Английская Википедия:Broddenbjerg idol
The Broddenbjerg idol is a wooden ithyphallic figure found in a bog at Broddenbjerg, near Viborg, Denmark and now in the National Museum of Denmark in Copenhagen. It is dated to approximately 535–520 BCE.
The figure was discovered in a bog in spring 1880 by someone cutting peat. It is carbon-dated to approximately 535–520 BCE, the later Bronze Age, making it the oldest such figure in Denmark;[1][2] prior to testing, it had been dated later, to the Roman Iron Age.[3][4][5] It is made of an oak branch which was undoubtedly chosen for its shape and is approximately Шаблон:Convert high,[6] with no arms, two legs formed by the natural branches, and an erect penis approximately Шаблон:Convert long, the head of which has been marked off by scoring.[2] One leg is broken off; the other is tapered, so that the figure would presumably have been placed upright in the marshy ground.[1][2] At the top a face has been carved, with a pointed chin which may indicate a beard;[1] this has been seen as an indication that the figure was created by a Celtic culture.[3] The right eye is much more fully indicated than the left, which is only a line; several other such carved figures also have asymmetrical faces.[7][8] A line beneath the face may indicate a neck-ring or the top of clothing.[1][2] Resin had been applied to the groin area and the phallus.[1][2]
It is one of the best known from Denmark of a group of presumed cult images that have been found mainly in wetlands and peat bogs throughout northern and central Europe.[4] An altar-like arrangement with stones for grinding corn and clay vessels which may have contained food for offerings were found beside it.[1][2][3]
See also
References
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 "Guden fra Broddenbjerg" Шаблон:Webarchive, Nyt fra fortiden Шаблон:In lang
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 Klaus Ebbesen, "Moseguder og gudinder", Dagbladet Information, 8 May 2002 Шаблон:In lang
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 H. R. Ellis Davidson, Pagan Scandinavia, Ancient Peoples and Places 58, London: Thames and Hudson, 1967, Шаблон:OCLC, p. 78.
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 Francesco Menotti, Wetland Archaeology and Beyond: Theory and Practice, Oxford: Oxford University, 2012, Шаблон:ISBN, p. 193.
- ↑ Ole Klindt-Jensen, David M. Wilson and Eva Wilson, Denmark Before the Vikings, Ancient Peoples and Places 4, London: Thames and Hudson, 1957, Шаблон:OCLC, p. 80.
- ↑ N. Price, "Sexualität", in: Reallexikon der germanischen Altertumskunde, ed. Heinrich Beck, Dieter Geuenich and Heiko Steuer, volume 28 Seddin–Skīringssal, 2nd ed. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter, 2005, Шаблон:ISBN, p. 245.
- ↑ J. John M. Coles and Bryony Coles, Enlarging the Past: The Contributions of Wetland Archaeology, Monograph series 11, WARP occasional paper 10, Edinburgh: The Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, Wetland Archaeology Research Project, 1996, Шаблон:ISBN, p. 74.
- ↑ Miranda Aldhouse-Green, An Archaeology of Images: Iconology and Cosmology in Iron Age and Roman Europe, London/New York: Routledge, 2004, Шаблон:ISBN, p. 183.
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