Английская Википедия:Bridgwater (UK Parliament constituency)

Bridgwater was a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, until 2010 when it was replaced by the Bridgwater and West Somerset constituency. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

Further to the completion of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat will be re-established for the next general election, primarily formed from the (to be abolished) constituency of Bridgwater and West Somerset - excluding the area comprising the former District of West Somerset.^[1]

History

Bridgwater was one of the original Parliamentary Constituencies in the House of Commons, having elected Members of Parliament since 1295, the Model Parliament.

The original borough constituency was disenfranchised for corruption in 1870. From 4 July 1870 the town was incorporated within the county constituency of West Somerset.

From Parliament's enactment of the major Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 which took effect at the 1885 general election, a new county division of Bridgwater was created, which lasted with modifications until 2010. The constituency expanded considerably beyond Bridgwater town itself from 1885.

Bridgwater frequently compared to other seats had a radical or game-changing representative, though since 1950 this became less noticeable in its candidates elected.

The seat received particular fame in late 1938 when a by-election took place in the aftermath of the signing of the Munich Agreement. Opponents of the agreement persuaded the local Labour and Liberal parties to not field candidates of their own against the Conservative candidate, but to instead jointly back an independent standing on a platform of opposition to the Government's foreign policy, in the hope that this would be the precursor to the formation of a more general Popular Front of opposition to the government of Neville Chamberlain in anticipation of the General Election due in either 1939 or 1940. The noted journalist Vernon Bartlett stood as the independent Popular Front candidate and achieved a sensational victory in what was hitherto a Conservative seat. He represented the constituency for the next twelve years.

In 1970 another by-election in the constituency achieved fame as it was the first occasion when 18-, 19- and 20-year-olds were able to vote in a UK Parliamentary election. The first teenager to cast a vote was Trudy Sellick, 18 on the day of the poll. The by-election was won by the future Conservative Cabinet Minister Tom King who held the seat for the next thirty-one years, followed by another Conservative until its abolition in 2010.

Boundaries

1885–1918: The Municipal Borough of Bridgwater, the Sessional Division of Bridgwater, and parts of the Sessional Divisions of Taunton and Ilminster.

1918–1950: The Municipal Borough of Bridgwater, the Urban Districts of Burnham-on-Sea, Highbridge, Minehead, and Watchet, and the Rural Districts of Bridgwater and Williton.

1950–1983: The Municipal Borough of Bridgwater, the Urban Districts of Burnham-on-Sea, Minehead, and Watchet, and the Rural Districts of Bridgwater and Williton. Highbridge Urban District had been absorbed by Burnham-on-Sea UD in 1933, but the constituency boundaries remained unchanged.

1983–2010: The District of Sedgemoor wards of Cannington and Combwich, Central, Dowsborough, Eastern Quantocks, Eastover, East Poldens, Hamp, Huntspill, Newton Green, North Petherton, Parchey, Pawlett and Puriton, Quantock, Sandford, Sowey, Sydenham, Victoria, Westonzoyland, West Poldens, and Woolavington, and the District of West Somerset wards of Alcombe, Aville Vale, Carhampton and Withycombe, Crowcombe and Stogumber, Dunster, East Brendon, Holnicote, Minehead North, Minehead South, Old Cleeve, Porlock and Oare, Quantock Vale, Watchet, West Quantock, and Williton.

Members of Parliament

Constituency created (1295)

Bridgwater borough, 1295–1870

MPs 1295–1640

Шаблон:Expand list

Parliament	First member	Second member
1377	William Tomer^[2]	John Sydenham^[3]
1380 (Jan)	William Tomer ^[2]
1383 (Oct)	William Tomer^[2]
1385	William Tomer^[2]
1386	John Sydenham	Richard Mayne^[3]
1388 (Feb)	John Sydenham	Richard Mayne^[3]
1388 (Sep)	John Palmer	John Wynd^[3]
1390 (Jan)	William Tomer	John Palmer^[3]
1390 (Nov)
1391	William Tomer	John Sydenham^[3]
1393	William Tomer	Robert Boson^[3]
1394	John Cole	John Palmer^[3]
1395	William Tomer	John Kedwelly^[3]
1397 (Jan)	William Tomer	John Kedwelly^[3]
1397 (Sep)	William Tomer	John Sydenham ^[3]
1399	William Tomer	John Kedwelly ^[3]
1401
1402	William Tomer	John Kedwelly^[3]
1404 (Jan)
1404 (Oct)
1406	William Tomer	William Gascoigne^[3]
1407	William Gascoigne	Richard Ward^[3]
1410	William Gascoigne	John Kedwelly^[3]
1411
1413 (Feb)
1413 (May)	William Gascoigne	William Gosse^[3]
1414 (Apr)	William Gascoigne	Thomas Cave^[3]
1414 (Nov)	William Gascoigne	John Kedwelly^[3]
1415
1416 (Mar)
1416 (Oct)
1417	William Gascoigne	John Kedwelly^[3]
1419	William Gascoigne	Richard Mayne^[3]
1420	William Gascoigne	Martin Jacob^[3]
1421 (May)	James FitzJames	William Gascoigne^[3]
1421 (Dec)	William Gascoigne	John Pitt^[3]
1442	William Dodesham	William Gascoigne
1449	Thomas Driffield	John Maunsel
1453	John Maunsel
1467	James FitzJames
1467	John Kendall (4 terms)
1472	Sir Thomas Tremayle
1483	John Hymerford	William Hody^[4]
1510–1523	No names known ^[5]
1529	Henry Thornton	Hugh Trotter^[5]
1536	?
1539	?
1542	?
1545	Thomas Dyer	Alexander Popham^[5]
1547	Sir Thomas Dyer	Alexander Popham^[5]
1553 (Mar)	Sir Thomas Dyer	Richard Gubby^[5]
1553 (Oct)	Sir Thomas Dyer	Nicholas Halswell
1554 (Apr)	John Newport	Robert Molyns (or Mullens) ^[6]
1554 (Nov)	John Newport	John Chapell
1555	Thomas Dyer	Edmund Lyte
1558	John Newport	Robert Molyns (or Mullens)
1559	Sir Thomas Dyer	Robert Molyns (or Mullens)
1563–1567	John Edwards	Nicholas Halswell
1571		Edward Popham
1572–1581
1584–1585	Robert Blake
Parliament of 1586–1587		John Court
Parliament of 1588–1589		Alexander Popham
1593	Robert Bocking	William Thomas
1597–1598	Alexander Jones	Alexander Popham
1601	Sir Francis Hastings	Alexander Popham
1604–1611	Sir Nicholas Halswell	John Povey
Addled Parliament (1614)	Robert Halswell	Thomas Warre
1621–1622	Roger Warre	Edward Popham
Happy Parliament (1624–1625)	Roger Warre
Useless Parliament (1625)	Sir Arthur Lake
1625–1626	Sir Arthur Lake
1628	Thomas Smith	Sir Thomas Wroth
1629–1640	No Parliament summoned

1640–1868

Year		First member^[7]	First party		Second member^[7]	Second party
April 1640		Robert Blake		rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Edmund Wyndham^[8]	Royalist
November 1640	rowspan="3" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Sir Peter Wroth	Parliamentarian		Edmund Wyndham^[8]	Royalist
February 1641	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|			Thomas Smith	Royalist
August 1642	Smith disabled from sitting — seat vacant
May 1644	Smith disabled from sitting — seat vacant			Wroth died — seat vacant
1645		Admiral Robert Blake^[9]			Sir Thomas Wroth
1653	Bridgwater was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament
1654		Admiral Robert Blake		Bridgwater had only one seat in the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate
1656		Sir Thomas Wroth
January 1659					John Wroth
May 1659				One seat vacant
April 1660					Francis Rolle
1661		Edmund Wyndham			John Tynte
November 1669					Sir Francis Rolle
December 1669					Peregrine Palmer
February 1679		Sir Halswell Tynte			Sir Francis Rolle
September 1679					Ralph Stawell
1681					Sir John Malet
1685				rowspan="3" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Sir Francis Warre	Tory
1689	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Henry Bull	Tory
1692		Robert Balch
1695		Nathaniel Palmer			Roger Hoar
1698		George Crane			Roger Hoar
1699		George Crane		style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Sir Francis Warre	Tory
January 1701		John Gilbert		rowspan="3" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	George Balch	Tory
November 1701		Sir Thomas Wroth
1708	rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	George Dodington	Whig
1710	rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	George Dodington	Whig	Nathaniel Palmer	Tory
1713		John Rolle		Nathaniel Palmer	Tory
1715	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	George Dodington	Whig	rowspan="3" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Thomas Palmer	Tory
1720		William Pitt
1722		George Dodington
1727				style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Sir Halswell Tynte	Tory
1731				style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Thomas Palmer	Tory
1735				style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Charles Wyndham	Tory
1741				style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Vere Poulett	Tory
1747				style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Peregrine Poulett	Tory
1753				rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Robert Balch	Tory
1754		The Earl of Egmont			Robert Balch	Tory
1761		The Earl of Egmont			Edward Southwell
1762		Viscount Perceval^[10]			Edward Southwell
1763					The Lord Coleraine
1768				rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Benjamin Allen^[11]	Whig^[12]
1769	rowspan="3" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Hon. Anne Poulett	Tory^[12]		Benjamin Allen^[11]	Whig^[12]
1781	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|			John Acland	Tory^[12]
1784	rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|			Rear-Admiral Alexander Hood^[13]	Tory^[12]
1785		Robert Thornton		Rear-Admiral Alexander Hood^[13]	Tory^[12]
1790	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Major the Hon. Vere Poulett^[14]	Tory^[12]	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	John Langston	Tory^[12]
1796	rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	George Pocock	Tory^[12]	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Jeffreys Allen	Tory^[12]
1804	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	George Pocock	Tory^[12]	John Hudleston	Tory^[12]
1806	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Major-General the Hon. Vere Poulett	Whig^[12]	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	John Langston	Whig^[12]
1807	rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	William Thornton	Tory^[12]	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	George Pocock	Tory^[12]
1820	rowspan="4" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	William Thornton	Tory^[12]	Charles Kemeys-Tynte (1)	Whig^[12]^[15]
1832	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	William Tayleur	Whig^[12]
1835	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	John Temple Leader	Radical^[12]^[16]^[17]
May 1837	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" rowspan="4"\|	Henry Broadwood	Conservative^[12]
August 1837	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|			Philip Courtenay	Conservative^[12]
1841	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|			Thomas Seaton Forman	Conservative^[12]
1847	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" rowspan="3"\|			Charles Kemeys-Tynte (2)	Whig^[18]^[19]
1852	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	Brent Follett	Conservative
1857	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color"\|	Alexander William Kinglake	Whig^[20]
1859	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" rowspan="4"\|		Liberal		style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color"\|	Liberal
1865	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|			Henry Westropp^[21]	Conservative
1866	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|			George Patton	Conservative
1866	style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|			Philip Vanderbyl	Liberal
1869	Writ suspended — both seats vacant ^[22]
1870	Constituency abolished for corruption and incorporated into the West Somerset county division from 4 July 1870

Bridgwater county constituency, 1885–2010

County division created (1885)

Year		Member^[7]	Party
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1885	Edward Stanley	Conservative
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1906	Henry Montgomery	Liberal
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1910	Sir Robert Sanders	Unionist
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1923	William Morse	Liberal
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1924	Brooks Wood	Unionist
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1929	Reginald Croom-Johnson	Conservative
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1938 by-election	Vernon Bartlett	Independent Progressive
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1942		Common Wealth
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1945		Independent Progressive
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1950	Sir Gerald Wills	Conservative
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	1970 by-election	Tom King	Conservative
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" \|	2001	Ian Liddell-Grainger	Conservative
	2010	constituency abolished

Elections

Elections in the 1830s

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Leader resigned, by accepting the office of Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds, in order to contest a by-election at Шаблон:Constlk, causing a by-election.

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Westropp's election was declared void on petition on 25 April 1866, causing a by-election.

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Patton was appointed Lord Advocate, requiring a by-election.

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A Royal Commission found extensive bribery in the seat and, from 4 July 1870, the writ was suspended, both MPs were unseated, and the electorate was absorbed into West Somerset.

Elections in the 1880s

Файл:Edward Stanley of Bridgwater.jpg

Edward Stanley

Elections in the 1890s

Elections in the 1900s

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Файл:Greville Montgomery.png

Montgomery

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Elections in the 1910s

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place from 1914 and by the end of this year, the following candidates had been selected;

Unionist: Robert Sanders
Liberal: Philip Foale Rowsell

Sanders is appointed Treasurer of the Household, requiring him to seek re-election.

Шаблон:Election box begin Шаблон:Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link Шаблон:Election box hold with party link no swing Шаблон:Election box end

Шаблон:Election box begin Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link coalition 1918 Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box turnout Шаблон:Election box registered electors Шаблон:Election box hold with party link Шаблон:Election box end 1918

Elections in the 1920s

Elections in the 1930s

Elections in the 1940s

General Election 1939–40:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the Autumn of 1939, the following candidates had been selected;

Independent Progressive: Vernon Bartlett
Conservative: Patrick Heathcoat Amery^[23]

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Elections in the 1950s

Elections in the 1960s

Elections in the 1970s

Elections in the 1980s

Elections in the 1990s

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Elections in the 2000s

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Notes and references

Шаблон:Reflist

Sources

Boundaries of Parliamentary Constituencies 1885–1972, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Parliamentary Reference Publications 1972)
British Parliamentary Election Results 1832–1885, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Macmillan Press 1977)
British Parliamentary Election Results 1885–1918, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Macmillan Press 1974)
British Parliamentary Election Results 1918–1949, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Macmillan Press, revised edition 1977)
British Parliamentary Election Results 1950–1973, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Parliamentary Research Services 1983)
Who's Who of British Members of Parliament: Volume I 1832–1885, edited by M. Stenton (The Harvester Press 1976)
Who's Who of British Members of Parliament, Volume II 1886–1918, edited by M. Stenton and S. Lees (Harvester Press 1978)
Who's Who of British Members of Parliament, Volume III 1919–1945, edited by M. Stenton and S. Lees (Harvester Press 1979)
Who's Who of British Members of Parliament, Volume IV 1945–1979, edited by M. Stenton and S. Lees (Harvester Press 1981)
Robert Beatson, A Chronological Register of Both Houses of Parliament (London: Longman, Hurst, Res & Orme, 1807) [1]
D Brunton & D H Pennington, Members of the Long Parliament (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954)
Cobbett's Parliamentary history of England, from the Norman Conquest in 1066 to the year 1803 (London: Thomas Hansard, 1808) [2]
Esther S Cope and Willson H Coates (eds), Camden Fourth Series, Volume 19: Proceedings of the Short Parliament of 1640 (London: Royal Historical Society, 1977)
Maija Jansson (ed.), Proceedings in Parliament, 1614 (House of Commons) (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1988) [3]
J E Neale, The Elizabethan House of Commons (London: Jonathan Cape, 1949)
'Bridgwater: Parliamentary representation' in Victoria County History of Somerset: Volume 6 (1992)

Шаблон:Constituencies in South West England

↑ 2023 review South West Boundary Commission for England
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 ^2,2 ^2,3 Шаблон:Cite web
↑ ^3,00 ^3,01 ^3,02 ^3,03 ^3,04 ^3,05 ^3,06 ^3,07 ^3,08 ^3,09 ^3,10 ^3,11 ^3,12 ^3,13 ^3,14 ^3,15 ^3,16 ^3,17 ^3,18 ^3,19 ^3,20 ^3,21 ^3,22 ^3,23 Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Шаблон:Cite ODNB
↑ ^5,0 ^5,1 ^5,2 ^5,3 ^5,4 Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Browne Willis gives Molyns' name only tentatively for 1555
↑ ^7,0 ^7,1 ^7,2 Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Expelled as a monopolist, January 1641
↑ Cobbett lists the second MP elected in 1645 as John Palmer, MD, and gives Blake as MP for Taunton. Brunton & Pennington agree with the Dictionary of National Biography in naming Blake as MP for Bridgwater and Palmer for Taunton.
↑ Perceval was initially declared re-elected in 1768, but on petition he was judged not to have been duly elected and his opponent, Poulett, was seated in his place.
↑ Allen was initially declared re-elected in 1780, but on petition he was judged not to have been duly elected and his opponent, Acland, was seated in his place.
↑ ^12,00 ^12,01 ^12,02 ^12,03 ^12,04 ^12,05 ^12,06 ^12,07 ^12,08 ^12,09 ^12,10 ^12,11 ^12,12 ^12,13 ^12,14 ^12,15 ^12,16 ^12,17 ^12,18 Шаблон:Cite book
↑ Vice-Admiral from 1787
↑ Lieutenant-Colonel from 1793, Colonel from 1796
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite book
↑ The election of Westropp was declared void and a by-election was held
↑ The election of Kinglake and Vanderbyl in 1868 declared void. The writ (of election) was suspended and a Royal Commission was appointed, which reported that it had found proof of extensive bribery.
↑ Western Daily Press, 13 Jan 1939

[1] 2023 review South West Boundary Commission for England

[HOPWT-2] 2,0 ^2,1 ^2,2 ^2,3 Шаблон:Cite web

[HoP1-3] 3,00 ^3,01 ^3,02 ^3,03 ^3,04 ^3,05 ^3,06 ^3,07 ^3,08 ^3,09 ^3,10 ^3,11 ^3,12 ^3,13 ^3,14 ^3,15 ^3,16 ^3,17 ^3,18 ^3,19 ^3,20 ^3,21 ^3,22 ^3,23 Шаблон:Cite web

[4] Шаблон:Cite ODNB

[HoP2-5] 5,0 ^5,1 ^5,2 ^5,3 ^5,4 Шаблон:Cite web

[6] Browne Willis gives Molyns' name only tentatively for 1555

[histparl-7] 7,0 ^7,1 ^7,2 Шаблон:Cite web

[8] Expelled as a monopolist, January 1641

[9] Cobbett lists the second MP elected in 1645 as John Palmer, MD, and gives Blake as MP for Taunton. Brunton & Pennington agree with the Dictionary of National Biography in naming Blake as MP for Bridgwater and Palmer for Taunton.

[10] Perceval was initially declared re-elected in 1768, but on petition he was judged not to have been duly elected and his opponent, Poulett, was seated in his place.

[11] Allen was initially declared re-elected in 1780, but on petition he was judged not to have been duly elected and his opponent, Acland, was seated in his place.

[stookssmith-12] 12,00 ^12,01 ^12,02 ^12,03 ^12,04 ^12,05 ^12,06 ^12,07 ^12,08 ^12,09 ^12,10 ^12,11 ^12,12 ^12,13 ^12,14 ^12,15 ^12,16 ^12,17 ^12,18 Шаблон:Cite book

[13] Vice-Admiral from 1787

[14] Lieutenant-Colonel from 1793, Colonel from 1796

[15] Шаблон:Cite web

[johnbull1837-16] Шаблон:Cite news

[17] Шаблон:Cite news

[18] Шаблон:Cite news

[19] Шаблон:Cite news

[20] Шаблон:Cite book

[21] The election of Westropp was declared void and a by-election was held

[22] The election of Kinglake and Vanderbyl in 1868 declared void. The writ (of election) was suspended and a Royal Commission was appointed, which reported that it had found proof of extensive bribery.

[23] Western Daily Press, 13 Jan 1939

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Английская Википедия:Bridgwater (UK Parliament constituency)

Содержание

History

Boundaries

Members of Parliament

Bridgwater borough, 1295–1870

MPs 1295–1640

1640–1868

Bridgwater county constituency, 1885–2010

Elections

Elections in the 1830s

Elections in the 1840s

Elections in the 1850s

Elections in the 1860s

Elections in the 1880s

Elections in the 1890s

Elections in the 1900s

Elections in the 1910s

Elections in the 1920s

Elections in the 1930s

Elections in the 1940s

Elections in the 1950s

Elections in the 1960s

Elections in the 1970s

Elections in the 1980s

Elections in the 1990s

Elections in the 2000s

See also

Notes and references

Sources

Навигация

Действия на странице

Действия на странице

Персональные инструменты

Навигация

Поиск

Инструменты