Английская Википедия:Busaira, Jordan
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Distinguish Шаблон:Infobox settlement
Busaira (Шаблон:Lang-ar; also Busayra, Busairah or Buseirah) is a town in Tafilah Governorate, Jordan, located between the towns of Tafilah (Tophel) and Shoubak and closer to the latter. Bozrah (Шаблон:Lang-he Шаблон:Transliteration; also Botsra, Botzrah, Buzrak) is a biblical city identified by some researchers with an archaeological site situated in the town of Busaira.[1]
In biblical narrative
Bozrah in Edom
Bozrah means sheepfold or enclosure in Hebrew[2] and was a pastoral cityШаблон:Citation needed in Edom southeast of the Dead Sea. According to the biblical narrative, it was the home city of one of Edom's kings, Jobab son of Zerah (Шаблон:Bibleverse) and the homeland of Jacob's twin brother, Esau.
- And these were the kings who reigned in the land of Edom before the reigning of a king over the sons of Israel ... And Bela died, and Jobab the son of Zerah, from Bozrah, reigned in his place. (Шаблон:Bibleverse)
The prophets Amos, Isaiah, and Jeremiah predicted Bozrah's destruction:
- But I will send a fire against Teman, and it shall devour the palaces of Bozrah. (Шаблон:Bibleverse).
- The Lord has a sacrifice in Bozrah, and a great slaughter in the land of Edom. (Шаблон:Bibleverse).
- "I swear by myself", declares the Lord, "that Bozrah will become a ruin and a curse, an object of horror and reproach; and all its towns will be in ruin forever". (Шаблон:Bibleverse).
According to Isaiah 63:1–6, the Lord will come from Edom (modern-day Jordan) and Bozrah in blood-stained clothing on "the day of vengeance" and "the year of My redeemed" (cf. Шаблон:Bibleverse: He was clothed with a robe dipped in blood).
Excavations
Excavation of the site began in the 1970s, and the finds were dated first to the 8th century BCE.[3] However, later studies indicated that the main excavated Edomite sites from the area, including Umm el-Biyara, Tawilan and Buseirah, do not pre-date the seventh century BCE (Iron II).[4]
A round of excavations was conducted in 2009 and resulted in uncovering a church, possibly Byzantine, dwellings, and some water wells.[5]
An old tomb is popular among tourists as it is said to belong to Al-Harith Bin Umair Al-Azadi,[6] whose murder led to the 639 CE Battle of Mu'tah.
A number of community-led initiatives, such as the Busayra Cultural Heritage Project, have worked in recent years to develop tourism capacity at the archaeological site and raise awareness among local residents of the area's rich ancient history.[1][7] Archaeologists believe that the site suffered irreversible damage after Nebuchadnezzar II invaded it. It was later occupied by the Nabateans, who expelled the Edomites to the Levant.[8]
See also
- Sela (Edom), a nearby Edomite and Nabataean site
References
External links
- Online photo collection of school and community activities at Busayra, including the archaeological site, 2014–2018, via the USAID SCHEP Collection (ACOR Digital Archive)
- Шаблон:Commons category-inline
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Bienkowski, P. (1992). The beginning of the Iron Age in Edom: A reply to Finkelstein. Levant, 24(1), 167–169
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Jordan Times, Al Harith Bin Omair Al Azdi shrine receives 50,000 annual visitors, 11 July 2015
- ↑ Interpretive signs for Busayra archaeological site (electronic copy) (bilingual English-Arabic), as prepared by the Jordanian Department of Antiquities, Busayra Foundation for Cultural Heritage, and Sustainable Cultural Heritage through Engagement of Local Communities Project (funded by USAID and implemented by ACOR).
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
