standard) load and Шаблон:Convert at deep load. They were powered by two geared steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by three du Temple boilers. The turbines were designed to produce Шаблон:Convert, which would propel the ship at Шаблон:Convert. The ships carried enough fuel oil to give them a range of Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert.[2]
The main armament of the Bourrasque-class ships consisted of four [[Canon de 130 mm Modèle 1919|Canon de Шаблон:Cvt Modèle 1919]] guns in shielded single mounts, one superfiring pair each fore and aft of the superstructure. Their anti-aircraft (AA) armament consisted of a single [[Canon de 75 mm Modèle 1924|Canon de Шаблон:Cvt Modèle 1924]] gun. The ships carried two triple mounts of Шаблон:Convert torpedo tubes amidships. A pair of depth charge chutes were built into their stern that housed a total of sixteen Шаблон:Convert depth charges.[2]
Ships
| Ship name | Builder | Laid down | Launched | Шаблон:Abbr | Completed | In service | Fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Lang | Ateliers et Chantiers de France, Dunkirk | 12 Nov 1923 | 5 Aug 1925 | 23 Sep 1926 | 23 Sep 1926 | Mined and lost off Nieuwpoort during Operation Dynamo, 30 May 1940 | |
| Шаблон:Lang | Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée, Le Havre | 29 Sep 1923 | 24 Jan 1925 | 15 Mar 1927 | 31 May 1927 | 25 Jun 1928 | Damaged by E-boat S-24 30 May 1940; scuttled at Brest 18 Jun 1940 |
| Шаблон:Lang | 28 Nov 1923 | 6 Jun 1925 | 5 Apr 1927 | 1 Jun 1927 | 21 Jan 1928 | Constructive total loss 10 Jun 1944; decommissioned 17 Feb 1950 | |
| Шаблон:Lang | Chantiers Navals Français, Caen | 20 Aug 1923 | 30 Aug 1924 | 1 Oct 1926 | 1 Sep 1926 | 19 Jan 1927 | Sunk 23 May 1940 |
| Шаблон:Lang | 7 Sep 1923 | 6 Dec 1924 | 19 Jan 1927 | 15 Sep 1927 | Loaned to Poland; decommissioned 3 Jul 1940 | ||
| Шаблон:Lang | Ateliers et Chantiers de St Nazaire-Penhoet, St. Nazaire | 8 Aug 1923 | 3 Jun 1924 | 1 Jan 1926 | 29 Apr 1926 | Aug 1926 | Decommissioned 17 Feb 1950; scrapped 1950 |
| Шаблон:Lang | 15 Mar 1924 | 3 Oct 1925 | 1 Jul 1927 | 5 Feb 1928 | Sunk by the E-boats S-23 and S-26 during Operation Dynamo, 31 May 1940 | ||
| Шаблон:Lang | Ateliers et Chantiers Dubigeon, Nantes | 3 Dec 1923 | 21 Feb 1925 | 20 Jul 1926 | 28 Sep 1926 | Sep 1926 | Decommissioned, scrapped 1950 |
| Шаблон:Lang | Dyle et Bacalan, Bordeaux | 25 Apr 1923 | 12 Mar 1925 | 1 Oct 1927 | 10 May 1928 | 21 May 1928 | Sunk 8 Nov 1942 |
| Шаблон:Lang | Forges et Chantiers de la Gironde, Bordeaux | 29 Jun 1923 | 29 Nov 1924 | 15 May 1927 | 15 Oct 1927 | 1 Jan 1928 | Lost 8 Nov 1942 |
| Шаблон:Lang | 5 Mar 1924 | 27 Dec 1925 | 1 Jun 1927 | 27 Oct 1927 | 21 Dec 1927 | Scuttled 27 Nov 1942; decommissioned 17 Feb 1950 | |
| Шаблон:Lang | 1 Sep 1923 | 22 May 1925 | 15 Feb 1928 | 27 Jun 1928 | 22 Oct 1928 | Scuttled 9 Nov 1942 |
Service
Four ships of the class - Bourrasque, Cyclone, Orage and Sirocco - were lost in 1940; Orage on 23 May, sunk by German bombers; Bourasque by German mines and artillery fire on 30 May while evacuating troops from Dunkirk; Sirocco on 31 May, to German torpedo boats while engaged in the same operation; and Cyclone, having been badly damaged on 30 May by torpedo boats was scuttled at Brest on 18 June to prevent her capture.
Mistral and Шаблон:Ship were captured by the British in Plymouth harbour on 3 July 1940 during Operation Catapult. Both were eventually transferred to the Free French. Somewhat circuitously, Ouragan was first transferred to the Free Polish Navy. Both survived the war.
Tornade and Tramontaine were lost in the same engagement off Oran on 8 November 1942, against allied units protecting Operation Torch. Typhon was scuttled in Oran harbour to stop her being acquired by the Allies.
Simoun and Tempête, based at Casablanca, joined the Allies in November 1942. They may have joined the battleship Шаблон:Ship in engaging the Allied 'Covering Group', a taskforce based on the battleship Шаблон:USS.
Trombe was the only ship of the class to be scuttled at Toulon in November 1942 alongside much of the French Navy. She was later raised, commissioned into the Italian Navy as FR31, and then re-transferred to the Free French on 28 October 1943. This destroyer was crippled (constructive total loss) by a fascist Italian MTM explosive motorboat on 17 April 1945 in the Gulf of Genoa.
Notes
References
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
External links
Шаблон:Bourrasque class destroyer Шаблон:WWII French ships
