Английская Википедия:Bu Shang
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Family name hatnote Шаблон:Chinese Шаблон:Chinese Bu Shang (507 BC – 400 BC),Шаблон:Sfn commonly known by his courtesy name Zixia or as Buzi (Master Bu), was an ancient Chinese philosopher and a prominent disciple of ConfuciusШаблон:Sfn who was considered one of the most accomplished in cultural learning. He was one of the five disciples who took chief responsibility for the transmission of Confucius' teachings. He played a significant role in the transmission of such classics as the Book of Poetry and the I Ching.Шаблон:Sfn He established his own school, and taught Marquess Wen of Wei, ruler of Wei,Шаблон:Sfn the most powerful state of the early Warring States period.Шаблон:Sfn
Said to be a teacher of early "Legalist" Li Kui, Bu Shang is cited for the principle of favoring talents over favoritism.[1] Шаблон:Anchor
Life
Disciple of Confucius
It is uncertain which state Bu Shang came from. Different ancient sources name his birthplace variously as either Wey, Wei, or Wen (溫).Шаблон:Sfn Modern scholars, including Ch'ien Mu, generally believe he was from Wei.Шаблон:Sfn Born in 507 BC, he was 44 years younger than Confucius.Шаблон:Sfn
The most frequently mentioned characteristic of Bu Shang is his love of book learning, and he was well versed in the Classics. He recommended broad, committed learning, and more than a millennium after his lifetime, his phrase, "Reflect on things near at hand" (jinsi) was used as the title of one of the most important works of Neo-Confucianism, by Zhu Xi.Шаблон:Sfn However, he had a "tendency toward pedantry", and sometimes treated learning as "an end unto itself".Шаблон:Sfn While lavishing praise on him for cultural learning, Confucius mildly criticized Bu Shang for his pedantry, reminding him of the greater ultimate importance of virtuous action over learning.Шаблон:Sfn
The Analects and the Book of Rites record a number of Bu Shang's sayings, one of the best known being, "Life and death are a matter of Destiny; wealth and honor depend on Heaven".Шаблон:Sfn
Later life
Bu Shang, along with Yan Yan, Zeng Shen, You Ruo, Zhuansun Shi, and Tantai Mieming, was among the disciples of Confucius who continued teaching after the death of their Master. Bu Shang established a school at Xihe (west of the Yellow River) in the State of Wei, where he taught numerous students, including Marquess Wen of Wei (r. 445–396 BC), the ruler of the state. His other influential students included Tian Zifang (田子方), Zhai Huang (翟璜), Duangan Mu (段干木), and Wei Cheng (魏成), all high-ranking ministers of Wei.[2]
According to tradition, Gongyang Gao and Guliang Chi, authors of the Gongyang Zhuan and the Guliang Zhuan, two of the Three Commentaries on the Spring and Autumn Annals, both studied the Spring and Autumn Annals under Bu Shang.Шаблон:Sfn
Bu Shang lived a long life. When his son predeceased him, he wept inconsolably and became blind.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Legacy
In Confucian temples, Bu Shang's spirit tablet is placed fifth among the Twelve Wise Ones, on the east.Шаблон:Sfn
During the Tang dynasty, Emperor Xuanzong posthumously awarded Bu Shang the nobility title of Marquess of Wei (魏侯). During the Song dynasty, he was further awarded the titles of Duke of Hedong (河東公) and Duke of Wei (魏公).[2]
Bu Shang's offspring held the title of Wujing Boshi (五經博士; Wǔjīng Bóshì).[3]
References
Citations
Bibliography
- ↑ Peng He 2014. p.68. Chinese Lawmaking: From Non-communicative to Communicative. https://books.google.com/books?id=MXDABAAAQBAJ&pg=PA68
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- Английская Википедия
- 507 BC births
- 400 BC deaths
- Disciples of Confucius
- 5th-century BC Chinese philosophers
- 5th-century BC Chinese people
- Wei (state)
- Zhou dynasty philosophers
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
