Английская Википедия:Bulu language

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Distinguish Шаблон:Infobox language Bulu is a Bantu language of the Bulu people of Cameroon. The language had 174,000 native speakers in 1982, with some 800,000 second language speakers in 1991. Its dialects include Bene, Yelinda, Yembana, Yengono, and Zaman. Bulu was formerly used by colonial and missionary groups as a lingua franca in the region for commercial, educational, and religious purposes, though it is today becoming less frequent in those spheres.

Bulu belongs to the group of Beti languages and is intelligible with Eton, Ewondo, and Fang.

Distribution

Bulu speakers are concentrated primarily in Cameroon's South Province, with the largest number at Ebolowa and Sangmélima. Some speakers live in the Nyong-et-Mfoumou division of the Centre and the Haut-Nyong division of the East.

According to ALCAM (2012), Bulu is spoken in the departments of Mvila and Dja-et-Lobo (Southern Region), and also the south of the department of Haute-Sanaga (Central Region) where the Yezum dialect of Ewondo is also spoken. Along with the Yébékóló and Omvan languages, it is also spoken in the north of Nyong-et-Mfoumou department (Central Region) and part of Haut-Nyong department (south of Nguelemendouka commune, Eastern Region).[1]

Phonology

Here is the phonological inventory of Bulu.[2][3]

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
plain lab.
Plosive voiceless Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link
voiced Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link
prenasalized Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link
Affricate voiceless Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link
voiced Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link
prenasalized voiceless Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link
prenasalied voiced Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link
Fricative voiceless Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link
voiced Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link
prenasalized Шаблон:IPA link
Nasal Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link
Lateral Шаблон:IPA link
Approximant Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link

Vowels/Nasals

Front Central Back
Close Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link
Close-mid Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link
Mid Шаблон:IPA link
Open-mid Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link
Open Шаблон:IPA link Шаблон:IPA link

Writing system

The Bulu language was codified by the first Presbyterian missionaries who arrived in Cameroon. They made it a language of instruction in Protestant doctrine during the colonial era. This language has a dictionary (French-Bulu/Bulu-French) one of whose authors is Moïse Eyinga. The first novel written in Boulou is Nnanga Kôn.

EPC Alphabet

The Bulu alphabet of the Presbyterian Church of Cameroon consists of 24 letters: a, b, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, ñ, o, ô, p, s, t, u, v, w, y, z. é and è are variants of e in this alphabet.

PROPELCA alphabet

PROPELCA has also coded Bulu with an alphabet based on the General Alphabet of Cameroonian Languages.

Alphabet (PROPELCA)
Uppercase A B C D E Ə F I J K L M N Ŋ NY O Ɔ S T U V Y Z ʼ
Lowercase a b c d e ə f i j k l m n ŋ ny o ɔ s t u v y z ʼ

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Incubator Шаблон:Languages of Cameroon Шаблон:Narrow Bantu languages Шаблон:Authority control


Шаблон:Cameroon-lang-stub Шаблон:Bantu-lang-stub