Английская Википедия:Burlina

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The Burlina is a breed of cattle from the mountainous areas of the Veneto region of north-east Italy.Шаблон:R It is distributed mainly in the provinces of Treviso, Verona and Vicenza.Шаблон:R It is a dual-purpose breed, but is raised principally for milk production.Шаблон:R It has been suggested that it may be related to the similar Bretonne Pie Noir breed of small pied dairy cattle in Brittany.Шаблон:R

History

The origins of the Burlina are unknown.Шаблон:R It has been suggested that it may be related to the Bretonne Pie Noir, a breed of small pied dairy cattle in Brittany, or that it may have been brought into Italy by Cimbrian migrants.Шаблон:R

The Burlina was one of the most numerous breeds present in north-eastern Italy in the early 20th century, numbering tens of thousands of head. Until the 1930s, it was the commonest dairy breed on the Altopiano di Asiago, in the Colli Berici, on Monte Grappa and in the Monti Lessini.Шаблон:R Numbers declined significantly during the First World War, under the Fascist regime and during the Second World War, and gradually during the 1950s and 1960s. It was mostly replaced by the Friesian, which was deemed more productive. In 1956 the population in the Veneto was recorded as 11,283. By 2008 it had fallen to about 300.Шаблон:R

Characteristics

The Burlina is small, with a pied black-and-white coat. It is well adapted to grazing on poor or marginal mountain pasture,Шаблон:R and is hardy, rugged and resistant to disease.

Use

The Burlina cow has a milk yield comparable to that of other Italian Alpine breeds, and about half that of a Friesian. It is longer-lived and more fertile,Шаблон:R and, because of its smaller size, requires less food; it can exploit poor and fragile mountain pastures.Шаблон:R

The milk is similar in proportions of protein and fat to that of the Friesian, but is higher in κ-caseinШаблон:R and so more suitable for cheese-making. The milk is traditionally used in the production of the regional Morlacco del Grappa cheese.Шаблон:R Both the cheese and the Burlina breed are included in the Ark of Taste of the Slow Food Foundation.Шаблон:R

The traditional management system is transhumant – the cattle range freely on high alpine pasture during the summer and are brought down to pass the winter in byres where they are fed mostly on hay, with a minimum of concentrated feed.Шаблон:R