Английская Википедия:Bugei jūhappan

Материал из Онлайн справочника
Перейти к навигацииПерейти к поиску

The Bugei jūhappan (武芸十八般 "Eighteen Kinds Of Martial Arts") is a selection of combat techniques and martial arts used by the samurai of Tokugawa-era Japan.[1] Established by Hirayama Gyozo, the concept is based on earlier Chinese traditions, such as Eighteen Arms of Wushu.[2][3]

Eighteen arts

Файл:Heki Ryu Kyujutsu.jpg
1. Kyūjutsu
Файл:Kozaemon Hisamitsu mounted and armored, but bareheaded, on his galloping steed.jpg
2. Bajutsu

The Eighteen Arts consist of a mixture of native Japanese and imported Chinese martial art techniques and tactics. Within each art, various Ryū developed, with different methods of performing that particular art.[4] Certain Ryū, in turn, influenced the martial arts that were included in the list, Asayama Ichiden-ryū, Kukishin-ryū, Shinden-Fudo-ryū and Tagaki Yoshin-ryū.[5] The exact list varies, but is commonly held to include:

  1. Kyūjutsu, archery.
  2. Bajutsu, horseriding.
  3. Sōjutsu, fighting with a yari (spear).
  4. Kenjutsu, fencing.
  5. Suieijutsu, swimming in armour.
  6. Iaijutsu, sword-drawing.
  7. Tantōjutsu, knife-fighting.
  8. Juttejutsu, fighting with a jutte (truncheon).
  9. Shurikenjutsu, throwing shuriken.
  10. Fukumibarijutsu, needle-spitting.
  11. Naginatajutsu, fighting with a polearm, usually a naginata.
  12. Hōjutsu, shooting (with firearms).
  13. Hojōjutsu, tying up an opponent.
  14. Yawara, grappling and fighting unarmed.
  15. Bōjutsu, fighting with a (staff).
  16. Kusarigamajutsu, fighting with a chain-and-sickle.
  17. Mōjirijutsu, fighting with a barbed staff.[6]Шаблон:Page needed
  18. Ninjutsu, espionage.Шаблон:Citation needed

Other arts that were often included in the list are:

  • Chikujōjutsu, fortifying a castle against siege.
  • Yabusame, mounted archery.
  • Yadomejutsu, deflecting flying arrows.
  • Saiminjutsu, hypnotism.[7]

References

Шаблон:Reflist