Английская Википедия:Britannia (atlas)

Материал из Онлайн справочника
Перейти к навигацииПерейти к поиску

Шаблон:Short description

Файл:Ogilby - Britannia - Frontispiece Vol I (1675).jpg
Ogilby's Britannia, frontispiece. A surveyor and assistants are shown at the lower right. This illustration, like the others in the book, was etched by Wenceslaus Hollar.

Britannia is the title of each of three atlases created in England the late 16th and mid 18th centuries, describing some or all of the British Isles. These are the books published by William Camden (in 1586, reprinted 1693) and Richard Blome (in 1673) and John Ogilby (in 1675). Of the three, Ogilby's is probably best known because it was the first to use measured distances.

Camden's Britannia

Шаблон:Main In 1577, William Camden (1551–1623) began his great work Britannia, a topographical and historical survey of all of Great Britain and Ireland. His stated intention was to "restore antiquity to Britaine, and Britain to his antiquity".[1] The first edition, written in Latin, was published in 1586. It proved very popular, and ran through five further Latin editions, of 1587, 1590, 1594, 1600 and 1607, each greatly enlarged from its predecessor in both textual content and illustrations.[2][3] The 1607 edition included for the first time a full set of English county maps, based on the surveys of Christopher Saxton and John Norden, and engraved by William Kip and William Hole (who also engraved the fine frontispiece). The first English-language edition, translated by Philemon Holland, appeared in 1610, again with some additional content supplied by Camden.[4]

Britannia is a county-by-county description of Great Britain and Ireland. It is a work of chorography: a study that relates landscape, geography, antiquarianism, and history. Rather than write a history, Camden wanted to describe in detail the Great Britain of his time, and to show how the traces of the past could be discerned in the existing landscape. By this method, he produced the first coherent picture of Roman Britain.

Blome's Britannia

Шаблон:Expand section Richard Blome (1635-1705) published his Britannia, or a Geographical Description of the Kingdom of England, Scotland and Ireland in 1673.

Ogilby's Britannia

Файл:Surveyor's wheel in use.jpg
A trundle wheel in use (detail from the frontispiece of Ogilby's Britannia (1675)).

In 1675, John Ogilby (1600Шаблон:Ndash1676) issued his Britannia (also Шаблон:Lang), a road atlas depicting in strip form of most of the major routes in England and Wales.Шаблон:Sfnp The atlas included such details as the configurations of hills, bridges, ferries and the relative size of towns. One hundred strip road maps are shown, accompanied by a double-sided page of text giving additional advice for the map's use, notes on the towns shown and the alternative pronunciations of their name.Шаблон:Sfnp Another innovation was Ogilby's scale of one inch to the mile (1:63360).Шаблон:Sfnp These are marked and numbered on each map, the miles further being divided into furlongs.[5] At that period, the measurement of many minor roads had used a locally defined mile rather than the standard mile of 1760 standard yards which Ogilby adopted in his atlas, thus setting the standard for road maps in future.[6]

The most obvious omission from Ogilby's atlas is the route to Liverpool.[7]

The volume includes a panoramic frontispiece plate that includes a surveyor's wheel being used to measure distances.

Editions

It appears that two editions were released, one tinted and one monochrome, under different titles. The tinted edition was called Шаблон:Blockquote and the monochrome edition was Шаблон:Blockquote

The book was sold at £5 (the equivalent of about £Шаблон:Inflation in 2019), was in a large format,Шаблон:Efn and weighed about Шаблон:Cvt.[8]

Successors

A version of the book, "The traveller's guide or, a most exact description of the roads of England", in a smaller format and without any maps, was published in 1699 by Abel Swall.[9]

Ogilby's Britannia inspired and provided the model for Britannia Depicta or Ogilby improv'd published by Emanuel Bowen and John Owen in 1720.[10]

List of the 100 strip maps

Файл:Britannia Atlas Newmarket to Wells and Bury Edmunds 1675.jpg
Image from John Ogilby's 1675 "Britannia" atlas, showing two routes from Newmarket, Suffolk: to Wells-next-the-Sea, Norfolk and to Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk.

The preface to the atlas gives a list ("catalogue") of the maps it contains:Шаблон:Sfnp

  1. (City of) London, Acton, Uxbridge, Beaconsfield, High Wycombe, Tetsworth, Oxford, IslipШаблон:Sfnp
  2. Islip, Moreton-in-Marsh, Broadway, Pershore, Bromyard, WorcesterШаблон:Sfnp
  3. Bromyard, Leominster, Presteign, AberystwythШаблон:Sfnp
  4. London, Ewell, Dorking, Billingshurst, Amberley, Arundel, ChichesterШаблон:Sfnp
  5. London, Waltham, Hoddesdon, Ware, Royston, Huntingdon, StiltonШаблон:Sfnp
  6. Stilton, Stamford, Grantham, Newark, TuxfordШаблон:Sfnp
  7. Tuxford, Doncaster, Wentbridge, Tadcaster, YorkШаблон:Sfnp
  8. York, Boroughbridge, Northallerton, Darlington, Durham, Chester-le-StreetШаблон:Sfnp
  9. Chester-le-Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, Morpeth, Alnwick, Belford, BerwickШаблон:Sfnp
  10. London, Hounslow, Maidenhead, Reading, Newbury, Hungerford, MarlboroughШаблон:Sfnp
  11. Marlborough, Calne, Chippenham, Bristol, Axbridge, HuntspillШаблон:Sfnp
  12. London, Acton, Uxbridge, Amersham, Aylesbury, Buckingham, BanburyШаблон:Sfnp
  13. Banbury, Stratford, Bromsgrove, Kidderminster, BridgnorthШаблон:Sfnp
  14. London, Brentford, Hounslow, Colnbrook, Slough, Maidenhead, AbingdonШаблон:Sfnp
  15. Abingdon, Faringdon, Fairford, Barnsley, Gloucester, MonmouthШаблон:Sfnp
  16. Monmouth, Newport, Cardiff, Cowbridge, Aberavon, BurtonШаблон:Sfnp
  17. Burton, Kidwelly, Haverfordwest, St DavidsШаблон:Sfnp
  18. London, Southwark, Rochester, Canterbury, DoverШаблон:Sfnp
  19. London, Romford, Brentford, Chelmsford, Colchester, HarwichШаблон:Sfnp
  20. London, Farningham, Maidstone, Ashford, HytheШаблон:Sfnp
  21. London, High Barnet, St Albans, Dunstable, Stony Stratford, TowcesterШаблон:Sfnp
  22. Towcester, Daventry, Coventry, LichfieldШаблон:Sfnp
  23. Lichfield, Rugeley, Stone, Stableford, Nantwich, Tarporley, ChesterШаблон:Sfnp
  24. Chester, Denbigh, Conway, Beaumaris, HolyheadШаблон:Sfnp
  25. London, Hounslow, Staines, Basingstoke, AndoverШаблон:Sfnp
  26. Andover, Salisbury, Shaftsbury, Sherborne, CrewkerneШаблон:Sfnp
  27. Crewkerne, Honiton, Exeter, Ashburton, PlymouthШаблон:Sfnp
  28. Plymouth, Fowey, Tregony, Penzance, Land's EndШаблон:Sfnp
  29. London, Croydon, East Grinstead, Lewes, Newhaven, Brighton, ShorehamШаблон:Sfnp
  30. London, Wandsworth, Cobham, Godalming, Petersfield, PortsmouthШаблон:Sfnp
  31. London, Bromley, Sevenoaks, Tonbridge, RyeШаблон:Sfnp
  32. Andover, Warminster, Bruton, BridgwaterШаблон:Sfnp
  33. Bridgwater, Dulverton, Barnstaple, Torrington, HatherleighШаблон:Sfnp
  34. Hatherleigh, Camelford, Padstow, St Columb, TruroШаблон:Sfnp
  35. Chippenham, Bath, Wells, Marlborough, Devizes, Trowbridge, WellsШаблон:Sfnp
  36. Stilton, Peterborough, Spalding, Boston, Sleaford, LincolnШаблон:Sfnp
  37. Darleston, Brewerton, Warrington, Wigan, Preston, GarstangШаблон:Sfnp
  38. Garstang, Lancaster, Bolton, Kendal, Penrith, CarlisleШаблон:Sfnp
  39. Guildford, Midhurst, Chichester, Midhurst, Petersfield, WinchesterШаблон:Sfnp
  40. Stony Stratford, Northampton, Market Harborough, Leicester, Loughborough, DerbyШаблон:Sfnp
  41. Temsford, Stilton, Peterborough, Market Deeping, Sleaford, LincolnШаблон:Sfnp
  42. Lincoln, Redbourne, Brigg, Barton, Hull, Beverley, FlamboroughШаблон:Sfnp
  43. Puckeridge, Cambridge, Ely, Downham, King's LynnШаблон:Sfnp
  44. Four Shire Stone, Chipping Campden, Worcester, Ludlow, MontgomeryШаблон:Sfnp
  45. High Barnet, Hatfield, Baldock, Biggleswade, St Neots, OakhamШаблон:Sfnp
  46. Puckeridge, Newmarket, Thetford, Attleborough, Windham, NorwichШаблон:Sfnp
  47. St Albans, Luton, Bedford, Wellingborough, Kettering, OakhamШаблон:Sfnp
  48. Oakham, Melton Mowbray, Nottingham, Mansfield, Rotherham, BarnsleyШаблон:Sfnp
  49. Barnsley, Halifax, Skipton, Middleham, RichmondШаблон:Sfnp
  50. Meriden, Birmingham, Bridgnorth, Shrewsbury, WelshpoolШаблон:Sfnp
  51. Bagshot, Farnham, Alton, Alresford, Southampton, Romsey, SalisburyШаблон:Sfnp
  52. Newmarket, Swaffham, Wells; plus Newmarket, Bury St EdmundsШаблон:Sfnp
  53. Basingstoke, Stockbridge, Cranborne, Blandford, Dorchester, WeymouthШаблон:Sfnp
  54. Colchester, Ipswich, Saxmundham, Beccles, YarmouthШаблон:Sfnp
  55. Bristol, Chipping Sodbury, Tetbury, Cirencester, Burford, South Newington, BanburyШаблон:Sfnp
  56. Bristol, Chepstow, Monmouth, Hereford, Leominster, LudlowШаблон:Sfnp
  57. Ludlow, Shrewsbury, Whitchurch, ChesterШаблон:Sfnp
  58. Bristol, Wells, Glastonbury, Taunton, ExeterШаблон:Sfnp
  59. Bristol, Gloucester, Tewkesbury, WorcesterШаблон:Sfnp
  60. Bristol, Wells, Crewkerne, Frampton, WeymouthШаблон:Sfnp
  61. Cambridge, St Neots, Northampton, Rugby, CoventryШаблон:Sfnp
  62. Carlisle, Jedburgh, Kelso, BerwickШаблон:Sfnp
  63. Chester, Wrexham, Newtown, Llanbadarn Fynydd ("Vunneth Llanbader"); thence to Cardiff.Шаблон:Sfnp
  64. Llanbadarn Fynydd ("Llanbader Vunneth"), Brecon ("Breckknock"), CardiffШаблон:Sfnp
  65. Dartmouth, Exeter, Tiverton, MineheadШаблон:Sfnp
  66. St Davids, Fishguard, Cardigan, TalybontШаблон:Sfnp
  67. Talybont, Bala, Ruthin, HolywellШаблон:Sfnp
  68. Exeter, Chulmleigh, Ilfracombe, Bideford, TorringtonШаблон:Sfnp
  69. Exeter, Tavistock, Liskeard, TruroШаблон:Sfnp
  70. Gloucester, Cheltenham, Chipping Campden, Warwick, CoventryШаблон:Sfnp
  71. Gloucester, Ross-on-Wye, Hereford, Knighton, MontgomeryШаблон:Sfnp
  72. Hereford, Worcester, Droitwich, Bromsgrove, Coventry, LeicesterШаблон:Sfnp
  73. Huntingdon, Ely, Bury St Edmunds, IpswichШаблон:Sfnp
  74. Ipswich, Thwaite, Norwich, CromerШаблон:Sfnp
  75. King's Lynn, Thetford, Stowmarket, HarwichШаблон:Sfnp
  76. King's Lynn, Gayton, Billingford, Norwich, YarmouthШаблон:Sfnp
  77. Monmouth, Abergavenny, Brecon, LampeterШаблон:Sfnp
  78. Nottingham, Lincoln, Market Rasen, GrimsbyШаблон:Sfnp
  79. Oxford, Faringdon, Malmesbury, BristolШаблон:Sfnp
  80. Oxford, Buckingham, Bedford, CambridgeШаблон:Sfnp
  81. Oxford, Newbury, Basingstoke, Petersfield, ChichesterШаблон:Sfnp
  82. Oxford, Banbury, Coventry, Ashby-de-la-Zouch, DerbyШаблон:Sfnp
  83. Oxford, Hungerford, Salisbury, Cranborne, PooleШаблон:Sfnp
  84. Presteign, Builth Wells, Llandovery, CarmarthenШаблон:Sfnp
  85. Salisbury, Marlborough, Lechlade, Chipping CampdenШаблон:Sfnp
  86. Tynemouth, Newcastle, Hexham, Haltwhistle, CarlisleШаблон:Sfnp
  87. Welshpool, Dolgellau, CaernarvonШаблон:Sfnp
  88. York, Ripley, Skipton, Settle, LancasterШаблон:Sfnp
  89. York, Leeds, Rochdale, Manchester, WarringtonШаблон:Sfnp
  90. Warrington, Chester, Manchester, Stockport, DerbyШаблон:Sfnp
  91. Carmarthen, Cardigan, Lampeter, AberystwythШаблон:Sfnp
  92. Chelmsford, Sudbury, Bury St EdmundsШаблон:Sfnp
  93. Chelmsford, Maldon, Rayleigh, Ingatestone, Billericay, Gravesend, DoverШаблон:Sfnp
  94. Exeter, Colyford, Lyme Regis, Bridport, Dorchester, Plymouth, DartmouthШаблон:Sfnp
  95. Ferrybridge, Boroughbridge, Ripon, Barnard Castle; plus Ferrybridge to WakefieldШаблон:Sfnp
  96. Kendal, Ambleside, Cockermouth, Egremont, Cockermouth, CarlisleШаблон:Sfnp
  97. Alresford, Winchester, Poole, Christchurch, Southampton, WinchesterШаблон:Sfnp
  98. Shrewsbury, Wrexham, Holywell, Chester, Flint, HolywellШаблон:Sfnp
  99. Whitby, Guisborough, Stockton, Durham, Sunderland, TynemouthШаблон:Sfnp
  100. York, Pickering, Whitby, New Malton, Sherburn, ScarboroughШаблон:Sfnp

Notes

Шаблон:Notelist

References

Шаблон:Refbegin

Шаблон:Refend Шаблон:Reflist

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
Источник — http://wikihandbk.com/ruwiki/index.php?title=Английская_Википедия:Britannia_(atlas)&oldid=13642011