Английская Википедия:Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences
Материал из Онлайн справочника
Перейти к навигацииПерейти к поиску
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox award
The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences is a scientific award, funded by internet entrepreneurs Mark Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan of Facebook; Sergey Brin of Google; entrepreneur and venture capitalist Yuri Milner; and Anne Wojcicki, one of the founders of the genetics company 23andMe.[1]
The award of $3 million, the largest award in the sciences,[2] is given to researchers who have made discoveries that extend human life. The Prize is awarded annually, beginning in 2013, with six awards given in each subsequent year. Winners are expected to give public lectures and form the committee to decide future winners.[1] The ceremony takes place in the San Francisco Bay Area, with the symposiums alternating between University of California, Berkeley, University of California, San Francisco, and Stanford University.
Laureates
| Year | Portrait | Laureate (birth/death) |
Country | Rationale | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013[1] | Файл:Cori Bargmann at 10th International Conference on Zebrafish Development and Genetics.jpg | Cornelia Bargmann (b. 1961) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for the genetics of neural circuits and behavior, and synaptic guidepost molecules." | Rockefeller University |
| Файл:Plos botstein.jpg | David Botstein (b. 1942) |
Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
"for linkage mapping of Mendelian disease in humans using DNA polymorphisms." | Princeton University | |
| Файл:Blank.png | Lewis C. Cantley (b. 1949) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for the discovery of PI 3-Kinase and its role in cancer metabolism." | Harvard Medical School Weill Cornell Medical College | |
| Файл:Hans Clevers (2018).jpg | Hans Clevers (b. 1957) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for describing the role of Wnt signaling in tissue stem cells and cancer." | Hubrecht Institute | |
| Файл:Titia de Lange 2011.jpg | Titia de Lange (b. 1955) |
Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
"for research on telomeres, illuminating how they protect chromosome ends and their role in genome instability in cancer." | Rockefeller University | |
| Файл:Blank.png | Napoleone Ferrara (b. 1956) |
Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
"for discoveries in the mechanisms of angiogenesis that led to therapies for cancer and eye diseases." | University of California, San Diego | |
| Файл:Eric Lander, PCAST Co-Chair (cropped).jpg | Eric S. Lander (b. 1957) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for the discovery of general principles for identifying human disease genes, and enabling their application to medicine through the creation and analysis of genetic, physical and sequence maps of the human genome." | Massachusetts Institute of Technology Broad Institute | |
| Файл:Charles Sawyers.jpg | Charles L. Sawyers (b. 1959) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for cancer genes and targeted therapy." | Howard Hughes Medical Institute Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center | |
| Файл:Blank.png | Robert A. Weinberg (b. 1942) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for characterization of human cancer genes." | Massachusetts Institute of Technology Whitehead Institute | |
| Файл:Shinya yamanaka10.jpg | Shinya Yamanaka (b. 1962) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for induced pluripotent stem cells." | Kyoto University J. David Gladstone Institutes University of California, San Francisco | |
| Файл:Bert Vogelstein giving the Trent Lecture.jpg | Bert Vogelstein (b. 1949) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for cancer genomics and tumor suppressor genes." | Howard Hughes Medical Institute Johns Hopkins University | |
| 2014[3] | Файл:James P. Allison EM1B5525 (46207775441).jpg | James P. Allison (b. 1948) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for the discovery of T cell checkpoint blockade as effective cancer therapy." | M. D. Anderson Cancer Center |
| Файл:Blank.png | Mahlon DeLong (b. 1938) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for defining the interlocking circuits in the brain that malfunction in Parkinson's disease – this scientific foundation underlies the circuit-based treatment of Parkinson's disease by deep brain stimulation." | Emory University | |
| Файл:Michael N Hall.jpg | Michael N. Hall (b. 1953) |
Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
"for the discovery of Target of Rapamycin (TOR) and its role in cell growth control." | Biozentrum University of Basel | |
| Файл:Robert Langer.jpg | Robert Langer (b. 1948) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for discoveries leading to the development of controlled drug-release systems and new biomaterials." | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | |
| 75pg | Richard P. Lifton (b. 1953) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for the discovery of genes and biochemical mechanisms that cause hypertension." | Yale University School of Medicine | |
| Файл:Blank.png | Alexander Varshavsky (b. 1946) |
Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
"for discovering critical molecular determinants and biological functions of intracellular protein degradation." | Caltech | |
| 2015[4] | Файл:Benabid June 2013.jpg | Alim-Louis Benabid (b. 1942) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for the discovery and pioneering work on the development of high-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has revolutionized the treatment of Parkinson's disease." | Joseph Fourier University |
| Файл:C. David Allis.jpg | C. David Allis (1951–2023) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for the discovery of covalent modifications of histone proteins and their critical roles in the regulation of gene expression and chromatin organization, advancing the understanding of diseases ranging from birth defects to cancer." | Rockefeller University | |
| Файл:Ambros3.jpg | Victor Ambros (b. 1953) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for the discovery of a new world of genetic regulation by microRNAs, a class of tiny RNA molecules that inhibit translation or destabilize complementary mRNA targets." | University of Massachusetts Medical School | |
| Файл:Blank.png | Gary Ruvkun (b. 1952) |
Шаблон:Flag | Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School | ||
| Файл:Jennifer Doudna - 26931829655.jpg | Jennifer Doudna (b. 1964) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for harnessing an ancient mechanism of bacterial immunity into a powerful and general technology for editing genomes, with wide-ranging implications across biology and medicine." | University of California, Berkeley Howard Hughes Medical Institute Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory | |
| Файл:Emmanuelle Charpentier.jpg | Emmanuelle Charpentier (b. 1968) |
Шаблон:Flag | Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research Umeå University | ||
| 2016[5] | Файл:Edward Boyden World Economic Forum 2013.jpg | Edward S. Boyden (b. 1979) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for the development and implementation of optogenetics – the programming of neurons to express light-activated ion channels and pumps, so that their electrical activity can be controlled by light." | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| Файл:Karl Deisseroth by Christopher Michel 04.jpg | Karl Deisseroth (b. 1971) |
Шаблон:Flag | Stanford University Howard Hughes Medical Institute | ||
| Файл:Blank.png | John Hardy (b. 1954) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for discovering mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene that cause early onset Alzheimer's disease, linking accumulation of APP-derived beta-amyloid peptide to Alzheimer's pathogenesis and inspiring new strategies for disease prevention." | University College London | |
| Файл:Blank.png | Helen Hobbs (b. 1952) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for the discovery of human genetic variants that alter the levels and distribution of cholesterol and other lipids, inspiring new approaches to the prevention of cardiovascular and liver disease." | University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Howard Hughes Medical Institute | |
| Файл:Professor Svante Paabo ForMemRS.jpg | Svante Pääbo (b. 1955) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for pioneering the sequencing of ancient DNA and ancient genomes, thereby illuminating the origins of modern humans, our relationships to extinct relatives such as Neanderthals, and the evolution of human populations and traits." | Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology | |
| 2017[6] | Файл:Blank.png | Stephen J. Elledge (b. 1956) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for elucidating how eukaryotic cells sense and respond to damage in their DNA and providing insights into the development and treatment of cancer." | Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Howard Hughes Medical Institute |
| Файл:Blank.png | Harry F. Noller (b. 1939) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for discovering the centrality of RNA in forming the active centers of the ribosome, the fundamental machinery of protein synthesis in all cells, thereby connecting modern biology to the origin of life and also explaining how many natural antibiotics disrupt protein synthesis." | University of California, Santa Cruz | |
| Файл:Blank.png | Roeland Nusse (b. 1950) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for pioneering research on the Wnt pathway, one of the crucial intercellular signaling systems in development, cancer and stem cell biology." | Stanford University Howard Hughes Medical Institute | |
| Файл:Yoshinori Osumi 201511.jpg | Yoshinori Ohsumi (b. 1945) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for elucidating autophagy, the recycling system that cells use to generate nutrients from their own inessential or damaged components." | Tokyo Institute of Technology | |
| Файл:Huda Zoghbi.jpg | Huda Zoghbi (b. 1954) |
Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
"for discoveries of the genetic causes and biochemical mechanisms of spinocerebellar ataxia and Rett syndrome, findings that have provided insight into the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and neurological diseases." | Baylor College of Medicine Texas Children's Hospital Howard Hughes Medical Institute | |
| 2018[6] | Файл:Joanne Chory 2017 (cropped).jpg | Joanne Chory (b. 1955) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for discovering how plants optimize their growth, development, and cellular structure to transform sunlight into chemical energy." | Salk Institute for Biological Studies Howard Hughes Medical Institute |
| Файл:Peter Walter (1954-) - from Flicker 2194972175.jpg | Peter Walter (b. 1954) |
Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
"for elucidating the unfolded protein response, a cellular quality-control system that detects disease-causing unfolded proteins and directs cells to take corrective measures." | University of California, San Francisco Howard Hughes Medical Institute | |
| Файл:Kazutoshi Mori cropped Kazutoshi Mori 20160314.jpg | Kazutoshi Mori (b. 1958) |
Шаблон:Flag | Kyoto University | ||
| Файл:KimNasmyth.jpg | Kim Nasmyth (b. 1952) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for elucidating the sophisticated mechanism that mediates the perilous separation of duplicated chromosomes during cell division and thereby prevents genetic diseases such as cancer." | University of Oxford | |
| Файл:Cleveland Don.jpg | Don W. Cleveland (b. 1950) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for elucidating the molecular pathogenesis of a type of inherited ALS, including the role of glia in neurodegeneration, and for establishing antisense oligonucleotide therapy in animal models of ALS and Huntington disease." | University of California, San Diego | |
| 2019[6] | Файл:C. Frank Bennett.jpg | C. Frank Bennett (b. 1960) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for the development of an effective antisense oligonucleotide therapy for children with the neurodegenerative disease spinal muscular atrophy." | Ionis Pharmaceuticals |
| Файл:Adrian Krainer.jpg | Adrian R. Krainer (b. 1958) |
Шаблон:Flag | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory | ||
| Файл:Angelikaamon.jpg | Angelika Amon (1967–2020) |
Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
"for determining the consequences of aneuploidy, an abnormal chromosome number resulting from chromosome mis-segregation." | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | |
| Файл:Blank.png | Xiaowei Zhuang (b. 1972) |
Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
"for discovering hidden structures in cells by developing super-resolution imaging – a method that transcends the fundamental spatial resolution limit of light microscopy." | Harvard University Howard Hughes Medical Institute | |
| Файл:Blank.png | Zhijian James Chen (b. 1966) |
Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
"for elucidating how DNA triggers immune and autoimmune responses from the interior of a cell through the discovery of the DNA-sensing enzyme cGAS." | UT Southwestern Medical Center Howard Hughes Medical Institute | |
| 2020[7] | Файл:Jeffrey Friedman Royal Society.jpg | Jeffrey M. Friedman (b. 1954) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for the discovery of a new endocrine system through which adipose tissue signals the brain to regulate food intake." | Rockefeller University Howard Hughes Medical Institute |
| Файл:Blank.png | Franz-Ulrich Hartl (b. 1957) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for discovering functions of molecular chaperones in mediating protein folding and preventing protein aggregation." | Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry | |
| Файл:WALS 1.27.10 Arthur Horwich 4m49s (cropped).jpg | Arthur L. Horwich (b. 1951) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for discovering functions of molecular chaperones in mediating protein folding and preventing protein aggregation." | Yale School of Medicine Howard Hughes Medical Institute | |
| Файл:Davidjuliuswithsnake cropped.jpg | David Julius (b. 1955) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for discovering molecules, cells, and mechanisms underlying pain sensation." | University of California, San Francisco | |
| Файл:Virginia M.-Y. Lee.png | Virginia Man-Yee Lee (b. 1945) |
Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
"for discovering TDP43 protein aggregates in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and revealing that different forms of alpha-synuclein, in different cell types, underlie Parkinson's disease and Multiple System Atrophy." | University of Pennsylvania | |
| 2021[8] | Файл:DBaker SparkPlugMtn July2013.JPG | David Baker (b. 1962) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for developing technology that allowed the design of proteins never seen before in nature, including novel proteins that have the potential for therapeutic intervention in human diseases." | University of Washington Howard Hughes Medical Institute |
| Файл:Catherine Dulac.jpg | Catherine Dulac (b. 1963) |
Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
"for deconstructing the complex behavior of parenting to the level of cell-types and their wiring, and demonstrating that the neural circuits governing both male and female-specific parenting behaviors are present in both sexes." | Harvard University Howard Hughes Medical Institute | |
| Файл:Blank.png | Yuk Ming Dennis Lo (b. 1963) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for discovering that fetal DNA is present in maternal blood and can be used for the prenatal testing of trisomy 21 and other genetic disorders" | The Chinese University of Hong Kong | |
| Файл:Blank.png | Richard J. Youle (b. 1952) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for elucidating a quality control pathway that clears damaged mitochondria and thereby protects against Parkinson's Disease." | National Institutes of Health | |
| 2022[9] | Файл:Blank.png | Jeffery W. Kelly (b. 1960) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for elucidating the molecular basis of neurodegenerative and cardiac transthyretin diseases, and for developing tafamidis, a drug that slows their progression." | Scripps Research Institute |
| Файл:Katalin Kariko light corrected.jpeg | Katalin Karikó (b. 1955) |
Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
"for engineering modified RNA technology which enabled rapid development of effective COVID-19 vaccines." | BioNTech University of Pennsylvania | |
| Файл:Drew Weissman Life Science medalist.jpg | Drew Weissman (b. 1958) |
Шаблон:Flag | University of Pennsylvania | ||
| Файл:Shankar Balasubramanian, Herchel Smith Professor of Medicinal Chemistry.jpg | Shankar Balasubramanian (b. 1966) |
Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
"for the development of a robust and affordable method to determine DNA sequences on a massive scale, which has transformed the practice of science and medicine." | University of Cambridge | |
| Файл:Blank.png | David Klenerman (b. 1959) |
Шаблон:Flag | University of Cambridge | ||
| Файл:PascalMayer202106 JCMayer.jpg | Pascal Mayer (b. 1963) |
Шаблон:Flag | Alphanosos | ||
| 2023[10] | Файл:Blank.png | Clifford P. Brangwynne (b. -) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for discovering a fundamental mechanism of cellular organization mediated by phase separation of proteins and RNA into membraneless liquid droplets." | Princeton University Howard Hughes Medical Institute Marine Biological Laboratory |
| Файл:Blank.png | Anthony A. Hyman (b. 1962) |
Шаблон:Flag | Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics | ||
| Файл:Demis Hassabis Royal Society.jpg | Demis Hassabis (b. 1976) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for developing a deep learning AI method that rapidly and accurately predicts the three-dimensional structure of proteins from their amino acid sequence.." | DeepMind | |
| Файл:Blank.png | John Jumper (b. -) |
Шаблон:Flag | DeepMind | ||
| Файл:Blank.png | Emmanuel Mignot (b. 1959) |
Шаблон:Flag | "for discovering that narcolepsy is caused by the loss of a small population of brain cells that make a wake-promoting substance, paving the way for the development of new treatments for sleep disorders.." | Stanford University School of Medicine | |
| Файл:Masashi Yanagisawa cropped 2 Masashi Yanagisawa 201911.jpg | Masashi Yanagisawa (b. 1960) |
Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center University of Tsukuba | ||
| 2024 | Файл:J. P. Allison & C. H. June (2015) (June cropped).JPG | Carl H. June (b. 1953) |
Шаблон:Flag | "For the development of chimeric antigen receptor T cell immunotherapy whereby the patient's T cells are modified to target and kill cancer cells." | Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania |
| Файл:Immunologist Michel Sadelain.jpg | Michel Sadelain | Шаблон:Flag | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | ||
| Файл:Blank.png | Sabine Hadida | Шаблон:Flag Шаблон:Flag |
"For developing life-transforming drug combinations that repair the defective chloride channel protein in patients with cystic fibrosis." | Vertex Pharmaceuticals | |
| Файл:Blank.png | Paul Negulescu | Шаблон:Flag | |||
| Файл:Blank.png | Fredrick Van Goor | Шаблон:Flag | |||
| Файл:Blank.png | Thomas Gasser | Шаблон:Flag | "For identifying GBA1 and LRRK2 as risk genes for Parkinson's disease, implicating autophagy and lysosomal biology as critical contributors to the pathogenesis of the disease." | Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases | |
| Файл:Ellen Sidransky.jpg | Ellen Sidransky | Шаблон:Flag | National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH | ||
| Файл:Andrew Singleton.jpg | Andrew Singleton (b. 1972) |
Шаблон:Flag | National Institute on Aging, NIH |
See also
- Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics[12]
- Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics
- List of biology awards
- List of medicine awards
References
External links
Шаблон:Breakthrough Prize laureates
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ The Economist. "Take it, Alfred" https://www.economist.com/blogs/babbage/2013/02/science-prizes
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 6,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Laureates 2023
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news Шаблон:Subscription required
Категории:
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- Academic awards
- Biology awards
- Medicine awards
- International awards
- Awards established in 2013
- Life extension
- Russian science and technology awards
- Yuri Milner
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
_-_from_Flicker_2194972175.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
_(June_cropped).JPG){kind=link}
