Английская Википедия:Breil/Brigels
Шаблон:Infobox Swiss town Breil/Brigels is a municipality in the Surselva Region in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. On 1 January 2018 the former municipalities of Andiast and Waltensburg/Vuorz merged into the municipality of Breil/Brigels.
The name of the municipality comes from the word brigilo, meaning little town. The name comes from the village name in the two local languages. In Romansh the name is Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:IPA-rm while in German it is Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:IPA-de.
History
While the area was settled in the late Roman era or Early Middle Ages, Breil/Brigels is first mentioned in 765 as in Bregelo when the Bishop of Chur granted a farm in Breil/Brigels to Disentis Abbey. Shortly thereafter, the Abbey established a church and fortification on St. Eusebius' hill near the village. The village church of S. Maria and the chapel of S. Sievi (Chaplutta Son Sievi) both came under control of the Abbey in 1185 at the order of the Pope.[1] New immigrants, known as the Freie von Laax, moved into the village during the middle ages which weakened the power of the Abbey. In the early 14th Century, the pro-Habsburg Abbot Hugo III of Werdenberg marched into the valley to reestablish his authority, but was forced out in 1327. Following a fire which destroyed much of the Abbey in 1387, the Abbot Johannes of Ilanz sold his alpine pastures in Breil/Brigels to pay for the reconstruction. In 1491, the village of church of S. Maria was raised to a parish church. Then, in 1496 the Abbey church and fort on St. Eusebius' hill both burned to the ground and were not rebuilt. During the plague of 1550 the village had 316 deaths. Six years later the plague struck again, killing 180 and in 1631 a third plague killed 130. In 1738, the village became free of the obligation to provide tithes to the church.[2]
Geography
Breil/Brigels has an area, Шаблон:As of, of Шаблон:Convert. Of this area, 35.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while 23.5% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 2.4% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (38.9%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).[3]
Before 2017, the municipality was located in the Disentis sub-district of the Surselva district, after 2017 it was part of the Surselva Region.[4] It consists of the village of Breil/Brigels on a terrace north of the Vorderrhein valley and the hamlets of Dardin-Capeder (Dardin) below the village and Danis-Tavanasa (Danis, Tavanasa) on the valley floor. Until 1943 Breil/Brigels was known as Brigels.[5]
Demographics
Breil/Brigels has a population (as of Шаблон:Swiss populations date) of Шаблон:Swiss populations.Шаблон:Swiss populations ref Шаблон:As of, 4.7% of the population was made up of foreign nationals.[6] Over the last 10 years the population has decreased at a rate of -0.1%.[3]
Шаблон:As of, the gender distribution of the population was 50.6% male and 49.4% female.[7] The age distribution, Шаблон:As of, in Breil/Brigels is; 145 children or 12.2% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 167 teenagers or 14.1% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 98 people or 8.3% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 195 people or 16.4% are between 30 and 39, 139 people or 11.7% are between 40 and 49, and 133 people or 11.2% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 160 people or 13.5% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 103 people or 8.7% are between 70 and 79, there are 43 people or 3.6% who are between 80 and 89 there are 4 people or 0.3% who are between 90 and 99.[6]
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the CVP which received 67.8% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SVP (18.2%), the FDP (7.1%) and the SP (6.6%).[3]
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Breil/Brigels about 61.6% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).[3]
Breil/Brigels has an unemployment rate of 1.14%. Шаблон:As of, there were 90 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 37 businesses involved in this sector. 108 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 15 businesses in this sector. 280 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 62 businesses in this sector.[3]
The historical population is given in the following table:[2]
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1850 | 1,086 |
| 1888 | 848 |
| 1900 | 859 |
| 1910 | 1,033 |
| 1950 | 1,169 |
| 1960 | 1,272 |
| 2000 | 1,187 |
Language
Most of the population (Шаблон:As of) speaks Sursilvan Romansh (80.5%), with German being second most common (14.3%) and Italian being third (1.5%).[8]
Religion
From the Шаблон:As of, 1,044 or 88.0% are Roman Catholic, while 57 or 4.8% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there are 10 individuals (or about 0.84% of the population) who belong to the Orthodox Church, and there are 9 individuals (or about 0.76% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There are 13 (or about 1.10% of the population) who are Islamic. 20 (or about 1.68% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 34 individuals (or about 2.86% of the population) did not answer the question.[6]
The Protestant Reformation did not catch on in the municipality because of the influence of the nearby Disentis Abbey.
Heritage sites of national significance
The Chaplutta Son Sievi is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance.[9]
Transportation
The municipality has two railway stations: Шаблон:Rws and Шаблон:Rws. Both are located on the Reichenau-Tamins–Disentis/Mustér line with regular service to Шаблон:Rws and Шаблон:Rws.
References
Шаблон:Reflist Шаблон:Commons category
External links
Шаблон:Municipalities of the Surselva Region Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ Village of Breil/Brigels history Шаблон:In lang accessed 2 November 2009
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:HDS
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 Swiss Federal Statistical Office Шаблон:Webarchive accessed 02-Nov-2009
- ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz - Mutationsmeldungen 2016 accessed 16 February 2017
- ↑ Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz published by the Swiss Federal Statistical Office Шаблон:In lang accessed 23 September 2009
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 6,2 Graubunden Population Statistics Шаблон:Webarchive Шаблон:In lang accessed 21 September 2009
- ↑ Graubunden in Numbers Шаблон:Webarchive Шаблон:In lang accessed 21 September 2009
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance Шаблон:Webarchive 21.11.2008 version, Шаблон:In lang accessed 02-Nov-2009
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