Английская Википедия:Breviary of Jerusalem
The Breviary of Jerusalem (also called the Short Description of Jerusalem) is a short late antique Latin guidebook for Christian pilgrims to Jerusalem.Шаблон:Sfn
Date and authorship
The date of the Breviary is uncertain. Date from as early as the late 4th centuryШаблон:Sfn or about 400Шаблон:Sfn to as late as the late 5th or early 6th centuryШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn or about 530Шаблон:Sfn have been proposed.
The work is anonymous as it stands. Accepting a date from the time of Marcellinus Comes, who was still editing his chronicle in 534, Brian Croke has suggested that the Breviary could be a part of Marcellinus' lost work on Jerusalem.Шаблон:Sfn This work is known from a remark in Cassiodorus' Institutions, written in the 550s, that Marcellinus "has described the city of Constantinople and the city of Jerusalem in four short books in considerable detail."Шаблон:Sfn
Manuscripts and editions
The Breviary is preserved in three manuscripts representing two recensions.Шаблон:Sfn These are, in chronological order:
- Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Laud Misc. 263, at fol. 1r–v (from late 8th or early 9th century)Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
- St Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek, MS 732, at pp. 100–104 (from 811)Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
- Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana, MS M 79 sup., at fol. 44r–v (from 12th century)Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Another copy of the Breviary was apparently in Iona Abbey in the 7th century, since it was one of the sources used by Adomnán in his De locis sanctis (698).Шаблон:Sfn The version found in the Oxford and Milan manuscripts is longer than that in the St. Gallen copy, but both versions contain unique material. It is thus impossible to reconstruct the original text, since the pathway by which the two text forms came about is underdetermined.Шаблон:Sfn
The Breviary has been printed several times.Шаблон:Sfn In the most recent edition, the Oxford and Milan text is called forma a and that of St Gallen forma b. They are printed in parallel columns.Шаблон:Sfn Brett Whalen has provided an English translation of the forma a.Шаблон:Sfn Paul Riant was responsible for an earlier Latin edition,[1] which was translated by Aubrey Stewart for the Palestine Pilgrims' Text Society.Шаблон:Sfn
Content
The title of the Breviary comes from the start of the A text: Incipit breuiarius quomodo Hierosolima constructa est[2] ('Here begins the brief description about how the city of Jerusalem is built').Шаблон:Sfn It is limited in scope to the city of Jerusalem and does not mention any other places in the Holy Land.Шаблон:Sfn
The Breviary is similar textually to the slightly later pilgrimage accounts of Theodosius and the anonymous pilgrim of Piacenza and all three may have made use of an official guidebook. Where they differ, the Breviary is closer to that of Theodosius.Шаблон:Sfn It begins with a description of the church of the Holy Sepulchre complex.Шаблон:Sfn It differs in order from both the aforementioned guides, describing the three main buildings—the Constantinian Basilica, the shrine of Golgotha and the church of the Anastasis—from east to west, the order found in the earlier Epitome of Eucherius. A major change in Christian pilgrimage had taken place between the time of the Epitome and the Breviary. The former does not mention the public display of relics associated with Jesus, but in the latter they are prominent.Шаблон:Sfn
The Breviary is the earliest source to mention the existence of a Church of the Holy Wisdom on the site of Pilate's praetorium.Шаблон:Sfn Other churches mentioned are the Church of Zion and the Church of Saint Peter.Шаблон:Sfn
Notes
Bibliography
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Reprinted in Шаблон:Harvnb.
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb. In contrast, the B text begins De doctrina quod est in sancta Hierusalem ('About the doctrine which is in Holy Jerusalem').
