Английская Википедия:British G-class submarine
Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Use British English
Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship class overviewШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsThe G-class were a series of diesel-electric submarines of the Royal Navy in World War I
They were launched between 1914 and 1917, and intended for operations in the North Sea and German Bightagainst German U-boats.
Description
The G-class submarines were designed by the Admiralty in response to a rumour that the Germans were building double-hulled submarines for overseas duties. The submarines had a partial double hull, a length of Шаблон:Convert overall, a beam of Шаблон:Convert and a mean draft of Шаблон:Convert. They displaced Шаблон:Convert on the surface and Шаблон:Convert submerged. However, the design offered little improvement in practice, the ships being notoriously slow to dive.[1][2]
Most of the class had their bows raised during the war to increase buoyancy and improve seakeeping.
For surface running, the boats were nearly all powered by two Шаблон:Convert Vickers two-stroke eight-cylinder diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft. These engines were the first in the world to use Common Rail injection, using four plunger pumps to deliver a pressure up to Шаблон:Convert every 90° of rotation to keep the fuel pressure adequately constant in the 'rail' (pipe) serving all eight cylinders.[3] G14 was initially powered by FIAT diesels, but these proved unsuccessful, and were replaced by the standard Vickers engines. It was originally intended to fit more efficient four-stroke MAN and Sulzer diesels to some of the class, but the outbreak of hostilities rendered such plans impossible.[4] When submerged each propeller was driven by a Шаблон:Convert electric motor. They could reach Шаблон:Convert on the surface and Шаблон:Convert underwater. On the surface, the G class had a range of Шаблон:Convert at full speed.[5]
The boats were originally intended to be armed with one 21-inch (53.3 cm) torpedo tube in the bow and two 18-inch (45 cm) torpedo tubes on the beam. This specification was revised while they were under construction, the 21-inch tube moved to the stern and two additional 18-inch tubes added in the bow; they carried two 21-inch and eight 18-inch torpedoes. The G-class was also armed with a single Шаблон:Convert deck gun.[5]
The G-class submarines had a crew of 30 officers and ratings.[5]
Boats
A total of 14 boats were built at four yards: G1 to G5 by Chatham Dockyard, G6 & G7 by Armstrong Whitworth, G8 to G13 by Vickers, and G14 by Scott's on the Clyde. G15 was ordered from Samuel White's yard at Cowes, Isle of Wight, but cancelled.[6]
- G1 - Launched 14 August 1915. Sold for scrap 1920.
- G2 - Launched 23 December 1915. Sank U-78 in the Skagerrak, 28 October 1918. Sold for scrap 1920.
- G3 - Launched 22 January 1916. Sold for scrap 1920.
- G4 - Launched 23 October 1915. Sold 1928.
- G5 - Launched 23 November 1915. Sold 1922.
- G6 - Launched 7 December 1915. Sold 1921.
- G7 - Launched 14 March 1916. Last British submarine lost in World War I, on or about 23 October 1918, cause unknown.
- G8 - Launched 1 May 1916. Lost in the North Sea for reasons unknown on or about 14 January 1918.
- G9 - Launched 15 June 1916. Sunk in error by HMS Pasley on 16 September 1917. One survivor.
- G10 - Launched 11 January 1916. Sold 1923.
- G11 - Launched 22 February 1916. Wrecked on rocks off Howick, Northumberland, in thick fog, 22 November 1918. Two crew drowned while abandoning ship.
- G12 - Launched 24 March 1916. Sold 1920.
- G13 - Launched 18 July 1916. Sank UC-43 off Muckle Flugga, 10 March 1917. Sold 1923.
- G14 - Launched 17 May 1917. Sold 1923.
- G15 - Ordered 30 September 1914, cancelled 20 April 1915
Notes
References
External links
Шаблон:British G class submarine Шаблон:WWI British ships
- ↑ Arthur, M. (1997). Lost voices of the Royal Navy, p.84. Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, London. Шаблон:ISBN
- ↑ Yorkshire-divers.com Шаблон:Webarchive
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Friedman, N. (2014). Fighting the Great War at sea, p.258. Seaforth Publishing. Шаблон:ISBN
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 Gardiner & Gray, p. 90
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
